Grammar parses for passage 5.17.6
Open translation for this passage
τῶν δὲ ἐπὶ τῇ λάρνακι ἐπιγράμματα ἔπεστι τοῖς πλείοσι, γράμμασι τοῖς ἀρχαίοις γεγραμμένα· καὶ τὰ μὲν ἐς εὐθὺ αὐτῶν ἔχει, σχήματα δὲ ἄλλα τῶν γραμμάτων βουστροφηδὸν καλοῦσιν Ἕλληνες.
The sentence has three coordinated/juxtaposed clauses; the main difficulty is the genitive/dative attachments around ἔχει and the appositional/participial relation of γεγραμμένα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | Art | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 6 ἐπιγράμματα | det | high | Article modifying ἐπιγράμματα. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | Ptcl | _ | 7 ἔπεστι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | Prep | _ | 5 λάρνακι | case | high | Preposition with dative. |
| 4 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | Art | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 λάρνακι | det | high | Article modifying λάρνακι. |
| 5 | λάρνακι | λάρναξ | NOUN | N-SF-D | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἐπιγράμματα | nmod | high | Prepositional modifier of ἐπιγράμματα. |
| 6 | ἐπιγράμματα | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N-NA-P | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ἔπεστι | nsubj | high | Subject of ἔπεστι. |
| 7 | ἔπεστι | ἔνειμι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential verb. |
| 8 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | Art | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 πλείοσι | det | high | Article modifying πλείοσι. |
| 9 | πλείοσι | πλείων | ADJ | A-DPM-C | Case=Dat|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἔπεστι | obl | high | Dative with ἔπεστι, 'to/for most'. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔπεστι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 11 | γράμμασι | γράμμα | NOUN | N-ND-P | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 14 γεγραμμένα | obl | high | Dative of means/instrument with γεγραμμένα. |
| 12 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | Art | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 13 ἀρχαίοις | det | high | Article modifying ἀρχαίοις. |
| 13 | ἀρχαίοις | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-DPM | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 γράμμασι | amod | high | Attributive to γράμμασι. |
| 14 | γεγραμμένα | γράφω | VERB | V-PPP-NPN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 6 ἐπιγράμματα | acl | high | Participial modifier of ἐπιγράμματα. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἔπεστι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 16 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 22 ἔχει | cc | high | Coordinates clause with previous. |
| 17 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | Art | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 σχήματα | det | high | Article modifying σχήματα. |
| 18 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Ptcl | _ | 22 ἔχει | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 19 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | Prep | _ | 20 εὐθὺ | case | high | Preposition with accusative. |
| 20 | εὐθὺ | εὐθύς | ADV | Adv | _ | 22 ἔχει | advmod | medium | Likely adverbial 'straight/straight on'. |
| 21 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-3GP | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs | 22 ἔχει | obj | medium | Genitive dependent, likely of comparison/partitive with ἔχει. |
| 22 | ἔχει | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second main verb. |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 22 ἔχει | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 24 | σχήματα | σχῆμα | NOUN | N-NA-P | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 30 καλοῦσιν | obj | high | Object of καλοῦσιν. |
| 25 | δὲ | δέ | PART | Ptcl | _ | 30 καλοῦσιν | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 26 | ἄλλα | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-NN-P | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 σχήματα | amod | high | Attributive to σχήματα. |
| 27 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | Art | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 28 γραμμάτων | det | high | Article modifying γραμμάτων. |
| 28 | γραμμάτων | γράμμα | NOUN | N-GN-P | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 24 σχήματα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on σχήματα. |
| 29 | βουστροφηδὸν | βουστροφηδόν | ADV | Adv | _ | 30 καλοῦσιν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying καλοῦσιν. |
| 30 | καλοῦσιν | καλέω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Third main verb; 'they call'. |
| 31 | Ἕλληνες | Ἕλλην | PROPN | N-PM-N | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 30 καλοῦσιν | nsubj | high | Subject of καλοῦσιν. |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 30 καλοῦσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ἀρξαμένῳ δὲ ἀνασκοπεῖσθαι κάτωθεν τοσάδε ἐπὶ τῆς λάρνακος ἡ πρώτη παρέχεται χώρα.
The syntax is compressed: ἀρξαμένῳ with the infinitive ἀνασκοπεῖσθαι forms a dative absolute/participial frame, while τοσάδε likely functions as the content/object of the infinitival phrase.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀρξαμένῳ | ἄρχω | VERB | V-PAP-DSM | Case=Dative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 11 παρέχεται | advcl | high | Dative participle agreeing with implied subject of ἀνασκοπεῖσθαι; temporal/attendant circumstance. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | PART | _ | 11 παρέχεται | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀνασκοπεῖσθαι | ἀνασκοπέω | VERB | V-PNM | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid | 11 παρέχεται | xcomp | high | Complementary infinitive depending on ἀρξαμένῳ. |
| 4 | κάτωθεν | κάτωθεν | ADV | D | _ | 11 παρέχεται | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the main verb. |
| 5 | τοσάδε | τοσόσδε | DET | PD-APN | Case=Accusative|Gender=Neuter|Number=Plur | 11 παρέχεται | obj | medium | Likely object/complement with infinitive phrase; accusative neuter plural form. |
| 6 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R | _ | 8 λάρνακος | case | high | Preposition governing genitive. |
| 7 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | RA--GSF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Sing | 8 λάρνακος | det | high | Article modifying λάρνακος. |
| 8 | λάρνακος | λάρναξ | NOUN | N-S--GSF | Case=Genitive|Gender=Feminine|Number=Sing | 11 παρέχεται | obl | high | Prepositional phrase dependent on the main verb. |
| 9 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | RA--NSF | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Sing | 12 χώρα | det | high | Article modifying χώρα. |
| 10 | πρώτη | πρῶτος | ADJ | A--NSF | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Sing | 12 χώρα | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying χώρα. |
| 11 | παρέχεται | παρέχω | VERB | V-PIE-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 12 | χώρα | χώρα | NOUN | N--NSF | Case=Nominative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Sing | 11 παρέχεται | nsubj | high | Subject of παρέχεται. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 11 παρέχεται | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |