Grammar parses for passage 5.23.4
Open translation for this passage
ταύτας ἐποιήσαντο Ἀθηναῖοι παραστησάμενοι τὸ δεύτερον Εὔβοιαν, ἔτει τρίτῳ τῆς τρίτης πρὸς τὰς ὀγδοήκοντα Ὀλυμπιάδος, ἣν Κρίσων Ἱμεραῖος ἐνίκα στάδιον.
The main clause is straightforward, but the χρονικός phrase around ἔτει τρίτῳ τῆς τρίτης πρὸς τὰς ὀγδοήκοντα Ὀλυμπιάδος is somewhat elliptical and could be analyzed with slightly different internal attachments.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταύτας | οὗτος | PRON | PD-FPA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 2 ἐποιήσαντο | obj | high | Direct object of ἐποιήσαντο. |
| 2 | ἐποιήσαντο | ποιέω | VERB | V-AMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 3 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 2 ἐποιήσαντο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐποιήσαντο. |
| 4 | παραστησάμενοι | παρίστημι | VERB | V-AMP-PNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 2 ἐποιήσαντο | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying the main clause. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSA | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 δεύτερον | det | high | Article with δεύτερον. |
| 6 | δεύτερον | δεύτερος | ADJ | A-NSA | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 Εὔβοιαν | amod | high | Adverbial accusative modifying Εὔβοιαν. |
| 7 | Εὔβοιαν | Εὔβοια | PROPN | N-SFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 παραστησάμενοι | obj | medium | Object/complement of παραστησάμενοι; syntax somewhat context-dependent. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἐποιήσαντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | ἔτει | ἔτος | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 2 ἐποιήσαντο | obl | high | Dative of time when. |
| 10 | τρίτῳ | τρίτος | ADJ | A-DSN | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἔτει | amod | high | Modifies ἔτει. |
| 11 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 τρίτης | det | high | Article with τρίτης. |
| 12 | τρίτης | τρίτος | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 Ὀλυμπιάδος | amod | high | Modifies Ὀλυμπιάδος. |
| 13 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R | _ | 15 ὀγδοήκοντα | case | high | Preposition governing τὰς ὀγδοήκοντα. |
| 14 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-FA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 ὀγδοήκοντα | det | high | Article with ὀγδοήκοντα. |
| 15 | ὀγδοήκοντα | ὀγδοήκοντα | NUM | M | NumType=Card | 16 Ὀλυμπιάδος | nummod | high | Numeral modifying Ὀλυμπιάδος. |
| 16 | Ὀλυμπιάδος | Ὀλυμπιάς | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἔτει | nmod | medium | Genitive phrase dependent on ἔτει; exact attachment of the χρονικός expression is somewhat compressed. |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἐποιήσαντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 18 | ἣν | ὅς | PRON | P-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 21 ἐνίκα | obj | high | Relative pronoun, object of ἐνίκα. |
| 19 | Κρίσων | Κρίσων | PROPN | NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἐνίκα | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐνίκα. |
| 20 | Ἱμεραῖος | Ἱμεραῖος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Κρίσων | amod | high | Epithet modifying Κρίσων. |
| 21 | ἐνίκα | νικάω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 16 Ὀλυμπιάδος | acl:relcl | high | Relative clause modifying Ὀλυμπιάδος. |
| 22 | στάδιον | στάδιον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 ἐνίκα | obj | high | Object of ἐνίκα. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἐποιήσαντο | punct | high | Punctuation. |
ἔστι δὲ ἐν ταῖς συνθήκαις καὶ τόδε εἰρημένον, εἰρήνης μὲν τῆς Ἀθηναίων καὶ Λακεδαιμονίων τῇ Ἀργείων μὴ μετεῖναι πόλει, ἰδίᾳ δὲ Ἀθηναίους καὶ Ἀργείους, ἢν ἐθέλωσιν, ἐπιτηδείως ἔχειν πρὸς ἀλλήλους.
The sentence is an ἔστι + participle construction introducing a list of infinitival provisions; the first infinitive clause is somewhat compressed, especially around τῇ Ἀργείων μὴ μετεῖναι πόλει.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-3SPIA- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential main verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 1 ἔστι | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 συνθήκαις | case | high | Preposition governing dative. |
| 4 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | l-p---fd- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 5 συνθήκαις | det | high | Article modifying συνθήκαις. |
| 5 | συνθήκαις | συνθήκη | NOUN | n-p---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 ἔστι | obl | high | Locative oblique with ἐν. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 7 τόδε | cc | high | Connects τόδε with implied/previous element. |
| 7 | τόδε | τόδε | PRON | pd-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 1 ἔστι | nsubj | medium | Likely subject of ἔστι; deictic pronoun used substantively. |
| 8 | εἰρημένον | λέγω | VERB | V--sppnne- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 7 τόδε | acl | high | Perfect participle modifying τόδε. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 εἰρημένον | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 10 | εἰρήνης | εἰρήνη | NOUN | n-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 μετεῖναι | obj | medium | Genitive with μετεῖναι; construed as object/partitive content in indirect statement. |
| 11 | μὲν | μέν | PART | g-------- | _ | 10 εἰρήνης | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 12 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | l-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 Ἀθηναίων | det | high | Article. |
| 13 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | n-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 εἰρήνης | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on εἰρήνης. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 15 Λακεδαιμονίων | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 15 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | n-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 Ἀθηναίων | conj | high | Conjunct to Ἀθηναίων. |
| 16 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | l-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 17 Ἀργείων | det | high | Article. |
| 17 | Ἀργείων | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | n-p---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 19 μετεῖναι | nsubj | medium | Genitive modifier within the clause; syntax is compressed/elliptical. |
| 18 | μὴ | μή | PART | g-------- | _ | 19 μετεῖναι | advmod | high | Negation with infinitive. |
| 19 | μετεῖναι | μέτεμι | VERB | V--ana--- | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 8 εἰρημένον | xcomp | high | Infinitival complement of εἰρημένον. |
| 20 | πόλει | πόλις | NOUN | n-s---fd- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 μετεῖναι | obl | high | Dative with μετεῖναι. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 μετεῖναι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 22 | ἰδίᾳ | ἴδιος | ADV | d-------- | _ | 32 ἔχειν | advmod | medium | Adverbial use of adjective meaning 'separately/privately'. |
| 23 | δὲ | δέ | PART | g-------- | _ | 22 ἰδίᾳ | discourse | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 24 | Ἀθηναίους | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | n-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 ἔχειν | obj | high | Object of ἔχειν. |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | c-------- | _ | 26 Ἀργείους | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 26 | Ἀργείους | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | n-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 Ἀθηναίους | conj | high | Conjunct to Ἀθηναίους. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 32 ἔχειν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 28 | ἢν | ἐάν | SCONJ | c-------- | _ | 29 ἐθέλωσιν | mark | high | Conditional particle. |
| 29 | ἐθέλωσιν | ἐθέλω | VERB | V-3PSSA- | Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 32 ἔχειν | advcl | high | Conditional subordinate clause. |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 ἐθέλωσιν | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 31 | ἐπιτηδείως | ἐπιτηδείως | ADV | d-------- | _ | 32 ἔχειν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἔχειν. |
| 32 | ἔχειν | ἔχω | VERB | V--ana--- | Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 19 μετεῖναι | conj | high | Second infinitival predicate coordinated with μετεῖναι. |
| 33 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | r-------- | _ | 34 ἀλλήλους | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 34 | ἀλλήλους | ἀλλήλων | PRON | a-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rcp | 32 ἔχειν | obl | high | Reciprocal object of πρὸς. |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
αὗται μὲν λέγουσι τοιαῦτα αἱ συνθῆκαι.
Simple main clause; αὗται and αἱ συνθῆκαι are co-referential/closely appositional subjects of λέγουσι, with μέν marking the first correlative member.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | αὗται | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-p---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Dem | 3 λέγουσι | nsubj | high | Demonstrative pronoun used substantively as subject. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G--------- | _ | 3 λέγουσι | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V3PPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 4 | τοιαῦτα | τοιοῦτος | PRON | Pd-p---na- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 3 λέγουσι | obj | high | Demonstrative adjective/pronoun functioning as direct object. |
| 5 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | L-p---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 συνθῆκαι | det | high | Article modifying συνθῆκαι. |
| 6 | συνθῆκαι | συνθήκη | NOUN | Nb-p---fn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 3 λέγουσι | nsubj | high | Nominative plural subject; apposed to αὗται. |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 λέγουσι | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
Διὸς δὲ ἄλλο ἄγαλμα παρὰ τὸ ἅρμα.
Fragmentary nominal sentence with an elliptic copula; παρὰ τὸ ἅρμα is a prepositional modifier of ἄγαλμα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Διὸς | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-S---MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent of ἄγαλμα; possessive/source relation. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | G-------- | _ | 4 ἄγαλμα | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 3 | ἄλλο | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-NS---NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἄγαλμα | amod | high | Attributive adjective agreeing with ἄγαλμα. |
| 4 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N-AS---NN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main predicate nominal; ellipted/copular sentence fragment. |
| 5 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 4 ἄγαλμα | case | high | Introduces prepositional phrase. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | L-NS---NN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 ἅρμα | det | high | Article modifying ἅρμα. |
| 7 | ἅρμα | ἅρμα | NOUN | N-AS---NN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἄγαλμα | obl | high | Object of preposition παρὰ. |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἄγαλμα | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |