Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 4.7.2

← 4.7.1 4.7.3 →

Passage 4.7.2

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2sentences parsed

48Greek tokens

1,610input tokens

3,488output tokens

Sentence 1

4.7.2 sentence 1

Tokens: 30
Input: 871
Output: 2,208
Total: 3,079

πρὸς δὲ τὰς πόλεις ποιούμενοι προσβολὰς εἷλον μὲν οὐδεμίαν ἅτε καὶ τείχεσιν ὠχυρωμένας καὶ διʼ ἀκριβείας φρουρουμένας, λαμβάνοντες δὲ τραύματα ἀπεχώρουν ἄπρακτοι καὶ τελευτῶντες οὐκέτι ἀπεπειρῶντο τῶν πόλεων.

The coordinated participles ποιούμενοι, λαμβάνοντες, and τελευτῶντες have the implicit subject of ἀπεχώρουν/ἀπεπειρῶντο; οὐδεμίαν is the object of εἷλον, with ἅτε-clause participles agreeing with the cities. The form τείχεσιν is dat./instr. pl.; here it is instrumental, ‘fortified with walls’.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	πρὸς	πρός	ADP	P	AdpType=Prep	6 προσβολὰς	case	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C	_	22 ἀπεχώρουν	cc	high
3	τὰς	ὁ	DET	T-APF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	4 πόλεις	det	high
4	πόλεις	πόλις	NOUN	N-AFP	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	6 προσβολὰς	obj	high
5	ποιούμενοι	ποιέω	VERB	V-PNPMP-N	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	6 προσβολὰς	advcl	high
6	προσβολὰς	προσβολή	NOUN	N-AFP	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	7 εἷλον	obl	high	πρός + accusative gives the target of the attacks.
7	εἷλον	αἱρέω	VERB	V-IAI3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	22 ἀπεχώρουν	conj	high
8	μὲν	μέν	PART	X	_	7 εἷλον	discourse	high	Correlative μέν with δέ at token 20.
9	οὐδεμίαν	οὐδείς	PRON	A-APF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Neg	7 εἷλον	obj	high	Refers elliptically to no city.
10	ἅτε	ἅτε	SCONJ	C	_	13 ὠχυρωμένας	mark	high	Introduces an explanatory causal participial construction.
11	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	13 ὠχυρωμένας	cc	high
12	τείχεσιν	τεῖχος	NOUN	N-DPN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	13 ὠχυρωμένας	obl	medium	Dative/instrumental plural; construed instrumentally with ὠχυρωμένας.
13	ὠχυρωμένας	ὀχυρόω	VERB	V-RPPFA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	9 οὐδεμίαν	advcl	high	Agrees with the implicit feminine plural cities represented by οὐδεμίαν.
14	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	17 φρουρουμένας	cc	high
15	διʼ	διά	ADP	P	AdpType=Prep	16 ἀκριβείας	case	high	διά before a genitive noun.
16	ἀκριβείας	ἀκρίβεια	NOUN	N-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	17 φρουρουμένας	obl	high	‘with strictness/care’.
17	φρουρουμένας	φρουρέω	VERB	V-PPMFA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	9 οὐδεμίαν	advcl	high	Coordinated with ὠχυρωμένας; agrees with the cities.
18	,	,	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	22 ἀπεχώρουν	punct	high
19	λαμβάνοντες	λαμβάνω	VERB	V-PAPMP-N	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	22 ἀπεχώρουν	advcl	high	Same implicit subject as ἀπεχώρουν.
20	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C	_	22 ἀπεχώρουν	cc	high	Correlative with μέν at token 8.
21	τραύματα	τραῦμα	NOUN	N-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	19 λαμβάνοντες	obj	high
22	ἀπεχώρουν	ἀποχωρέω	VERB	V-IAI3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Impf\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
23	ἄπρακτοι	ἄπρακτος	ADJ	A-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	22 ἀπεχώρουν	xcomp	high	Predicative adjective: they withdrew unsuccessful.
24	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	27 ἀπεπειρῶντο	cc	high
25	τελευτῶντες	τελευτάω	VERB	V-PAPMP-N	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	27 ἀπεπειρῶντο	advcl	high	Temporal/sequential participle: finally.
26	οὐκέτι	οὐκέτι	ADV	D	Polarity=Neg	27 ἀπεπειρῶντο	advmod	high
27	ἀπεπειρῶντο	ἀποπειράομαι	VERB	V-IMI3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Impf\|Voice=Mid	22 ἀπεχώρουν	conj	high	Coordinated predicate, with τελευτῶντες as its temporal modifier.
28	τῶν	ὁ	DET	T-GPF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	29 πόλεων	det	high
29	πόλεων	πόλις	NOUN	N-GPF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	27 ἀπεπειρῶντο	obl	high	Genitive governed by ἀποπειράομαι.
30	.	.	PUNCT	PUNCT	_	22 ἀπεχώρουν	punct	high

Sentence 2

4.7.2 sentence 2

Tokens: 18
Input: 739
Output: 1,280
Total: 2,019

ἐλῄστευον δὲ καὶ οἱ Μεσσήνιοι τά τε ἐπιθαλάσσια τῆς Λακωνικῆς καὶ ὅσαι γεωργίαι περὶ τὸ Ταΰγετον ἦσαν.

The verb ἐλῄστευον governs the coordinated objects τά ἐπιθαλάσσια τῆς Λακωνικῆς and ὅσαι γεωργίαι περὶ τὸ Ταΰγετον ἦσαν; ὅσαι γεωργίαι is a relative-substantive phrase, with ἦσαν understood as locative/existential.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἐλῄστευον	λῃστεύω	VERB	V-IAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Impf\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 ἐλῄστευον	cc	high
3	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 ἐλῄστευον	cc	high
4	οἱ	ὁ	DET	T-NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	5 Μεσσήνιοι	det	high
5	Μεσσήνιοι	Μεσσήνιος	PROPN	NPM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	1 ἐλῄστευον	nsubj	high
6	τά	ὁ	DET	T-NPA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	1 ἐλῄστευον	obj	high
7	τε	τε	CCONJ	CONJ	_	6 τά	cc	high
8	ἐπιθαλάσσια	ἐπιθαλάσσιος	ADJ	A-NPA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	6 τά	amod	high
9	τῆς	ὁ	DET	T-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	10 Λακωνικῆς	det	high
10	Λακωνικῆς	Λακωνική	PROPN	A-GSF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	8 ἐπιθαλάσσια	nmod	high	Substantivized adjective, ‘of Laconia’.
11	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	CONJ	_	1 ἐλῄστευον	cc	high
12	ὅσαι	ὅσος	DET	R-NPF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	13 γεωργίαι	det	high	Relative determiner introducing a substantivized relative phrase.
13	γεωργίαι	γεωργία	NOUN	N-NPF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	6 τά	conj	high	Coordinated with the neuter plural object phrase; number/gender reflects the overt noun.
14	περὶ	περί	ADP	PREP	_	16 Ταΰγετον	case	high
15	τὸ	ὁ	DET	T-NSA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	16 Ταΰγετον	det	high
16	Ταΰγετον	Ταΰγετος	PROPN	N-NSA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	17 ἦσαν	obl	high	Accusative with περί, location ‘around Taygetus’.
17	ἦσαν	εἰμί	VERB	V-IAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Impf\|Voice=Act	13 γεωργίαι	acl:relcl	high	Existential/locative predicate of γεωργίαι, with περὶ τὸ Ταΰγετον as its complement.
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	1 ἐλῄστευον	punct	high

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