Grammar parses for passage 6.3.14
Open translation for this passage
Λύσανδρον δὲ τὸν Ἀριστοκρίτου Σπαρτιάτην ἀνέθεσαν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ Σάμιοι,
Λύσανδρον is the accusative object of ἀνέθεσαν, with τὸν ... Σπαρτιάτην forming the appositional noun phrase; Ἀριστοκρίτου is a genitive patronymic. The subject Σάμιοι follows the verb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λύσανδρον | Λύσανδρος | PROPN | N--ASM-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἀνέθεσαν | obj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 6 ἀνέθεσαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | RA--ASM-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Σπαρτιάτην | det | high | |
| 4 | Ἀριστοκρίτου | Ἀριστόκριτος | PROPN | N--GSM-- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Λύσανδρον | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive, ‘son of Aristocritus’. |
| 5 | Σπαρτιάτην | Σπαρτιάτης | NOUN | N--ASM-- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Λύσανδρον | appos | high | Apposition to Λύσανδρον; τὸν also modifies this noun. |
| 6 | ἀνέθεσαν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V--3PAAI-- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 7 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 8 Ὀλυμπίᾳ | case | high | |
| 8 | Ὀλυμπίᾳ | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | N--DSF-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 ἀνέθεσαν | obl | high | Locative use: at Olympia. |
| 9 | Σάμιοι | Σάμιος | PROPN | N--NPM-- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 ἀνέθεσαν | nsubj | high | The Samians are the agentive subject. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἀνέθεσαν | punct | high |
καὶ αὐτοῖς τὸ μὲν πρότερον τῶν ἐπιγραμμάτων ἐστὶν
The clause is elliptical: καὶ αὐτοῖς introduces a dative possessor/experiencer, while τὸ πρότερον τῶν ἐπιγραμμάτων is the neuter subject or substantivized phrase of ἐστίν; the predicate complement is omitted or understood from context.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 8 ἐστὶν | cc | high | |
| 2 | αὐτοῖς | αὐτός | PRON | A-DP | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἐστὶν | iobj | medium | Dative likely marks the persons for whom the statement holds or possession; antecedent is contextual. |
| 3 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Article substantivizing or determining πρότερον. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 πρότερον | advmod | high | Correlative particle, likely paired with an omitted or following δέ. |
| 5 | πρότερον | πρότερος | ADJ | A-S--NNS | Case=Nom|Degree=Cmp|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἐστὶν | nsubj | high | Neuter nominative singular, substantivized: “the earlier/previous one.” |
| 6 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 7 ἐπιγραμμάτων | nmod | high | |
| 7 | ἐπιγραμμάτων | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 πρότερον | nmod | high | Genitive partitive or specifying relation: “of the epigrams.” |
| 8 | ἐστὶν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular verb; predicate complement is elliptical. |
ἐν πολυθαήτῳ τεμένει Διὸς ὑψιμέδοντος ἕστηκʼ ἀνθέντων δημοσίᾳ Σαμίων·
The inscriptional clause has ἕστηκʼ as the finite predicate, with an understood/elliptical subject associated with Σαμίων; ἐν πολυθαήτῳ τεμένει governs the locative setting, Διὸς ὑψιμέδοντος is a genitive phrase, and ἀνθέντων δημοσίᾳ is syntactically difficult and annotated provisionally as a genitive absolute-like modifier with δημοσίᾳ adverbial.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R- | AdpType=Prep | 3 τεμένει | case | high | |
| 2 | πολυθαήτῳ | πολυθαής | ADJ | A- - -DS | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 τεμένει | amod | high | |
| 3 | τεμένει | τέμενος | NOUN | N- - -DS | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἕστηκʼ | obl | high | Locative with ἐν. |
| 4 | Διὸς | Ζεύς | PROPN | N- - -GS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 ὑψιμέδοντος | nmod | high | |
| 5 | ὑψιμέδοντος | ὑψιμέδων | ADJ | A- - -GS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 τεμένει | nmod | medium | Substantivized/epithetic genitive agreeing with Διός; relation within the genitive phrase is somewhat uncertain. |
| 6 | ἕστηκʼ | ἵστημι | VERB | V-RAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Apocopated ἕστηκεν, perfect active ‘stands/is erected’. |
| 7 | ἀνθέντων | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-APA-GP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 6 ἕστηκʼ | advcl | low | Form and construction are difficult; provisionally treated as a genitive plural participial adjunct, possibly connected with an understood genitive subject. |
| 8 | δημοσίᾳ | δημόσιος | ADV | A- - -DS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνθέντων | advmod | medium | Adverbial dative, ‘publicly/at public expense’; exact scope is uncertain. |
| 9 | Σαμίων | Σάμιος | PROPN | A- - -GP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 ἀνθέντων | nsubj | low | Genitive plural ethnic name; likely associated with ἀνθέντων, but the syntax of the inscription is uncertain. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 6 ἕστηκʼ | punct | high |
τοῦτο μὲν δὴ τοὺς τὸ ἀνάθημα ἀναθέντας μηνύει, τὸ δʼ ἐφεξῆς ἐς αὐτὸν ἔπαινός ἐστι Λύσανδρον·
The first clause has a substantivized accusative participial group τοὺς ... ἀναθέντας as the reported/understood subject of μηνύει; the second clause is coordinated, with τὸ ἐφεξῆς substantivized as the subject of ἔπαινός ἐστι and Λύσανδρον showing an unusual accusative construction.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | PDNSAN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 8 μηνύει | obj | high | Neuter demonstrative, object of μηνύει. |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 1 τοῦτο | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | PART | _ | 8 μηνύει | discourse | high | Emphatic particle. |
| 4 | τοὺς | ὁ | DET | T-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 ἀναθέντας | det | high | Article introducing substantivized participle. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 6 ἀνάθημα | det | high | Article with ἀνάθημα. |
| 6 | ἀνάθημα | ἀνάθημα | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἀναθέντας | obj | high | Object of ἀναθέντας. |
| 7 | ἀναθέντας | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | VPAPAPM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 8 μηνύει | csubj | medium | Substantivized aorist participle, subject-like accusative construction with μηνύει. |
| 8 | μηνύει | μηνύω | VERB | VPAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 μηνύει | punct | high | |
| 10 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 ἐφεξῆς | det | medium | Article substantivizing ἐφεξῆς. |
| 11 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 ἐφεξῆς | cc | high | Coordinating particle, elided form. |
| 12 | ἐφεξῆς | ἐφεξῆς | ADV | ADV | _ | 15 ἔπαινός | nsubj | medium | Substantivized adverbial expression, ‘what follows’; subject of ἐστίν. |
| 13 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | _ | 14 αὐτὸν | case | high | Preposition governing accusative. |
| 14 | αὐτὸν | αὐτός | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 15 ἔπαινός | obl | high | Object of preposition ἐς; refers to Lysander. |
| 15 | ἔπαινός | ἔπαινος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐστι | nsubj | high | Predicate subject/complement noun in verbless-style clause. |
| 16 | ἐστι | εἰμί | AUX | VPAI3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 8 μηνύει | conj | high | Finite verb coordinating the second clause. |
| 17 | Λύσανδρον | Λύσανδρος | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 ἔπαινός | appos | medium | Accusative proper name, likely retained with ἔπαινος as an accusative of reference or appositional identification. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 μηνύει | punct | high |
ἀθάνατον πάτρᾳ καὶ Ἀριστοκρίτῳ κλέος ἔργων, Λύσανδρʼ, ἐκτελέσας δόξαν ἔχεις ἀρετᾶς.
Poetic syntax is difficult: κλέος is treated as a nominative poetic object/predicative complement with dative recipients, while δόξαν is the clear accusative object of ἔχεις; πάτρᾳ may be dialectal or textually uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀθάνατον | ἀθάνατος | ADJ | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 κλέος | amod | medium | Neuter nominative singular modifying κλέος. |
| 2 | πάτρᾳ | πατήρ | NOUN | N-DSF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 5 κλέος | iobj | low | Form is dialectal/poetic and may represent πάτρᾳ, ‘to the fatherland’; syntactic interpretation uncertain. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 Ἀριστοκρίτῳ | cc | high | |
| 4 | Ἀριστοκρίτῳ | Ἀριστόκριτος | PROPN | Ne-DMS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 κλέος | iobj | medium | Dative proper name coordinated with πάτρᾳ; exact construction is poetic. |
| 5 | κλέος | κλέος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἔχεις | obj | medium | Object/complement associated with ἔχεις; nominative may reflect a poetic predicative construction. |
| 6 | ἔργων | ἔργον | NOUN | N-GPN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 5 κλέος | nmod | high | |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἔχεις | punct | high | |
| 8 | Λύσανδρʼ | Λύσανδρος | PROPN | Ne-Voc-S | Case=Voc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἔχεις | vocative | high | Apocopated/elided vocative form. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 Λύσανδρʼ | punct | high | |
| 10 | ἐκτελέσας | ἐκτελέω | VERB | V-AAPMSN | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 12 ἔχεις | advcl | high | Aorist active participle agreeing with the implied subject of ἔχεις. |
| 11 | δόξαν | δόξα | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἔχεις | obj | high | |
| 12 | ἔχεις | ἔχω | VERB | V-PAI2S | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | ἀρετᾶς | ἀρετή | NOUN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 δόξαν | nmod | high | |
| 14 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἔχεις | punct | high |
δῆλοι οὖν εἰσιν οἵ τε Σάμιοι καὶ οἱ ἄλλοι Ἴωνες,
Copular εἰσιν links the nominative predicate adjective δῆλοι with the coordinated subject οἵ τε Σάμιοι καὶ οἱ ἄλλοι Ἴωνες; οἵ and οἱ are article forms functioning substantivally.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | δῆλοι | δῆλος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 εἰσιν | xcomp | high | |
| 2 | οὖν | οὖν | ADV | D-------- | _ | 3 εἰσιν | advmod | high | |
| 3 | εἰσιν | εἰμί | VERB | V-PIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 4 | οἵ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 Σάμιοι | det | high | Substantival article, introducing the first coordinated subject. |
| 5 | τε | τε | CCONJ | G-------- | _ | 6 Σάμιοι | cc | high | |
| 6 | Σάμιοι | Σάμιος | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 εἰσιν | nsubj | high | |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 Ἴωνες | cc | high | |
| 8 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | RA-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 ἄλλοι | det | high | Substantival article, introducing the second coordinated subject phrase. |
| 9 | ἄλλοι | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 10 Ἴωνες | amod | high | |
| 10 | Ἴωνες | Ἴων | PROPN | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 Σάμιοι | conj | high | |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 3 εἰσιν | punct | high |