Grammar parses for passage 7.27.5
Open translation for this passage
γυμνάσιον δὲ ἀρχαῖον ἐς ἐφήβων μάλιστα ἀνεῖται μελέτην· οὐδὲ ἐς τὴν πολιτείαν ἐγγραφῆναι πρότερον καθέστηκεν οὐδενὶ πρὶν ἂν ἐφηβεύσωσιν.
The second half is elliptical/compressed: καθέστηκεν governs the infinitive ἐγγραφῆναι, with οὐδενί as a dative argument and a πρὶν ἂν-clause modifying the whole prohibition.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γυμνάσιον | γυμνάσιον | NOUN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνεῖται | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀνεῖται. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 7 ἀνεῖται | discourse | high | Postpositive particle. |
| 3 | ἀρχαῖον | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 γυμνάσιον | amod | high | Attributive adjective modifying γυμνάσιον. |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 8 μελέτην | case | high | Preposition governing ἐφήβων. |
| 5 | ἐφήβων | ἔφηβος | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 μελέτην | nmod | high | Genitive complement in the phrase ἐς ἐφήβων. |
| 6 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | _ | _ | 7 ἀνεῖται | advmod | high | Adverb modifying ἀνεῖται. |
| 7 | ἀνεῖται | ἀνίημι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 8 | μελέτην | μελέτη | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνεῖται | obj | high | Accusative object/complement of ἀνεῖται. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀνεῖται | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
| 10 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 16 καθέστηκεν | cc | high | Coordinating negative conjunction. |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 13 πολιτείαν | case | high | Preposition governing πολιτείαν. |
| 12 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 13 πολιτείαν | det | high | Article modifying πολιτείαν. |
| 13 | πολιτείαν | πολιτεία | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἐγγραφῆναι | obl | high | Prepositional complement of ἐγγραφῆναι. |
| 14 | ἐγγραφῆναι | ἐγγράφω | VERB | _ | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 16 καθέστηκεν | xcomp | high | Complement infinitive governed by καθέστηκεν. |
| 15 | πρότερον | πρότερον | ADV | _ | _ | 16 καθέστηκεν | advmod | high | Adverb modifying καθέστηκεν. |
| 16 | καθέστηκεν | καθίστημι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Second clause main verb; perfect form with present sense. |
| 17 | οὐδενὶ | οὐδείς | PRON | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 14 ἐγγραφῆναι | iobj | medium | Likely dative of reference/advantage with ἐγγραφῆναι; syntax somewhat compressed. |
| 18 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | _ | _ | 20 ἐφηβεύσωσιν | mark | high | Subordinating conjunction introducing temporal clause. |
| 19 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | _ | _ | 20 ἐφηβεύσωσιν | advmod | high | Modal particle with subjunctive. |
| 20 | ἐφηβεύσωσιν | ἐφηβεύω | VERB | _ | Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 16 καθέστηκεν | advcl | high | Temporal subordinate clause after πρίν ἄν. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 καθέστηκεν | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ἐνταῦθα ἀνὴρ Πελληνεὺς ἕστηκε Πρόμαχος ὁ Δρύωνος, ἀνελόμενος παγκρατίου νίκας, τὴν μὲν Ὀλυμπίασι, τρεῖς δʼ Ἰσθμίων καὶ Νεμέᾳ δύο·
The syntax is largely straightforward; the main difficulty is the ellipsis in the victory counts, where place names and numerals stand in for fuller expressions like 'at Olympia' and 'at Nemea'.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D--------- | _ | 4 ἕστηκε | advmod | high | Adverb modifying the verb of location. |
| 2 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N-S---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἕστηκε | nsubj | high | Subject of ἕστηκε. |
| 3 | Πελληνεὺς | Πελληνεύς | ADJ | A-S---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 ἀνὴρ | amod | high | Attributive ethnic adjective modifying ἀνήρ. |
| 4 | ἕστηκε | ἵστημι | VERB | V-RAI-3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb. |
| 5 | Πρόμαχος | Πρόμαχος | PROPN | N-S---NM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 ἀνὴρ | appos | high | Apposition to ἀνήρ. |
| 6 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | L-S---NM- | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Δρύωνος | det | high | Article with patronymic. |
| 7 | Δρύωνος | Δρύων | PROPN | N-S---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Πρόμαχος | nmod | high | Patronymic genitive dependent on Πρόμαχος. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἕστηκε | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 9 | ἀνελόμενος | ἀναιρέω | VERB | V-AMP-SNM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 2 ἀνὴρ | amod | high | Circumstantial participle agreeing with ἀνήρ. |
| 10 | παγκρατίου | παγκράτιον | NOUN | N-S---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 νίκας | nmod | high | Genitive modifier of νίκας. |
| 11 | νίκας | νίκη | NOUN | N-P---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 ἀνελόμενος | obj | high | Object of ἀνελόμενος. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἀνελόμενος | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 13 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-S---FA- | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 15 Ὀλυμπίασι | det | high | Article with omitted noun understood from context. |
| 14 | μὲν | μέν | PART | G--------- | _ | 13 τὴν | discourse | medium | Correlative particle; syntax elliptical. |
| 15 | Ὀλυμπίασι | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | N-P---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 νίκας | obl | high | Dative of place/occasion with the victories. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 15 Ὀλυμπίασι | punct | high | Punctuation. |
| 17 | τρεῖς | τρεῖς | NUM | M-P---FA- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 νίκας | nummod | high | Numeral modifying νίκας. |
| 18 | δʼ | δέ | PART | G--------- | _ | 17 τρεῖς | discourse | high | Postpositive connective particle. |
| 19 | Ἰσθμίων | Ἰσθμιά | PROPN | N-P---NG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 τρεῖς | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on τρεῖς, understood as 'at the Isthmian games'. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C--------- | _ | 21 Νεμέᾳ | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction. |
| 21 | Νεμέᾳ | Νεμέα | PROPN | N-S---FD- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 τρεῖς | conj | high | Coordinated with Ἰσθμίων in the numeral phrase. |
| 22 | δύο | δύο | NUM | M-P---NA- | Case=Acc|Number=Plur | 11 νίκας | nummod | high | Numeral modifying νίκας. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἕστηκε | punct | high | Punctuation. |
καὶ αὐτοῦ καὶ εἰκόνας ποιήσαντες οἱ Πελληνεῖς τὴν μὲν ἐς Ὀλυμπίαν ἀνέθεσαν, τὴν δὲ ἐν τῷ γυμνασίῳ, λίθου ταύτην καὶ οὐ χαλκοῦ.
The clause has a participial prefix and a correlative object pair; the final material phrase is appositional, with some uncertainty about exact attachment of ταύτην and χαλκοῦ.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 ποιήσαντες | cc | high | Coordinating conjunction linking with prior clause/phrase. |
| 2 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | Pp3sms | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 4 εἰκόνας | nmod | medium | Likely genitive dependent of εἰκόνας; function may be possessive or descriptive. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 εἰκόνας | cc | high | Coordinates with preceding genitive phrase/marker. |
| 4 | εἰκόνας | εἰκών | NOUN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 ποιήσαντες | obj | high | Direct object of ποιήσαντες. |
| 5 | ποιήσαντες | ποιέω | VERB | V-AAP-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ἀνέθεσαν | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle modifying the subject of ἀνέθεσαν. |
| 6 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | L-? | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 7 Πελληνεῖς | det | high | Article with ethnic noun. |
| 7 | Πελληνεῖς | Πελληνεύς | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἀνέθεσαν | nsubj | high | Subject of ἀνέθεσαν. |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 ἀνέθεσαν | obj | high | Article with implied feminine noun, coordinated with δεύτερον τὴν. |
| 9 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 8 τὴν | discourse | high | Correlative particle. |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 11 Ὀλυμπίαν | case | high | Preposition governing Ὀλυμπίαν. |
| 11 | Ὀλυμπίαν | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 τὴν | nmod | high | Prepositional phrase modifying the first implied object of ἀνέθεσαν. |
| 12 | ἀνέθεσαν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | V-AAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main verb of the sentence. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἀνέθεσαν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 14 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | L-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 ἀνέθεσαν | obj | high | Second coordinated object/article. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | PART | _ | _ | 14 τὴν | discourse | high | Postpositive adversative/correlative particle. |
| 16 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P | _ | 18 γυμνασίῳ | case | high | Preposition governing γυμνασίῳ. |
| 17 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | L-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 18 γυμνασίῳ | det | high | Article with noun γυμνασίῳ. |
| 18 | γυμνασίῳ | γυμνάσιον | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 14 τὴν | nmod | high | Prepositional modifier of the second implied object. |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἀνέθεσαν | punct | high | Comma punctuation. |
| 20 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ταύτην | nmod | high | Material genitive modifying ταύτην. |
| 21 | ταύτην | οὗτος | PRON | Pd-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 14 τὴν | appos | medium | Appositive/explanatory to the second object: 'this one'. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 24 χαλκοῦ | cc | high | Coordinates the two genitives in the material phrase. |
| 23 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 24 χαλκοῦ | advmod | high | Negation of χαλκοῦ. |
| 24 | χαλκοῦ | χαλκός | NOUN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 20 λίθου | conj | medium | Second material genitive coordinated with λίθου; attachment to λίθου. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἀνέθεσαν | punct | high | Sentence-final punctuation. |