Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 7.2.9

← 7.2.8 7.2.10 →

Passage 7.2.9

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed

66Greek tokens

2,384input tokens

4,789output tokens

Sentence 1

7.2.9 sentence 1

Tokens: 24
Input: 820
Output: 1,723
Total: 2,543

Σαμίων δὲ ἤδη κατεληλυθότων ἐπὶ τὰ οἰκεῖα Πριηνεῦσιν ἤμυνεν ἐπὶ τοὺς Κᾶρας ὁ Ἄνδροκλος, καὶ νικῶντος τοῦ Ἑλληνικοῦ ἔπεσεν ἐν τῇ μάχῃ.

The sentence contains two genitive absolutes; the second finite verb ἔπεσεν is coordinated paratactically with ἤμυνεν.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Σαμίων	Σάμιος	PROPN	N--PGMP-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	4 κατεληλυθότων	nsubj	medium	Genitive absolute subject; proper-name adjective used substantively.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	G--------	_	9 ἤμυνεν	discourse	high	Postpositive connective particle.
3	ἤδη	ἤδη	ADV	D--------	_	4 κατεληλυθότων	advmod	high	Modifies the participle.
4	κατεληλυθότων	κατέρχομαι	VERB	V-PRAPGM-	Aspect=Perf\|Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	9 ἤμυνεν	advcl	high	Genitive absolute participle.
5	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	R--------	_	8 Πριηνεῦσιν	case	high	Preposition.
6	τὰ	ὁ	DET	L-APN---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	7 οἰκεῖα	det	high	Article.
7	οἰκεῖα	οἰκεῖος	ADJ	A-APN---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	8 Πριηνεῦσιν	obl	medium	Substantivized adjective in prepositional phrase; head choice somewhat uncertain.
8	Πριηνεῦσιν	Πριηνεύς	PROPN	N-DPM-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	4 κατεληλυθότων	obl	high	Dative complement with ἐπί, likely dependent on the genitive absolute context.
9	ἤμυνεν	ἀμύνω	VERB	V-IAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Imp\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb.
10	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	R--------	_	12 Κᾶρας	case	high	Preposition.
11	τοὺς	ὁ	DET	L-APM---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	12 Κᾶρας	det	high	Article.
12	Κᾶρας	Κάρ	PROPN	N-APM-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	9 ἤμυνεν	obj	high	Object of ἤμυνεν with preposition.
13	ὁ	ὁ	DET	L-NSM---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 Ἄνδροκλος	det	high	Article.
14	Ἄνδροκλος	Ἄνδροκλος	PROPN	N-NSM-	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	9 ἤμυνεν	nsubj	high	Subject of ἤμυνεν.
15	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	9 ἤμυνεν	punct	high	Comma.
16	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	C--------	_	20 ἔπεσεν	cc	high	Coordinates the second clause.
17	νικῶντος	νικάω	VERB	V-PAPGM-	Aspect=Imp\|Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	20 ἔπεσεν	advcl	low	Genitive absolute participle; gender is uncertain in transmitted form.
18	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	L-NSM---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	19 Ἑλληνικοῦ	det	high	Article.
19	Ἑλληνικοῦ	Ἑλληνικός	ADJ	A-GSN---	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	17 νικῶντος	nsubj	medium	Substantivized adjective, likely 'the Greek [force]'.
20	ἔπεσεν	πίπτω	VERB	V-AAI-3S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Second main verb; paratactic coordination with ἤμυνεν.
21	ἐν	ἐν	ADP	R--------	_	23 μάχῃ	case	high	Preposition.
22	τῇ	ὁ	DET	L-DSF---	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	23 μάχῃ	det	high	Article.
23	μάχῃ	μάχη	NOUN	N-DSF-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	20 ἔπεσεν	obl	high	Locative temporal phrase.
24	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	20 ἔπεσεν	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Sentence 2

7.2.9 sentence 2

Tokens: 34
Input: 930
Output: 2,400
Total: 3,330

Ἐφέσιοι δὲ ἀνελόμενοι τοῦ Ἀνδρόκλου τὸν νεκρὸν ἔθαψαν τῆς σφετέρας ἔνθα δείκνυται καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ ἔτι τὸ μνῆμα κατὰ τὴν ὁδὸν τὴν ἐκ τοῦ ἱεροῦ παρὰ τὸ Ὀλυμπιεῖον καὶ ἐπὶ πύλας τὰς Μαγνήτιδας·

The main clause is straightforward; the only notable difficulty is the compressed genitive phrase τῆς σφετέρας with the route description, best taken as modifying ὁδόν.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	Ἐφέσιοι	Ἐφέσιος	PROPN	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	8 ἔθαψαν	nsubj	high	Subject of ἔθαψαν.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	8 ἔθαψαν	discourse	high	Postpositive particle.
3	ἀνελόμενοι	ἀναιρέω	VERB	_	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Mood=Part\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Mid	8 ἔθαψαν	advcl	high	Circumstantial participle modifying the subject.
4	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 νεκρὸν	det	high	Article with Ἀνδρόκλου.
5	Ἀνδρόκλου	Ἀνδροκλῆς	PROPN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 νεκρὸν	nmod	high	Genitive dependent of νεκρόν.
6	τὸν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	7 νεκρὸν	det	high	Article with νεκρόν.
7	νεκρὸν	νεκρός	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	8 ἔθαψαν	obj	high	Direct object of ἔθαψαν.
8	ἔθαψαν	θάπτω	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb.
9	τῆς	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	10 σφετέρας	det	high	Article with σφετέρας.
10	σφετέρας	σφέτερος	ADJ	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	21 ὁδὸν	amod	medium	Likely attributive to ὁδόν in the genitive phrase, though syntax is somewhat compressed.
11	ἔνθα	ἔνθα	ADV	_	_	12 δείκνυται	advmod	high	Locative adverb.
12	δείκνυται	δείκνυμι	VERB	_	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Mid	18 μνῆμα	acl	high	Relative/local clause modifying μνῆμα.
13	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	14 ἐς	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction.
14	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	_	_	15 ἐμὲ	case	high	Preposition governing ἐμὲ.
15	ἐμὲ	ἐγώ	PRON	_	Case=Acc\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs	12 δείκνυται	obl	high	Oblique with ἐς, dependent on δείκνυται.
16	ἔτι	ἔτι	ADV	_	_	12 δείκνυται	advmod	high	Adverb modifying δείκνυται.
17	τὸ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	18 μνῆμα	det	high	Article with μνῆμα.
18	μνῆμα	μνῆμα	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	12 δείκνυται	obj	high	Object of δείκνυται.
19	κατὰ	κατά	ADP	_	_	21 ὁδὸν	case	high	Preposition governing ὁδόν.
20	τὴν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	21 ὁδὸν	det	high	Article with ὁδόν.
21	ὁδὸν	ὁδός	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	18 μνῆμα	nmod	medium	Prepositional phrase modifying μνῆμα (route/location description).
22	τὴν	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	25 ἱεροῦ	det	high	Article with ἱεροῦ.
23	ἐκ	ἐκ	ADP	_	_	25 ἱεροῦ	case	high	Preposition governing ἱεροῦ.
24	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	25 ἱεροῦ	det	high	Article with ἱεροῦ.
25	ἱεροῦ	ἱερόν	NOUN	_	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	21 ὁδὸν	nmod	high	Genitive complement in the prepositional phrase modifying ὁδόν.
26	παρὰ	παρά	ADP	_	_	28 Ὀλυμπιεῖον	case	high	Preposition governing Ὀλυμπιεῖον.
27	τὸ	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	28 Ὀλυμπιεῖον	det	high	Article with Ὀλυμπιεῖον.
28	Ὀλυμπιεῖον	Ὀλυμπιεῖον	PROPN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	21 ὁδὸν	nmod	high	Another locative prepositional phrase dependent on ὁδόν.
29	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	30 ἐπὶ	cc	high	Coordinates the final prepositional phrase with the previous one.
30	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	_	_	31 πύλας	case	high	Preposition governing πύλας.
31	πύλας	πύλη	NOUN	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	21 ὁδὸν	nmod	high	Prepositional phrase dependent on ὁδόν.
32	τὰς	ὁ	DET	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	33 Μαγνήτιδας	det	high	Article with Μαγνήτιδας.
33	Μαγνήτιδας	Μαγνήτις	ADJ	_	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	31 πύλας	amod	high	Adjectival modifier of πύλας.
34	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	8 ἔθαψαν	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

Sentence 3

7.2.9 sentence 3

Tokens: 8
Input: 634
Output: 666
Total: 1,300

ἐπίθημα δὲ τῷ μνήματι ἀνήρ ἐστιν ὡπλισμένος.

Copular clause with ἀνήρ as root; ἐπίθημα is interpreted as the semantic subject/predicative noun, while ἐστιν links the predicate noun and participial modifier.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ἐπίθημα	ἐπίθημα	NOUN	N-NSN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	5 ἀνήρ	nsubj	high	Predicate nominative/subject-like noun in copular clause.
2	δὲ	δέ	PART	PTCL	_	5 ἀνήρ	discourse	high	Postpositive connective particle.
3	τῷ	ὁ	DET	L-DSM	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	4 μνήματι	det	high	Article modifying μνήματι.
4	μνήματι	μνῆμα	NOUN	N-DSN	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	1 ἐπίθημα	nmod	medium	Dative phrase attached to ἐπίθημα; likely genitive-like semantic relation expressed by dative.
5	ἀνήρ	ἀνήρ	NOUN	N-NSM	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	0 ROOT	root	high	Main copular predication head.
6	ἐστιν	εἰμί	AUX	V-3SPI	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	5 ἀνήρ	cop	high	Copula with predicate noun ἀνήρ.
7	ὡπλισμένος	ὁπλίζω	VERB	V-NSM-PAP	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Part\|Voice=Pass	5 ἀνήρ	amod	medium	Adjectival participle modifying ἀνήρ.
8	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	5 ἀνήρ	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

← 7.2.8 7.2.10 →