Grammar parses for passage 5.23.4
Open translation for this passage
ἔστι δὲ πρὸ τοῦ Διὸς τούτου στήλη χαλκῆ, Λακεδαιμονίων καὶ Ἀθηναίων συνθήκας ἔχουσα εἰρήνης ἐς τριάκοντα ἐτῶν ἀριθμόν.
Existential ἔστι introduces στήλη; χαλκῆ is predicative/attributive. The participial phrase modifies στήλη, with συνθήκας as its object and εἰρήνης dependent on συνθήκας; ἐς τριάκοντα ἐτῶν ἀριθμόν expresses the duration/count of the peace treaty. The exact attachment of ἀριθμόν is somewhat idiomatic.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 7 στήλη | root | high | Existential present. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔστι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | πρὸ | πρό | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 στήλη | case | high | Takes the genitive phrase τοῦ Διὸς τούτου. |
| 4 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Διὸς | det | high | |
| 5 | Διὸς | Ζεύς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 πρὸ | obl | high | Genitive complement of πρό. |
| 6 | τούτου | οὗτος | DET | D-GSM | Case=Gen|Deixis=Dem|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Διὸς | det | high | Demonstrative modifying Διός. |
| 7 | στήλη | στήλη | NOUN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | nsubj | high | Subject of existential ἔστι. |
| 8 | χαλκῆ | χαλκοῦς | ADJ | A-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 στήλη | amod | high | Bronze, modifying στήλη. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἔχουσα | punct | high | |
| 10 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 13 συνθήκας | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on συνθήκας. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 Ἀθηναίων | cc | high | Coordinates the two genitives. |
| 12 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 Λακεδαιμονίων | conj | high | Coordinated with Λακεδαιμονίων. |
| 13 | συνθήκας | συνθήκη | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 14 ἔχουσα | obj | high | Object of ἔχουσα. |
| 14 | ἔχουσα | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 στήλη | acl | high | Circumstantial/attributive participle agreeing with στήλη. |
| 15 | εἰρήνης | εἰρήνη | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 συνθήκας | nmod | medium | Genitive specifying the kind/content of the συνθήκας. |
| 16 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 19 ἀριθμόν | case | high | Introduces the duration/count phrase. |
| 17 | τριάκοντα | τριάκοντα | NUM | N-AN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 18 ἐτῶν | nummod | high | Cardinal numeral modifying ἐτῶν. |
| 18 | ἐτῶν | ἔτος | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 19 ἀριθμόν | nmod | high | Genitive of measure with ἀριθμόν. |
| 19 | ἀριθμόν | ἀριθμός | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 εἰρήνης | nmod | medium | Idiomatic accusative phrase governed semantically by εἰρήνης; attachment to συνθήκας is also possible. |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἔστι | punct | high |
ταύτας ἐποιήσαντο Ἀθηναῖοι παραστησάμενοι τὸ δεύτερον Εὔβοιαν, ἔτει τρίτῳ τῆς τρίτης πρὸς τὰς ὀγδοήκοντα Ὀλυμπιάδος, ἣν Κρίσων Ἱμεραῖος ἐνίκα στάδιον.
Ταύτας is the object of ἐποιήσαντο, with παραστησάμενοι expressing the prior circumstance; τὸ δεύτερον Εὔβοιαν is an accusative appositional/predicative phrase. The dating phrase is syntactically elliptical, and ἣν refers to Ὀλυμπιάδος, with στάδιον as the event won.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ταύτας | οὗτος | PRON | PD-AF3P | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 2 ἐποιήσαντο | obj | high | |
| 2 | ἐποιήσαντο | ποιέω | VERB | V-AMI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Middle voice means 'made/established for themselves'. |
| 3 | Ἀθηναῖοι | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 2 ἐποιήσαντο | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | παραστησάμενοι | παρίστημι | VERB | V-AMP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 2 ἐποιήσαντο | advcl | high | Conjunct participle, agreeing with Ἀθηναῖοι. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 δεύτερον | det | high | |
| 6 | δεύτερον | δεύτερος | ADJ | A-ASN | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 Εὔβοιαν | amod | high | Substantivized ordinal modifying the elliptical event/object phrase. |
| 7 | Εὔβοιαν | Εὔβοια | PROPN | N-AF-S | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 2 ἐποιήσαντο | obj | medium | Accusative apposition/predicative complement with τὸ δεύτερον; exact construction is elliptical. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἐποιήσαντο | punct | high | |
| 9 | ἔτει | ἔτος | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 2 ἐποιήσαντο | obl | high | Dative of time. |
| 10 | τρίτῳ | τρίτος | ADJ | A-DSN | Case=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 ἔτει | amod | high | |
| 11 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 τρίτης | det | high | |
| 12 | τρίτης | τρίτος | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 Ὀλυμπιάδος | amod | medium | Substantivized/elliptical ordinal in the chronological phrase. |
| 13 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-A | AdpType=Prep | 15 ὀγδοήκοντα | case | high | |
| 14 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 15 ὀγδοήκοντα | det | high | |
| 15 | ὀγδοήκοντα | ὀγδοήκοντα | NUM | M-AFA | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|NumType=Card|Number=Plur | 16 Ὀλυμπιάδος | nummod | high | Cardinal modifying Ὀλυμπιάδος through the article phrase. |
| 16 | Ὀλυμπιάδος | Ὀλυμπιάς | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 ἔτει | nmod | high | |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἐποιήσαντο | punct | high | |
| 18 | ἣν | ὅς | PRON | P-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 21 ἐνίκα | obj | high | Relative pronoun referring to Ὀλυμπιάς. |
| 19 | Κρίσων | Κρίσων | PROPN | N-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἐνίκα | nsubj | high | |
| 20 | Ἱμεραῖος | Ἱμεραῖος | PROPN | A-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 19 Κρίσων | appos | high | Ethnic/name apposition to Κρίσων. |
| 21 | ἐνίκα | νικάω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 16 Ὀλυμπιάδος | acl:relcl | high | |
| 22 | στάδιον | στάδιον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 21 ἐνίκα | obj | high | Accusative of the event won, 'the stadion race'. |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 2 ἐποιήσαντο | punct | high |
ἔστι δὲ ἐν ταῖς συνθήκαις καὶ τόδε εἰρημένον, εἰρήνης μὲν τῆς Ἀθηναίων καὶ Λακεδαιμονίων τῇ Ἀργείων μὴ μετεῖναι πόλει, ἰδίᾳ δὲ Ἀθηναίους καὶ Ἀργείους, ἢν ἐθέλωσιν, ἐπιτηδείως ἔχειν πρὸς ἀλλήλους.
Impersonal ἔστι with a nominative/participial predicate introduces the content εἰρημένον; the genitive absolute-like phrase εἰρήνης ... and infinitives μετεῖναι/ἔχειν express the terms of the agreement. The dative πόλει is the experiencer/recipient with μετεῖναι; Ἀθηναίους καὶ Ἀργείους are accusative subjects of ἔχειν. ἢν is conditional ἐάν with subjunctive.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔστι | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 εἰρημένον | cop | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 8 εἰρημένον | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 συνθήκαις | case | high | |
| 4 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | -----DFP- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 συνθήκαις | det | high | |
| 5 | συνθήκαις | συνθήκη | NOUN | ----DFP- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 εἰρημένον | obl | high | |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 7 τόδε | cc | high | |
| 7 | τόδε | ὅδε | PRON | PDNSN--------- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 8 εἰρημένον | nsubj | medium | Neuter demonstrative is the notional subject of εἰρημένον. |
| 8 | εἰρημένον | λέγω | VERB | V-RMPNSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Perf|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | high | Predicate participle with copular ἔστι. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 εἰρημένον | punct | high | |
| 10 | εἰρήνης | εἰρήνη | NOUN | ----GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 μετεῖναι | obl | medium | Genitive dependent on μετεῖναι, with τῆς Ἀθηναίων καὶ Λακεδαιμονίων specifying the peace. |
| 11 | μὲν | μέν | PART | -------- | _ | 10 εἰρήνης | discourse | high | |
| 12 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | -----GFS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 εἰρήνης | det | high | |
| 13 | Ἀθηναίων | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 Λακεδαιμονίων | nmod | high | Genitive coordinate complement within the phrase modifying εἰρήνης. |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 15 Λακεδαιμονίων | cc | high | |
| 15 | Λακεδαιμονίων | Λακεδαιμόνιος | PROPN | A-----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 εἰρήνης | nmod | high | |
| 16 | τῇ | ὁ | DET | -----DFS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 Ἀργείων | det | high | |
| 17 | Ἀργείων | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | A-----GPM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 20 πόλει | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of πόλει; article τῇ is attracted/associated with the understood feminine noun. |
| 18 | μὴ | μή | PART | T-------- | Polarity=Neg | 19 μετεῖναι | advmod | high | |
| 19 | μετεῖναι | μέτειμι | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 εἰρημένον | xcomp | high | Infinitive stating the first agreement term. |
| 20 | πόλει | πόλις | NOUN | ----DFS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 19 μετεῖναι | iobj | high | Dative of the city/person affected by μετεῖναι. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 μετεῖναι | punct | high | |
| 22 | ἰδίᾳ | ἴδιος | ADV | A-----FS- | Degree=Pos | 32 ἔχειν | advmod | high | Adverbial use: separately/individually. |
| 23 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 32 ἔχειν | cc | high | |
| 24 | Ἀθηναίους | Ἀθηναῖος | PROPN | A-----APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 32 ἔχειν | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of infinitive ἔχειν. |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | -------- | _ | 26 Ἀργείους | cc | high | |
| 26 | Ἀργείους | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | A-----APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 Ἀθηναίους | conj | high | Coordinated accusative subject of ἔχειν. |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 32 ἔχειν | punct | high | |
| 28 | ἢν | ἐάν | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 29 ἐθέλωσιν | mark | high | Contracted/poetic form of ἐάν. |
| 29 | ἐθέλωσιν | ἐθέλω | VERB | V-PAS-3P | Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 32 ἔχειν | advcl | high | Conditional clause; subject is understood as Athenians and Argives. |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 ἐθέλωσιν | punct | high | |
| 31 | ἐπιτηδείως | ἐπιτήδειος | ADV | A-------- | Degree=Pos | 32 ἔχειν | advmod | high | |
| 32 | ἔχειν | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 8 εἰρημένον | xcomp | high | Second infinitival agreement term. |
| 33 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | R-------- | _ | 34 ἀλλήλους | case | high | |
| 34 | ἀλλήλους | ἀλλήλων | PRON | P-----APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Rcp | 32 ἔχειν | obl | high | Reciprocal object of πρὸς. |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 εἰρημένον | punct | high |
αὗται μὲν λέγουσι τοιαῦτα αἱ συνθῆκαι.
The demonstrative αὗται is the feminine plural subject of λέγουσι, while αἱ συνθῆκαι is a postposed subject/appositional clarification; τοιαῦτα is the neuter plural object/predicate content of λέγουσι.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | αὗται | οὗτος | PRON | PD--NF3P- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 3 λέγουσι | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 3 λέγουσι | discourse | high | Correlative particle; counterpart is not expressed in this sentence. |
| 3 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | τοιαῦτα | τοιοῦτος | PRON | PD--NA3P- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Dem | 3 λέγουσι | obj | medium | Neuter plural content object; could be construed as a predicative complement in a looser analysis. |
| 5 | αἱ | ὁ | DET | RA--NF3P- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 6 συνθῆκαι | det | high | |
| 6 | συνθῆκαι | συνθήκη | NOUN | N--NF3P- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 3 λέγουσι | nsubj | medium | Postposed lexical subject, apparently identifying or clarifying αὗται. |
| 7 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 λέγουσι | punct | high |
Διὸς δὲ ἄλλο ἄγαλμα παρὰ τὸ ἅρμα.
Elliptical nominal clause: “another statue of Zeus beside the chariot”; the copula/predicate relation is implicit. The prepositional phrase παρὰ τὸ ἅρμα modifies ἄγαλμα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Διὸς | Ζεύς | PROPN | N---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἄγαλμα | nmod | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 ἄγαλμα | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἄλλο | ἄλλος | ADJ | A---NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἄγαλμα | amod | high | |
| 4 | ἄγαλμα | ἄγαλμα | NOUN | N---NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Root of an elliptical nominal clause; implicit copula/predicate context. |
| 5 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 ἅρμα | case | high | Here governing accusative with spatial meaning ‘beside’. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T---ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἅρμα | det | high | |
| 7 | ἅρμα | ἅρμα | NOUN | N---ASN- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἄγαλμα | obl | high | |
| 8 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἄγαλμα | punct | high |