Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 5.20.5

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Passage 5.20.5

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3sentences parsed

58Greek tokens

2,299input tokens

4,189output tokens

Sentence 1

5.20.5 sentence 1

Tokens: 18
Input: 739
Output: 1,282
Total: 2,021

καὶ γὰρ ἐπὶ τῶν θεῶν τὰ ἱερὰ καὶ ἐς πάντα ὁμοίως τὰ ὑψηλὰ ἐπαναβαίνοντες ἠμύνοντο οἱ Ἠλεῖοι.

The syntax is centered on ἠμύνοντο with a nominative subject and a circumstantial participle ἐπαναβαίνοντες; the two accusative noun phrases are treated as objects/complements of the participle.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	15 ἠμύνοντο	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction joining clauses or coordinated phrases.
2	γὰρ	γάρ	PART	_	_	15 ἠμύνοντο	discourse	high	Postpositive explanatory particle.
3	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	_	_	5 θεῶν	case	high	Preposition governing genitive here.
4	τῶν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	5 θεῶν	det	high	Article with θεῶν.
5	θεῶν	θεός	NOUN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	15 ἠμύνοντο	obl	high	Object of ἐπί.
6	τὰ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	7 ἱερὰ	det	high	Article with ἱερά.
7	ἱερὰ	ἱερός	ADJ	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	15 ἠμύνοντο	obj	medium	Likely substantivized adjective, object of ἠμύνοντο.
8	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	14 ἐπαναβαίνοντες	cc	medium	Coordinating conjunction linking two participial phrases.
9	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	_	_	10 πάντα	case	high	Preposition governing accusative.
10	πάντα	πᾶς	ADJ	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	14 ἐπαναβαίνοντες	obl	medium	Adverbial/prepositional complement with ἐς.
11	ὁμοίως	ὁμοίως	ADV	_	_	14 ἐπαναβαίνοντες	advmod	high	Modifies the participle.
12	τὰ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	13 ὑψηλὰ	det	high	Article with ὑψηλά.
13	ὑψηλὰ	ὑψηλός	ADJ	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	14 ἐπαναβαίνοντες	obj	medium	Substantivized adjective governed by participle.
14	ἐπαναβαίνοντες	ἐπαναβαίνω	VERB	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	15 ἠμύνοντο	advcl	high	Circumstantial participle agreeing with subject οἱ Ἠλεῖοι.
15	ἠμύνοντο	ἀμύνω	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Main finite verb.
16	οἱ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	17 Ἠλεῖοι	det	high	Article with ethnonym.
17	Ἠλεῖοι	Ἠλεῖος	PROPN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	15 ἠμύνοντο	nsubj	high	Subject of ἠμύνοντο.
18	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	15 ἠμύνοντο	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Sentence 2

5.20.5 sentence 2

Tokens: 14
Input: 725
Output: 1,088
Total: 1,813

οὗτος δʼ οὖν ὁ ἀνὴρ ἐφαίνετο ἡμῖν ὑποδῦναι μὲν ἐνταῦθα λιποψυχήσας ὑπὸ τραυμάτων·

The infinitival clause ὑποδῦναι μὲν ἐνταῦθα is dependent on ἐφαίνετο, with the participial phrase λιποψυχήσας ὑπὸ τραυμάτων attached as a circumstantial modifier.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	οὗτος	οὗτος	PRON	PPro-Dem-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	6 ἐφαίνετο	nsubj	high	Demonstrative pronoun modifying ἀνήρ as the subject.
2	δʼ	δέ	CCONJ	CONJ	_	6 ἐφαίνετο	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
3	οὖν	οὖν	PART	PRT	_	6 ἐφαίνετο	discourse	high	Inferential/discourse particle.
4	ὁ	ὁ	DET	T-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	5 ἀνὴρ	det	high	Article with ἀνήρ.
5	ἀνὴρ	ἀνήρ	NOUN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 ἐφαίνετο	nsubj	high	Subject of ἐφαίνετο.
6	ἐφαίνετο	φαίνομαι	VERB	V-IXMI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb.
7	ἡμῖν	ἐγώ	PRON	P-1DP	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs	6 ἐφαίνετο	iobj	high	Dative of reference/experiencer with φαίνομαι.
8	ὑποδῦναι	ὑποδύω	VERB	V-AAN	Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Act	6 ἐφαίνετο	xcomp	high	Complementary infinitive.
9	μὲν	μέν	PART	PRT	_	8 ὑποδῦναι	discourse	high	Correlative particle linked to the infinitival clause.
10	ἐνταῦθα	ἐνταῦθα	ADV	D--------	_	8 ὑποδῦναι	advmod	high	Locative adverb modifying the infinitive.
11	λιποψυχήσας	λιποψυχέω	VERB	V-AAP-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Act	8 ὑποδῦναι	advcl	high	Circumstantial participle, nominative masculine singular agreeing with subject.
12	ὑπὸ	ὑπό	ADP	R	_	13 τραυμάτων	case	high	Preposition governing genitive.
13	τραυμάτων	τραῦμα	NOUN	N-GPN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	11 λιποψυχήσας	obl	high	Genitive object of ὑπό expressing cause/agency.
14	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	6 ἐφαίνετο	punct	high	Sentence punctuation.

Sentence 3

5.20.5 sentence 3

Tokens: 26
Input: 835
Output: 1,819
Total: 2,654

ὡς δὲ ἀφῆκε τὴν ψυχήν, οὐκ ἔμελλεν ἄρα οὔτε πνῖγος θέρους οὔτε ἐν χειμῶνι κρυμὸς ἔσεσθαι τῷ νεκρῷ βλάβος ἅτε ἐν σκέπῃ πάσῃ κειμένῳ.

The clause after ἔμελλεν contains two coordinated future-infinitival subjects/predicates, with a participial phrase modifying νεκρῷ; some attachment choices are syntactically loose in the Greek.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ὡς	ὡς	SCONJ	Nb	_	3 ἀφῆκε	mark	high	Introduces temporal clause.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	G	_	3 ἀφῆκε	discourse	high	Postpositive connective.
3	ἀφῆκε	ἀφίημι	VERB	V-3AAI-S--	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	8 ἔμελλεν	advcl	high	Temporal subordinate clause verb.
4	τὴν	ὁ	DET	RA-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	5 ψυχήν	det	high	Article with ψυχήν.
5	ψυχήν	ψυχή	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	3 ἀφῆκε	obj	high	Object of ἀφῆκε.
6	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	3 ἀφῆκε	punct	high	Punctuation.
7	οὐκ	οὐ	PART	D	_	8 ἔμελλεν	advmod	high	Negative particle.
8	ἔμελλεν	μέλλω	VERB	V-3IAI-S--	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Matrix predicate.
9	ἄρα	ἄρα	PART	D	_	8 ἔμελλεν	discourse	high	Inferential particle.
10	οὔτε	οὔτε	CCONJ	G	_	20 βλάβος	cc	high	First correlative coordinator.
11	πνῖγος	πνῖγος	NOUN	N-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	20 βλάβος	nmod	high	Genitive dependent of βλάβος.
12	θέρους	θέρος	NOUN	N-GSN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	11 πνῖγος	nmod	high	Genitive dependent of πνῖγος.
13	οὔτε	οὔτε	CCONJ	G	_	16 κρυμὸς	cc	high	Second correlative coordinator.
14	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R	_	15 χειμῶνι	case	high	Preposition.
15	χειμῶνι	χειμών	NOUN	N-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	16 κρυμὸς	obl	high	Prepositional modifier of κρυμὸς.
16	κρυμὸς	κρυμός	NOUN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	20 βλάβος	nmod	medium	Likely coordinated with πνῖγος as another genitive-like modifier in sense; surface case nominative, but syntax is somewhat loose.
17	ἔσεσθαι	εἰμί	AUX	V-FMN	Tense=Fut\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Mid	8 ἔμελλεν	xcomp	high	Complement of ἔμελλεν.
18	τῷ	ὁ	DET	RA-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	19 νεκρῷ	det	high	Article with νεκρῷ.
19	νεκρῷ	νεκρός	NOUN	A-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	25 κειμένῳ	obl	high	Dative associated with participial phrase.
20	βλάβος	βλάβος	NOUN	N-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	17 ἔσεσθαι	xcomp	high	Predicative nominative with future infinitive.
21	ἅτε	ἅτε	SCONJ	G	_	25 κειμένῳ	mark	high	Causal/comparative marker for participial clause.
22	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R	_	23 σκέπῃ	case	high	Preposition.
23	σκέπῃ	σκέπη	NOUN	N-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	25 κειμένῳ	obl	high	Object of ἐν.
24	πάσῃ	πᾶς	ADJ	A-DSF	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	23 σκέπῃ	amod	high	Modifies σκέπῃ.
25	κειμένῳ	κεῖμαι	VERB	V-PPP-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	19 νεκρῷ	amod	high	Participial modifier of νεκρῷ.
26	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	8 ἔμελλεν	punct	high	Punctuation.

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