Pausanias Analysis

Grammar parses for passage 7.17.13

← 7.17.127.17.14 →

Passage 7.17.13

Open translation for this passage

4sentences parsed
80Greek tokens
3,044input tokens
6,084output tokens
Sentence 1

7.17.13 sentence 1

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ἐν δὲ τῇ χώρᾳ τῇ Δυμαίᾳ καὶ τοῦ δρομέως Οἰβώτα τάφος ἐστί·

Existential ἐστί is the root; τάφος is its nominative subject. ἐν governs the locative phrase τῇ χώρᾳ, modified by τῇ Δυμαίᾳ; καί coordinates the genitive τοῦ δρομέως with the proper name Οἰβώτα, both dependent on τάφος as a genitive apposition/identification phrase.

cc obl case amod cc nmod det det det conj nsubj punct root 1 ἐν ἐν / ADP 2 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 3 τῇ ὁ / DET 4 χώρᾳ χώρα / NOUN 5 τῇ ὁ / DET 6 Δυμαίᾳ Δυμαῖος / ADJ 7 καὶ καί / CCONJ 8 τοῦ ὁ / DET 9 δρομέως δρομεύς / NOUN 10 Οἰβώτα Οἰβώτας / PROPN 11 τάφος τάφος / NOUN 12 ἐστί εἰμί / VERB 13 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1ἐνἐνADPPREP_4 χώρᾳcasehigh
2δὲδέCCONJCONJ_12 ἐστίcchigh
3τῇDETT-DSFCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing4 χώρᾳdethigh
4χώρᾳχώραNOUNN-DSFCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing12 ἐστίoblhigh
5τῇDETT-DSFCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing6 Δυμαίᾳdethigh
6ΔυμαίᾳΔυμαῖοςADJA-DSFCase=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing4 χώρᾳamodhighAdjectival toponymic modifier, feminine dative singular.
7καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_9 δρομέωςcchigh
8τοῦDETT-GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing9 δρομέωςdethigh
9δρομέωςδρομεύςNOUNN-GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing11 τάφοςnmodhighGenitive identifying the deceased/owner associated with the tomb.
10ΟἰβώταΟἰβώταςPROPNN-GSMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing9 δρομέωςconjhighProper name in genitive singular; coordinated with τοῦ δρομέως.
11τάφοςτάφοςNOUNN-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing12 ἐστίnsubjhigh
12ἐστίεἰμίVERBV-PAI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act0 ROOTroothighExistential/copular verb; τόφος is the nominative subject.
13··PUNCT__12 ἐστίpuncthigh
Sentence 2

7.17.13 sentence 2

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τούτῳ τῷ Οἰβώτα νικήσαντι Ὀλύμπια Ἀχαιῶν πρώτῳ γέρας οὐδὲν ἐξαίρετον παρʼ αὐτῶν ἐγένετο εὕρασθαι·

τούτῳ τῷ Οἰβώτα νικήσαντι is a dative absolute-like/temporal dative participial phrase (‘when this Oibotas had won’); γέρας is the subject of the infinitive εὕρασθαι, with οὐδὲν ἐξαίρετον as its predicate/accusative complement, while ἐγένετο is the governing impersonal verb.

advcl nsubj det advmod amod punct det nsubj obj nmod det case obl xcomp root 1 τούτῳ οὗτος / DET 2 τῷ ὁ / DET 3 Οἰβώτα Οἰβώτας / PROPN 4 νικήσαντι νικάω / VERB 5 Ὀλύμπια Ὀλύμπια / NOUN 6 Ἀχαιῶν Ἀχαιός / PROPN 7 πρώτῳ πρῶτος / ADJ 8 γέρας γέρας / NOUN 9 οὐδὲν οὐδείς / PRON 10 ἐξαίρετον ἐξαίρετος / ADJ 11 παρʼ παρά / ADP 12 αὐτῶν αὐτός / PRON 13 ἐγένετο γίγνομαι / VERB 14 εὕρασθαι εὑρίσκω / VERB 15 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1τούτῳοὗτοςDETPD-DMSCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem4 νικήσαντιdethigh
2τῷDETT-DMSCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art3 Οἰβώταdethigh
3ΟἰβώταΟἰβώταςPROPNN-DMSCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 νικήσαντιnsubjmediumProper name is dative as the understood subject of the participle.
4νικήσαντινικάωVERBV-AAP-DMSCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act13 ἐγένετοadvclhighTemporal/circumstantial dative participle.
5ὈλύμπιαὈλύμπιαNOUNN-APNCase=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur4 νικήσαντιobjhighAccusative object of νικήσαντι.
6ἈχαιῶνἈχαιόςPROPNN-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur5 ὈλύμπιαnmodmediumGenitive of the people associated with the Olympic games.
7πρώτῳπρῶτοςADJA-DSMCase=Dat|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing4 νικήσαντιadvmodmediumDative adverbial modifier, ‘first’; possibly construed with the participial event.
8γέραςγέραςNOUNN-NSNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing14 εὕρασθαιnsubjhighSubject of the infinitive in an accusative-and-infinitive-like construction.
9οὐδὲνοὐδείςPRONP-NSNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Neg10 ἐξαίρετονdethighNegative quantifier modifying ἐξαίρετον.
10ἐξαίρετονἐξαίρετοςADJA-NSNCase=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing8 γέραςamodhighPredicate adjective with γέρας: ‘no special/distinguished honor’.
11παρʼπαράADPP-GENAdpType=Prep12 αὐτῶνcasehighπαρά with genitive.
12αὐτῶναὐτόςPRONP-GPMCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs13 ἐγένετοoblhigh‘from them’, referring to the Achaeans.
13ἐγένετογίγνομαιVERBV-AMI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Mid0 ROOTroothighImpersonal governing verb, ‘it came about/was found possible’.
14εὕρασθαιεὑρίσκωVERBV-AMNMood=Inf|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid13 ἐγένετοxcompmediumArticular-less complementary infinitive; middle voice is lexical/constructional.
15··PUNCT__13 ἐγένετοpuncthigh
Sentence 3

7.17.13 sentence 3

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καὶ ἐπὶ τούτῳ κατάρας ὁ Οἰβώτας ἐποιήσατο μηδενὶ Ὀλυμπικὴν νίκην ἔτι Ἀχαιῶν γενέσθαι.

The infinitive γενέσθαι is the complementary/content infinitive of ἐποιήσατο with μηδενὶ Ἀχαιῶν as its subject-like dative; Ὀλυμπικὴν νίκην is its accusative predicate/content phrase. ἐπὶ τούτῳ is causal circumstance.

punct cc xcomp nsubj obl nmod obj obj advmod case det nsubj amod root 1 καὶ καί / CCONJ 2 ἐπὶ ἐπί / ADP 3 τούτῳ οὗτος / PRON 4 κατάρας κατάρα / NOUN 5 ὁ / DET 6 Οἰβώτας Οἰβώτας / PROPN 7 ἐποιήσατο ποιέω / VERB 8 μηδενὶ μηδείς / PRON 9 Ὀλυμπικὴν Ὀλυμπικός / ADJ 10 νίκην νίκη / NOUN 11 ἔτι ἔτι / ADV 12 Ἀχαιῶν Ἀχαιός / PROPN 13 γενέσθαι γίγνομαι / VERB 14 . . / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1καὶκαίCCONJCONJ_7 ἐποιήσατοcchigh
2ἐπὶἐπίADPPREP_3 τούτῳcasehighWith dative τούτῳ; causal/occasion sense.
3τούτῳοὗτοςPRONRD-DSMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing7 ἐποιήσατοoblhighDemonstrative pronoun with causal ἐπί.
4κατάραςκατάραNOUNN-AF-PCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur7 ἐποιήσατοobjhighAccusative object, ‘curses’.
5DETRA-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing6 Οἰβώταςdethigh
6ΟἰβώταςΟἰβώταςPROPNN-NSMCase=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing7 ἐποιήσατοnsubjhighProper name; nominative subject.
7ἐποιήσατοποιέωVERBV-AMI-3SMood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid0 ROOTroothigh
8μηδενὶμηδείςPRONRI-DSMCase=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing13 γενέσθαιnsubjmediumDative subject of infinitive in the raising/content construction; substantival ‘no one’.
9ὈλυμπικὴνὈλυμπικόςADJA-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing10 νίκηνamodhigh
10νίκηννίκηNOUNN-ASFCase=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing13 γενέσθαιobjmediumAccusative associated with γενέσθαι: ‘to become/be a victory’; construction is somewhat elliptical.
11ἔτιἔτιADVADV_13 γενέσθαιadvmodhigh
12ἈχαιῶνἈχαιόςPROPNN-GPCase=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur8 μηδενὶnmodmediumGenitive dependent on μηδενί, ‘of the Achaeans’.
13γενέσθαιγίγνομαιVERBV-AMNMood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid7 ἐποιήσατοxcomphighComplementary/content infinitive.
14..PUNCT__7 ἐποιήσατοpuncthigh
Sentence 4

7.17.13 sentence 4

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καὶ---ἦν γάρ τις θεῶν ᾧ τοῦ Οἰβώτα τελεῖσθαι τὰς κατάρας οὐκ ἀμελὲς ἦν---διδάσκονταί ποτε οἱ Ἀχαιοὶ καθʼ ἥντινα αἰτίαν στεφάνου τοῦ Ὀλυμπίασιν ἡμάρτανον, διδάσκονται δὲ ἀποστείλαντες ἐς Δελφούς·

The dashes are retained as punctuation tokens. The first clause is parenthetical: ἦν ... ἀμελές governs the articular infinitive τελεῖσθαι; ᾧ is a dative relative referring to the deity. In the main clause, διδάσκονται is passive, with ἀποστείλαντες as a circumstantial participle and ἐς Δελφούς as its goal.

cc punct parataxis punct punct punct conj xcomp punct obl obl csubj acl:relcl punct nsubj:pass obj punct nsubj obj case nmod advcl obl punct discourse nmod det nsubj det advmod cop advmod det det det cc case root 1 καὶ καί / CCONJ 2 - - / PUNCT 3 - - / PUNCT 4 - - / PUNCT 5 ἦν εἰμί / AUX 6 γάρ γάρ / PART 7 τις τις / PRON 8 θεῶν θεός / NOUN 9 ὅς / PRON 10 τοῦ ὁ / DET 11 Οἰβώτα Οἰβώτας / PROPN 12 τελεῖσθαι τελέω / VERB 13 τὰς ὁ / DET 14 κατάρας κατάρα / NOUN 15 οὐκ οὐ / PART 16 ἀμελὲς ἀμελής / ADJ 17 ἦν εἰμί / AUX 18 - - / PUNCT 19 - - / PUNCT 20 - - / PUNCT 21 διδάσκονταί διδάσκω / VERB 22 ποτε ποτέ / ADV 23 οἱ ὁ / DET 24 Ἀχαιοὶ Ἀχαιός / PROPN 25 καθʼ κατά / ADP 26 ἥντινα ὅστις / DET 27 αἰτίαν αἰτία / NOUN 28 στεφάνου στέφανος / NOUN 29 τοῦ ὁ / DET 30 Ὀλυμπίασιν Ὀλυμπία / PROPN 31 ἡμάρτανον ἁμαρτάνω / VERB 32 , , / PUNCT 33 διδάσκονται διδάσκω / VERB 34 δὲ δέ / CCONJ 35 ἀποστείλαντες ἀποστέλλω / VERB 36 ἐς εἰς / ADP 37 Δελφούς Δελφοί / PROPN 38 · · / PUNCT
#FormLemmaUPOSXPOSFeaturesHeadDepRelConf.Note
1καὶκαίCCONJC--------Polarity=Pos21 διδάσκονταίcchigh
2--PUNCT__5 ἦνpuncthighDash retained as supplied.
3--PUNCT__5 ἦνpuncthighDash retained as supplied.
4--PUNCT__5 ἦνpuncthighDash retained as supplied.
5ἦνεἰμίAUXV3SIIA---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act21 διδάσκονταίparataxishighImperfect existential/copular verb introducing the parenthetical.
6γάργάρPARTG---------_5 ἦνdiscoursehigh
7τιςτιςPRONPX----NS--Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing5 ἦνnsubjhighIndefinite subject.
8θεῶνθεόςNOUNN3P--G---Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur7 τιςnmodhighPartitive genitive with τις.
9ὅςPRONP----DS---Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing16 ἀμελὲςoblmediumRelative dative, plausibly referring to the deity and construed with ἀμελές.
10τοῦDETT----GSM--Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing11 Οἰβώταdethigh
11ΟἰβώταΟἰβώταςPROPNN3M--GSM--Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing12 τελεῖσθαιnsubjhighGenitive subject of the articular infinitive.
12τελεῖσθαιτελέωVERBV--PNM---Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Mid16 ἀμελὲςcsubjhighArticular infinitive subject of ἀμελές.
13τὰςDETT----AFP--Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur14 κατάραςdethigh
14κατάραςκατάραNOUNN1----AF--Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur12 τελεῖσθαιobjhighObject of τελεῖσθαι.
15οὐκοὐPARTD--------Polarity=Neg16 ἀμελὲςadvmodhigh
16ἀμελὲςἀμελήςADJA--NSN---Case=Nom|Degree=Pos|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing5 ἦνxcompmediumPredicative adjective in an impersonal construction.
17ἦνεἰμίAUXV3SIIA---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act16 ἀμελὲςcophigh
18--PUNCT__5 ἦνpuncthighDash retained as supplied.
19--PUNCT__5 ἦνpuncthighDash retained as supplied.
20--PUNCT__5 ἦνpuncthighDash retained as supplied.
21διδάσκονταίδιδάσκωVERBV3P--PM---Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass0 ROOTroothighMain finite verb; passive, with οἱ Ἀχαιοὶ as subject.
22ποτεποτέADVD---------_21 διδάσκονταίadvmodhigh
23οἱDETT----NPM--Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur24 Ἀχαιοὶdethigh
24ἈχαιοὶἈχαιόςPROPNA-----NPM-Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur21 διδάσκονταίnsubj:passhighEthnic name used substantivally.
25καθʼκατάADPR--------_27 αἰτίανcasehighElided form of κατά.
26ἥντιναὅστιςDETP----AFA--Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing27 αἰτίανdethighFeminine accusative relative-indefinite determiner modifying αἰτίαν.
27αἰτίαναἰτίαNOUNN1----AF--Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing21 διδάσκονταίoblhighObject of κατά in the idiom καθʼ ἥντινα αἰτίαν.
28στεφάνουστέφανοςNOUNN2----GSM--Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing31 ἡμάρτανονobjmediumGenitive object/thing missed with ἁμαρτάνω; possibly a genitive of separation.
29τοῦDETT----GSM--Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing30 Ὀλυμπίασινdethigh
30ὈλυμπίασινὈλυμπίαPROPNN1----DP--Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur28 στεφάνουnmodhighLocative dative, ‘at Olympia’; article agrees with στέφανος, not this proper name.
31ἡμάρτανονἁμαρτάνωVERBV1PIIA---Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act27 αἰτίανacl:relclmediumForm is morphologically 1st singular or 3rd plural; 3rd plural is expected with οἱ Ἀχαιοὶ, so the supplied form may reflect textual/encoding variation.
32,,PUNCT__21 διδάσκονταίpuncthigh
33διδάσκονταιδιδάσκωVERBV3P--PM---Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass21 διδάσκονταίconjhighCoordinated passive verb.
34δὲδέCCONJC---------_33 διδάσκονταιcchigh
35ἀποστείλαντεςἀποστέλλωVERBV--PAPNM--Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act33 διδάσκονταιadvclhighCircumstantial participle, subject controlled by the Achaeans.
36ἐςεἰςADPR--------_37 ΔελφούςcasehighVariant/prepositional form of εἰς.
37ΔελφούςΔελφοίPROPNN2---APM--Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur35 ἀποστείλαντεςoblhighGoal of sending.
38··PUNCT__21 διδάσκονταίpuncthigh
← 7.17.127.17.14 →