Grammar parses for passage 5.17.1
Open translation for this passage
ταῦτα μὲν δὴ ἔχει κατὰ τὰ προειρημένα·
ταῦτα is construed as the subject of ἔχει, with κατά + accusative participial phrase giving the reference basis ('according to what has been said above').
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταῦτα | οὗτος | PRON | Pd--NPAN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 4 ἔχει | nsubj | high | Likely nominative/accusative neuter plural; taken as subject of ἔχει here. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 ταῦτα | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | G-------- | _ | 4 ἔχει | discourse | high | Enclitic emphatic particle. |
| 4 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | V-3SPIAI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb, sentence root. |
| 5 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 ἔχει | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 6 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | L-AP-NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 προειρημένα | det | high | Article with participle. |
| 7 | προειρημένα | προεἴρημαι | VERB | V-RPPNAN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 5 κατὰ | obl | medium | Perfect middle/passive participle used substantivally after κατά; head attached to preposition. |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἔχει | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
τῆς Ἥρας δέ ἐστιν ἐν τῷ ναῷ Διός, τὸ δὲ Ἥρας ἄγαλμα καθήμενόν ἐστιν ἐπὶ θρόνῳ·
Two loosely coordinated clauses with repeated ἐστιν; first has a genitive possessive frame, second is a copular clause with participial modifier.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 2 Ἥρας | det | high | Article modifying Ἥρας. |
| 2 | Ἥρας | Ἥρα | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | medium | Genitive with ἐστιν; likely possessive/genitive of reference. |
| 3 | δέ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-3SPAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main copular/existential predicate. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R | _ | 7 ναῷ | case | high | Preposition governing τῷ ναῷ. |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 ναῷ | det | high | Article modifying ναῷ. |
| 7 | ναῷ | ναός | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | obl | high | Prepositional oblique with ἐν. |
| 8 | Διός | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 ναῷ | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ναῷ. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 ἄγαλμα | det | high | Article modifying ἄγαλμα. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 13 ἄγαλμα | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 12 | Ἥρας | Ἥρα | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of ἄγαλμα. |
| 13 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of καθήμενόν ἐστιν. |
| 14 | καθήμενόν | κάθημαι | VERB | V-PMP-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 13 ἄγαλμα | amod | medium | Participial modifier of ἄγαλμα; can be parsed as adjectival. |
| 15 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-3SPAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Second clause root; paratactic to first clause. |
| 16 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 17 θρόνῳ | case | high | Preposition governing θρόνῳ. |
| 17 | θρόνῳ | θρόνος | NOUN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἐστιν | obl | high | Prepositional oblique with ἐπί. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 ἐστιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
παρέστηκε δὲ γένειά τε ἔχων καὶ ἐπικείμενος κυνῆν ἐπὶ τῇ κεφαλῇ, ἔργα δέ ἐστιν ἁπλᾶ.
The sentence consists of a main clause with coordinated participial descriptions, followed by a loosely paratactic clause introduced by ἔργα δέ ἐστιν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρέστηκε | παρίστημι | VERB | V-3SRAI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb, main predicate. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 1 παρέστηκε | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | γένειά | γένειον | NOUN | N-AccPlNeut | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 ἔχων | obj | high | Object of ἔχων. |
| 4 | τε | τε | PART | _ | _ | 3 γένειά | cc | medium | Correlative/connecting particle with ἔχων. |
| 5 | ἔχων | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 1 παρέστηκε | advcl | high | Participial attendant circumstance, linked to παρέστηκε. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 ἔχων | cc | high | Coordinates the participial clauses. |
| 7 | ἐπικείμενος | ἐπίκειμαι | VERB | V-PMP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 1 παρέστηκε | conj | high | Second coordinated participle. |
| 8 | κυνῆν | κυνή | NOUN | N-AccSgFem | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐπικείμενος | obj | high | Object of ἐπικείμενος. |
| 9 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 11 κεφαλῇ | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 10 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | L-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 11 κεφαλῇ | det | high | Article with κεφαλῇ. |
| 11 | κεφαλῇ | κεφαλή | NOUN | N-DatSgFem | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἐπικείμενος | obl | high | Adverbial prepositional phrase dependent on ἐπικείμενος. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 παρέστηκε | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | ἔργα | ἔργον | NOUN | N-NPNeut | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 15 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐστιν. |
| 14 | δέ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 15 ἐστιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 15 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-3SPI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 1 παρέστηκε | parataxis | high | Second main clause, loosely juxtaposed. |
| 16 | ἁπλᾶ | ἁπλοῦς | ADJ | A-NPNeut | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἔργα | amod | high | Predicate adjective agreeing with ἔργα. |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 παρέστηκε | punct | high | Punctuation. |
τὰς δὲ ἐφεξῆς τούτων καθημένας ἐπὶ θρόνων Ὥρας ἐποίησεν Αἰγινήτης Σμῖλις.
The phrase τὰς ... Ὥρας is a somewhat compressed object expression: the participle καθημένας takes the accusative, with Ὥρας in apposition and ἐπὶ θρόνων as a participial modifier.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 καθημένας | det | high | Articular object with omitted noun implied by participle and later apposition. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 9 ἐποίησεν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐφεξῆς | ἐφεξῆς | ADV | _ | _ | 5 καθημένας | advmod | medium | Likely adverb modifying καθημένας; could also be adjectival in function. |
| 4 | τούτων | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 3 ἐφεξῆς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἐφεξῆς, expressing sequence relative to these. |
| 5 | καθημένας | κάθημαι | VERB | _ | Aspect=Imp|Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 9 ἐποίησεν | obj | medium | Participial predicate agreeing with implied object τὰς ... Ὥρας. |
| 6 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | _ | _ | 7 θρόνων | case | high | Preposition governing θρόνων. |
| 7 | θρόνων | θρόνος | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 καθημένας | obl | high | Prepositional complement of καθημένας. |
| 8 | Ὥρας | Ὥρα | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 καθημένας | appos | medium | Apposition to the accusative object phrase, naming the Horai. |
| 9 | ἐποίησεν | ποιέω | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 10 | Αἰγινήτης | Αἰγινήτης | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 Σμῖλις | amod | high | Attributive ethnicon modifying Σμῖλις. |
| 11 | Σμῖλις | Σμῖλις | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 ἐποίησεν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐποίησεν. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἐποίησεν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
παρὰ δὲ αὐτὰς Θέμιδος ἅτε μητρὸς τῶν Ὡρῶν ἄγαλμα ἕστηκε Δορυκλείδου τέχνη, γένος μὲν Λακεδαιμονίου, μαθητοῦ δὲ Διποίνου καὶ Σκύλλιδος.
The syntax is mainly an inventory statement with an ellipted appositive chain; γένος μὲν ... μαθητοῦ δὲ ... are loosely attached predicate/appositive phrases, and παρὰ αὐτὰς is interpreted as a locative phrase modifying the main clause.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | S--------- | Case=ACC | 9 ἄγαλμα | case | high | Preposition governing αὐτὰς. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G--------- | _ | 9 ἄγαλμα | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτὰς | αὐτός | PRON | P-p---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 9 ἄγαλμα | obl | medium | Likely object of παρὰ; reference contextually to the images/statues. |
| 4 | Θέμιδος | Θέμις | PROPN | N-S---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἄγαλμα. |
| 5 | ἅτε | ἅτε | SCONJ | G-------- | _ | 6 μητρὸς | mark | high | Comparative/causal particle introducing appositive genitive phrase. |
| 6 | μητρὸς | μήτηρ | NOUN | N-S---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive in apposition with Θέμιδος. |
| 7 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | L-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 8 Ὡρῶν | det | high | Article with Ὡρῶν. |
| 8 | Ὡρῶν | ὥρα | NOUN | N-p---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 6 μητρὸς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of μητρὸς. |
| 9 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-S---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἕστηκε | nsubj | high | Subject of ἕστηκε. |
| 10 | ἕστηκε | ἵστημι | VERB | V-3sria-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Finite verb, perfect with present sense. |
| 11 | Δορυκλείδου | Δορυκλείδης | PROPN | N-S---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 τέχνη | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of τέχνη. |
| 12 | τέχνη | τέχνη | NOUN | N-S---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἕστηκε | advcl | medium | Likely elliptical/absolute-style qualifier 'by the art of Dorykleides'; syntactic relation uncertain, treated as circumstantial predication to the main clause. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 τέχνη | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 14 | γένος | γένος | NOUN | N-S---nn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 10 ἕστηκε | advcl | high | Predicate noun in apposition/elliptical clause with implied copula. |
| 15 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G--------- | _ | 14 γένος | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 16 | Λακεδαιμονίου | Λακεδαιμόνιος | ADJ | A-S---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 γένος | nmod | medium | Genitive of origin/ethnicity modifying γένος. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 γένος | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 18 | μαθητοῦ | μαθητής | NOUN | N-S---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 γένος | nmod | high | Genitive in apposition or dependent specification with γένος. |
| 19 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G--------- | _ | 18 μαθητοῦ | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 20 | Διποίνου | Δίποινος | PROPN | N-S---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 18 μαθητοῦ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of μαθητοῦ. |
| 21 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 20 Διποίνου | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 22 | Σκύλλιδος | Σκύλλις | PROPN | N-S---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 20 Διποίνου | conj | high | Conjunct genitive with Διποίνου. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 10 ἕστηκε | punct | high | Punctuation. |