Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 6.1.2

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Passage 6.1.2

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3sentences parsed

72Greek tokens

2,432input tokens

5,392output tokens

Sentence 1

6.1.2 sentence 1

Tokens: 25
Input: 801
Output: 1,885
Total: 2,686

τούτους ἐκέλευσεν ἀφεῖναί με ὁ λόγος, ὅτι οὐ κατάλογός ἐστιν ἀθλητῶν ὁπόσοις γεγόνασιν Ὀλυμπικαὶ νῖκαι, ἀναθημάτων δὲ ἄλλων τε καὶ εἰκόνων συγγραφή.

The sentence is a compressed nominal explanation: ὁ λόγος ἐκέλευσεν ἀφεῖναι με, followed by ὅτι-clause; the final συγγραφή phrase is coordinated/contrasted with κατάλογος, with copular structure partly understood.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	τούτους	οὗτος	PRON	PD-AAM	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	3 ἀφεῖναί	obj	medium	Accusative masculine plural demonstrative; object of ἀφεῖναι.
2	ἐκέλευσεν	κελεύω	VERB	V-AAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	6 λόγος	acl	medium	Aorist finite verb, with ὁ λόγος as postposed subject.
3	ἀφεῖναί	ἀφίημι	VERB	V-2AAI-INF	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	2 ἐκέλευσεν	xcomp	high	Aorist active infinitive dependent on ἐκέλευσεν.
4	με	ἐγώ	PRON	P-1AS	Case=Acc\|Number=Sing\|Person=1	3 ἀφεῖναί	obj	high	Accusative first-person pronoun, object of ἀφεῖναι.
5	ὁ	ὁ	DET	RA-NMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 λόγος	det	high
6	λόγος	λόγος	NOUN	N-NMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	0 ROOT	root	medium	Predicate/main subject-like noun governing ἐκέλευσεν; copular-like formulation is compressed.
7	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	6 λόγος	punct	high
8	ὅτι	ὅτι	SCONJ	C	_	10 κατάλογός	mark	high	Introduces explanatory clause.
9	οὐ	οὐ	PART	D	Polarity=Neg	10 κατάλογός	advmod	high
10	κατάλογός	κατάλογος	NOUN	N-NMS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	6 λόγος	ccomp	medium	Nominal predicate in explanatory clause, with omitted/copular ἐστίν understood.
11	ἐστιν	εἰμί	AUX	V-PAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	10 κατάλογός	cop	high
12	ἀθλητῶν	ἀθλητής	NOUN	N-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	10 κατάλογός	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on κατάλογος.
13	ὁπόσοις	ὁπόσος	PRON	PR-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	14 γεγόνασιν	obl	medium	Dative plural relative/interrogative form, referring to persons; likely dative with γεγόνασιν in the sense of 'for whom'.
14	γεγόνασιν	γίγνομαι	VERB	V-RAI-3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Act	16 νῖκαι	acl:relcl	medium	Perfect active form, though semantic interpretation is 'have occurred/come to be'; governs the relative clause.
15	Ὀλυμπικαὶ	Ὀλυμπικός	ADJ	A-NPF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	16 νῖκαι	amod	high
16	νῖκαι	νίκη	NOUN	N-NPF	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	10 κατάλογός	nsubj	medium	Subject of ἐστίν; the relative clause modifies νῖκαι.
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	24 συγγραφή	punct	high
18	ἀναθημάτων	ἀνάθημα	NOUN	N-GPN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	24 συγγραφή	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on συγγραφή.
19	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C	_	24 συγγραφή	cc	high	Coordinates/contrasts the following nominal predicate.
20	ἄλλων	ἄλλος	ADJ	A-GPN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	18 ἀναθημάτων	amod	high	Genitive neuter plural adjective modifying ἀναθημάτων.
21	τε	τε	CCONJ	C	_	20 ἄλλων	cc	high	First member of τε...καί coordination.
22	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C	_	23 εἰκόνων	cc	high	Second coordinator, linking εἰκόνων with the preceding genitive.
23	εἰκόνων	εἰκών	NOUN	N-GPF	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	18 ἀναθημάτων	conj	high	Coordinated genitive with ἀναθημάτων.
24	συγγραφή	συγγραφή	NOUN	N-NFS	Case=Nom\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 λόγος	conj	medium	Second coordinated nominal predicate/subject-like phrase, contrasted by δέ.
25	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	6 λόγος	punct	high

Sentence 2

6.1.2 sentence 2

Tokens: 25
Input: 831
Output: 1,804
Total: 2,635

οὐδὲ ὁπόσων ἑστήκασιν ἀνδριάντες, οὐδὲ τούτοις πᾶσιν ἐπέξειμι, ἐπιστάμενος ὅσοι τῷ παραλόγῳ τοῦ κλήρου καὶ οὐχ ὑπὸ ἰσχύος ἀνείλοντο ἤδη τὸν κότινον·

The sentence has an elliptical οὐδὲ-clause: ὁπόσων ... ἀνδριάντες depends on the understood object/domain of ἐπέξειμι; ἐπιστάμενος introduces the reason, with ὅσοι referring to persons whose wreaths were obtained by lot rather than strength. The perfect ἑστήκασιν is stative, and ἀνείλοντο is aorist middle.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	οὐδὲ	οὐδέ	CCONJ	_	_	9 ἐπέξειμι	cc	high
2	ὁπόσων	ὁπόσος	PRON	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	4 ἀνδριάντες	det	medium	Genitive quantifying the understood number/domain of statues; exact attachment is elliptical.
3	ἑστήκασιν	ἵστημι	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Act	4 ἀνδριάντες	acl	high	Stative perfect, ‘stand’.
4	ἀνδριάντες	ἀνδριάς	NOUN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	9 ἐπέξειμι	nsubj	medium	Subject of an elliptical relative/quantificational clause associated with ἐπέξειμι.
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	9 ἐπέξειμι	punct	high
6	οὐδὲ	οὐδέ	CCONJ	_	_	9 ἐπέξειμι	cc	high
7	τούτοις	οὗτος	PRON	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	9 ἐπέξειμι	obl	high	Dative with ἐπέξειμι, ‘go through/deal with these’.
8	πᾶσιν	πᾶς	ADJ	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	7 τούτοις	amod	high
9	ἐπέξειμι	ἐπέξειμι	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high
10	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	9 ἐπέξειμι	punct	high
11	ἐπιστάμενος	ἐπίσταμαι	VERB	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	9 ἐπέξειμι	advcl	high	Circumstantial/causal participle agreeing with the first-person subject.
12	ὅσοι	ὅσος	PRON	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	21 ἀνείλοντο	nsubj	medium	Relative/quantificational subject of ἀνείλοντο; antecedent is understood men/persons.
13	τῷ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	14 παραλόγῳ	det	high
14	παραλόγῳ	παράλογος	ADJ	_	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	21 ἀνείλοντο	obl	high	Substantivized adjective, ‘the irrational/chance element’.
15	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	16 κλήρου	det	high
16	κλήρου	κλῆρος	NOUN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 παραλόγῳ	nmod	high	Genitive dependent on παραλόγῳ: the chance/irrationality of the lot.
17	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	20 ἰσχύος	cc	high
18	οὐχ	οὐ	PART	_	_	20 ἰσχύος	advmod	high	Negative particle with ὑπὸ ἰσχύος.
19	ὑπὸ	ὑπό	ADP	_	_	20 ἰσχύος	case	high
20	ἰσχύος	ἰσχύς	NOUN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	21 ἀνείλοντο	obl	high	Agent/cause phrase with ὑπό.
21	ἀνείλοντο	ἀναιρέω	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Mid	11 ἐπιστάμενος	ccomp	high	Aorist middle, ‘obtained/won’; clause complement of ἐπιστάμενος.
22	ἤδη	ἤδη	ADV	_	_	21 ἀνείλοντο	advmod	high
23	τὸν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	24 κότινον	det	high
24	κότινον	κότινος	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	21 ἀνείλοντο	obj	high	The wild-olive victory wreath.
25	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	9 ἐπέξειμι	punct	high

Sentence 3

6.1.2 sentence 3

Tokens: 22
Input: 800
Output: 1,703
Total: 2,503

ὁπόσοις δὲ ἢ αὐτοῖς τι εἶχεν ἐς δόξαν ἢ καὶ τοῖς ἀνδριᾶσιν ὑπῆρχεν ἄμεινον ἑτέρων πεποιῆσθαι, τοσαῦτα καὶ αὐτὸς μνησθήσομαι.

Relative-correlative construction: ὁπόσοις introduces the dative group, with two coordinated clauses; ἄμεινον is a predicative comparative with πεποιῆσθαι, while τοσαῦτα is the object of μνησθήσομαι.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ὁπόσοις	ὁπόσος	PRON	A-????-DPN	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur	6 εἶχεν	obl	medium	Dative relative-correlative pronoun; gender is syncretic/uncertain in form.
2	δὲ	δέ	CCONJ	C--------	_	6 εἶχεν	cc	high
3	ἢ	ἤ	CCONJ	C--------	_	6 εἶχεν	cc	high	Coordinates the two alternatives.
4	αὐτοῖς	αὐτός	PRON	P-????-DPN	Case=Dat\|Number=Plur	6 εἶχεν	obl	high	Dative of interest/possession with εἶχεν.
5	τι	τις	PRON	P-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	6 εἶχεν	nsubj	medium	Indefinite neuter subject or substantival subject of εἶχεν.
6	εἶχεν	ἔχω	VERB	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	21 μνησθήσομαι	advcl	high	Finite verb in the first ἤ-clause.
7	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R--------	_	8 δόξαν	case	high
8	δόξαν	δόξα	NOUN	N-ASF	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 εἶχεν	obl	high	Prepositional complement; εἰς δόξαν means for distinction/glory.
9	ἢ	ἤ	CCONJ	C--------	_	13 ὑπῆρχεν	cc	high	Coordinates the second alternative clause.
10	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	11 τοῖς	advmod	high	Adverbial καί, modifying the second dative phrase.
11	τοῖς	ὁ	DET	L-DPN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	12 ἀνδριᾶσιν	det	high
12	ἀνδριᾶσιν	ἀνδριάς	NOUN	N-DPM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	13 ὑπῆρχεν	obl	high	Dative of interest/possession with ὑπῆρχεν.
13	ὑπῆρχεν	ὑπάρχω	VERB	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	6 εἶχεν	conj	high	Second coordinated finite clause; subject is ἄμεινον.
14	ἄμεινον	ἀμείνων	ADJ	A-NSN-C	Case=Nom\|Degree=Cmp\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	13 ὑπῆρχεν	nsubj	medium	Neuter comparative, predicative subject with implicit/elliptical τὸ; construed with πεποιῆσθαι.
15	ἑτέρων	ἕτερος	ADJ	A-GPM	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	16 πεποιῆσθαι	obl	medium	Genitive of comparison with ἄμεινον; gender/ellipsis reflects masculine persons or statues.
16	πεποιῆσθαι	ποιέω	VERB	V-RMN	Mood=Inf\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Inf\|Voice=Mid	13 ὑπῆρχεν	xcomp	medium	Perfect middle infinitive, complementary to the comparative predication; exact attachment is syntactically elliptical.
17	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	21 μνησθήσομαι	punct	high
18	τοσαῦτα	τοσοῦτος	PRON	A-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	21 μνησθήσομαι	obj	high	Correlative accusative object of μνησθήσομαι.
19	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	20 αὐτὸς	advmod	high	Adverbial καί, meaning also.
20	αὐτὸς	αὐτός	PRON	P-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	21 μνησθήσομαι	nsubj	high	Intensive pronoun, the author himself.
21	μνησθήσομαι	μιμνήσκω	VERB	V-FPI-1S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|Tense=Fut\|Voice=Pass	0 ROOT	root	high	Future passive in form, deponent/intransitive in meaning: I shall mention/remember.
22	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	21 μνησθήσομαι	punct	high

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