Grammar parses for passage 7.2.8
Open translation for this passage
Λέλεγες δὲ τοῦ Καρικοῦ μοῖρα καὶ Λυδῶν τὸ πολὺ οἱ νεμόμενοι τὴν χώραν ἦσαν·
The copular predicate is οἱ νεμόμενοι τὴν χώραν ἦσαν, with Λέλεγες as the subject and τοῦ Καρικοῦ μοῖρα καὶ Λυδῶν τὸ πολύ as a coordinated partitive/quantifying complement; οἱ is the article substantivizing νεμόμενοι. The exact attachment of the genitives is somewhat elliptical.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Λέλεγες | Λέλεγες | PROPN | Nb----- mn | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | Ethnic group name functioning as plural subject. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 ἦσαν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | S---GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Καρικοῦ | det | high | Article with Καρικοῦ. |
| 4 | Καρικοῦ | Κᾰρικός | ADJ | A-----GM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 μοῖρα | amod | medium | Ethnic adjective, substantivally or attributively modifying μοῖρα. |
| 5 | μοῖρα | μοῖρα | NOUN | N-----NS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἦσαν | nsubj | low | Form is nominative singular, but the syntax is elliptical; possibly part of a predicate nominal/quantifying phrase. |
| 6 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 5 μοῖρα | cc | high | Coordinates the two nominal quantities. |
| 7 | Λυδῶν | Λυδός | PROPN | Nb-----gp | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 9 πολὺ | nmod | high | Genitive ethnic name, dependent on πολὺ. |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | S---NAS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 πολὺ | det | high | Neuter article substantivizing πολὺ. |
| 9 | πολὺ | πολύς | ADJ | A-----NS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 μοῖρα | conj | medium | Substantivized neuter adjective, coordinated with μοῖρα; genitive Λυδῶν specifies the whole/majority. |
| 10 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | S---NPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 11 νεμόμενοι | det | high | Article with substantivized participle. |
| 11 | νεμόμενοι | νέμω | VERB | V3PPMPM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 14 ἦσαν | nsubj | high | Substantivized present middle participle, 'those occupying/inhabiting'. |
| 12 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S---AFS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 χώραν | det | high | Article with χώραν. |
| 13 | χώραν | χώρα | NOUN | N-----AFS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 νεμόμενοι | obj | high | Direct object of νεμόμενοι. |
| 14 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | AUX | V3PIIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect copula. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 14 ἦσαν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |
ᾤκουν δὲ καὶ περὶ τὸ ἱερὸν ἄλλοι τε ἱκεσίας ἕνεκα καὶ γυναῖκες τοῦ Ἀμαζόνων γένους.
The verb has coordinated subjects ἄλλοι and γυναῖκες; περὶ τὸ ἱερόν is a locative adjunct, while ἱκεσίας ἕνεκα expresses purpose.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ᾤκουν | οἰκέω | VERB | V-IAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Imperfect active, third-person plural; subject is coordinated nominal phrase. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ᾤκουν | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἄλλοι | cc | high | Coordinates the first subject constituent with γυναῖκες. |
| 4 | περὶ | περί | ADP | PREP | _ | 6 ἱερὸν | case | high | Preposition governing τὸ ἱερόν. |
| 5 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 ἱερὸν | det | high | Article agreeing with ἱερόν. |
| 6 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ᾤκουν | obl | high | Accusative object of περί, locative sense 'around the sanctuary'. |
| 7 | ἄλλοι | ἄλλος | ADJ | A-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 1 ᾤκουν | nsubj | high | Substantivized nominative subject, 'others'. |
| 8 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 ἄλλοι | cc | high | Correlative/enclitic coordinator. |
| 9 | ἱκεσίας | ἱκεσία | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 ἕνεκα | obl | high | Accusative purpose expression with ἕνεκα. |
| 10 | ἕνεκα | ἕνεκα | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 ἄλλοι | case | high | Postpositive postposition governing ἱκεσίας; purpose 'for supplication'. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 12 γυναῖκες | cc | high | Coordinates γυναῖκες with ἄλλοι. |
| 12 | γυναῖκες | γυνή | NOUN | N-NPF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 ᾤκουν | nsubj | high | Second coordinated subject. |
| 13 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 γένους | det | high | Article agreeing with γένους. |
| 14 | Ἀμαζόνων | Ἀμαζών | PROPN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 15 γένους | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on γένους, 'of the Amazons'. |
| 15 | γένους | γένος | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 γυναῖκες | nmod | high | Genitive phrase specifying the women as of the Amazon race. |
| 16 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ᾤκουν | punct | high |
Ἄνδροκλος δὲ ὁ Κόδρου---οὗτος γὰρ δὴ ἀπεδέδεικτο Ἰώνων τῶν ἐς Ἔφεσον πλευσάντων βασιλεύς---Λέλεγας μὲν καὶ Λυδοὺς τὴν ἄνω πόλιν ἔχοντας ἐξέβαλεν ἐκ τῆς χώρας·
The dash-delimited parenthesis explains that οὗτος (Ἄνδροκλος) had been designated king; βασιλεύς is the predicate complement, while the genitive participial phrase identifies the Ionians.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ἄνδροκλος | Ἄνδροκλος | PROPN | N-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 ἐξέβαλεν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 29 ἐξέβαλεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 Κόδρου | det | high | |
| 4 | Κόδρου | Κόδρος | PROPN | N-s---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 Ἄνδροκλος | appos | high | Patronymic/appositional genitive. |
| 5 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 ἐξέβαλεν | punct | high | |
| 6 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 ἐξέβαλεν | punct | high | |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 ἐξέβαλεν | punct | high | |
| 8 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | Pd----mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 11 ἀπεδέδεικτο | nsubj:pass | high | |
| 9 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 11 ἀπεδέδεικτο | cc | high | |
| 10 | δὴ | δή | PART | X-------- | _ | 11 ἀπεδέδεικτο | advmod | high | |
| 11 | ἀπεδέδεικτο | ἀποδείκνυμι | VERB | V pluperfect ind middle 3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pluperf|Voice=Mid | 17 βασιλεύς | acl:relcl | medium | Pluperfect middle/passive, ‘had been designated’; embedded explanatory clause. |
| 12 | Ἰώνων | Ἴων | PROPN | N-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 πλευσάντων | nmod | high | |
| 13 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-p---mg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 πλευσάντων | det | high | |
| 14 | ἐς | ἐς | ADP | R-------- | _ | 15 Ἔφεσον | case | high | |
| 15 | Ἔφεσον | Ἔφεσος | PROPN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 16 πλευσάντων | obl | high | |
| 16 | πλευσάντων | πλέω | VERB | V-papagm- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 17 βασιλεύς | acl | high | Genitive attributive participle with τῶν. |
| 17 | βασιλεύς | βασιλεύς | NOUN | N-s---mn- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 11 ἀπεδέδεικτο | xcomp | medium | Predicate nominative/complement of ἀπεδέδεικτο. |
| 18 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 ἐξέβαλεν | punct | high | |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 ἐξέβαλεν | punct | high | |
| 20 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 ἐξέβαλεν | punct | high | |
| 21 | Λέλεγας | Λέλεγες | PROPN | N-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 ἐξέβαλεν | obj | high | |
| 22 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 21 Λέλεγας | advmod | high | Correlative μέν; no overt δέ counterpart. |
| 23 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 24 Λυδοὺς | cc | high | |
| 24 | Λυδοὺς | Λυδός | PROPN | N-p---ma- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 ἐξέβαλεν | conj | high | Coordinated object with Λέλεγας. |
| 25 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 27 πόλιν | det | high | |
| 26 | ἄνω | ἄνω | ADV | D-------- | _ | 27 πόλιν | advmod | high | |
| 27 | πόλιν | πόλις | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 28 ἔχοντας | obj | high | Object of the participle ἔχοντας. |
| 28 | ἔχοντας | ἔχω | VERB | V-papama- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 21 Λέλεγας | acl | high | Supplementary/attributive participle agreeing with Λέλεγας and Λυδούς. |
| 29 | ἐξέβαλεν | ἐκβάλλω | VERB | V3saIAI | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 30 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | R-------- | _ | 32 χώρας | case | high | |
| 31 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 32 χώρας | det | high | |
| 32 | χώρας | χώρα | NOUN | N-s---fg- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 29 ἐξέβαλεν | obl | high | |
| 33 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 ἐξέβαλεν | punct | high |
τοῖς δὲ περὶ τὸ ἱερὸν οἰκοῦσι δεῖμα ἦν οὐδέν, ἀλλὰ Ἴωσιν ὅρκους δόντες καὶ ἀνὰ μέρος παρʼ αὐτῶν λαβόντες ἐκτὸς ἦσαν πολέμου.
The first clause has τοῖς περὶ τὸ ἱερὸν οἰκοῦσι as a dative substantival participial phrase, with δεῖμα as subject of ἦν. In the second clause, Ἴωσιν is dative plural (with an understood δεῖμα/φόβος context) and the participles δόντες, λαβόντες are coordinated circumstantial predicates; ἐκτὸς πολέμου is the complement of ἦσαν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | RA-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 6 οἰκοῦσι | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ἦν | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | περὶ | περί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 5 ἱερὸν | case | high | |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | RA-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἱερὸν | det | high | |
| 5 | ἱερὸν | ἱερός | NOUN | A-S--NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 6 οἰκοῦσι | obl | high | Substantivized/adjectival noun, object of περί. |
| 6 | οἰκοῦσι | οἰκέω | VERB | V-PAP-DPM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 7 δεῖμα | acl | high | Substantival dative present participle. |
| 7 | δεῖμα | δεῖμα | NOUN | N-S--NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἦν | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | ἦν | εἰμί | VERB | V-IAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Impf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 9 | οὐδέν | οὐδείς | PRON | A-S--NN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 7 δεῖμα | appos | medium | Predicative/quantificational ‘no fear at all’; syntactically linked to δεῖμα. |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἦν | punct | high | |
| 11 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 22 ἦσαν | cc | high | Adversative coordination. |
| 12 | Ἴωσιν | Ἴων | PROPN | N-P--D-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 δόντες | obl | medium | Dative plural ethnic noun, recipient/affected party of the participial construction. |
| 13 | ὅρκους | ὅρκος | NOUN | N-P--MA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 14 δόντες | obj | high | |
| 14 | δόντες | δίδωμι | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 22 ἦσαν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, subject understood from context. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 20 λαβόντες | cc | high | |
| 16 | ἀνὰ | ἀνά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 17 μέρος | case | high | |
| 17 | μέρος | μέρος | NOUN | N-S--NA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 20 λαβόντες | obl | high | In the distributive phrase ἀνὰ μέρος. |
| 18 | παρʼ | παρά | ADP | R-------- | _ | 19 αὐτῶν | case | high | Elided form of παρά before vowel. |
| 19 | αὐτῶν | αὐτός | PRON | P-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Prs | 20 λαβόντες | obl | high | |
| 20 | λαβόντες | λαμβάνω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 22 ἦσαν | advcl | high | Coordinated circumstantial participle with δόντες. |
| 21 | ἐκτὸς | ἐκτός | ADV | D-------- | _ | 22 ἦσαν | advmod | high | Adverb used with genitive complement. |
| 22 | ἦσαν | εἰμί | VERB | V-IAI-3P- | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Impf|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 8 ἦν | conj | high | Coordinated finite predicate after ἀλλά. |
| 23 | πολέμου | πόλεμος | NOUN | N-S--MG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ἐκτὸς | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἐκτός. |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἦν | punct | high |
ἀφείλετο δὲ καὶ Σάμον Ἄνδροκλος Σαμίους, καὶ ἔσχον Ἐφέσιοι χρόνον τινὰ Σάμον καὶ τὰς προσεχεῖς νήσους·
Two coordinated clauses: Androclus took Samos from the Samians; the Ephesians held Samos and the adjacent islands for some time. The first accusative Σάμον is the object of ἀφείλετο, with Ἄνδροκλος as subject and Σαμίους as source separated by ellipsis/implicit παρά; the second ἔσχον is 3pl with Ἐφέσιοι as subject.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἀφείλετο | ἀφαιρέω | VERB | V-3SAMI- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Singular|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Middle | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἀφείλετο | cc | high | Postpositive coordinating particle. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 5 Ἄνδροκλος | cc | medium | Coordinates the first clause with the following clause; attachment may also be analyzed at clause level. |
| 4 | Σάμον | Σάμος | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 1 ἀφείλετο | obj | high | |
| 5 | Ἄνδροκλος | Ἄνδροκλος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 1 ἀφείλετο | nsubj | high | |
| 6 | Σαμίους | Σάμιος | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 1 ἀφείλετο | obl | medium | Likely source/separation complement, with παρά understood; case and construction are lexically dependent on ἀφαιρέω. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀφείλετο | punct | high | |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 ἔσχον | cc | high | Coordinates the second clause. |
| 9 | ἔσχον | ἔχω | VERB | V-3PAMI- | Mood=Indicative|Number=Plural|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Active | 1 ἀφείλετο | conj | high | Coordinated finite verb. |
| 10 | Ἐφέσιοι | Ἐφέσιος | PROPN | N- NPM | Case=Nominative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Plural | 9 ἔσχον | nsubj | high | Form is nominative masculine plural. |
| 11 | χρόνον | χρόνος | NOUN | N-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 9 ἔσχον | obl | high | Accusative of duration. |
| 12 | τινὰ | τις | PRON | P-ASM | Case=Accusative|Gender=Masculine|Number=Singular | 11 χρόνον | det | high | Indefinite modifier of χρόνον. |
| 13 | Σάμον | Σάμος | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Singular | 9 ἔσχον | obj | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 17 νήσους | cc | high | |
| 15 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | L-APF | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 16 προσεχεῖς | det | high | |
| 16 | προσεχεῖς | προσεχής | ADJ | A-APF | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 17 νήσους | amod | high | |
| 17 | νήσους | νῆσος | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Accusative|Gender=Feminine|Number=Plural | 9 ἔσχον | obj | high | Coordinated object with Σάμον. |
| 18 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 ἀφείλετο | punct | high |