Grammar parses for passage 7.27.5
Open translation for this passage
γυμνάσιον δὲ ἀρχαῖον ἐς ἐφήβων μάλιστα ἀνεῖται μελέτην· οὐδὲ ἐς τὴν πολιτείαν ἐγγραφῆναι πρότερον καθέστηκεν οὐδενὶ πρὶν ἂν ἐφηβεύσωσιν.
The first clause has γυμνάσιον as subject and ἀνεῖται (ἀνίημι, likely passive/reflexive or middle in context) with μελέτην as its object/complement. In the second clause, καθέστηκεν governs an infinitival complement ἐγγραφῆναι, with οὐδενί as dative of reference and πρίν ἄν + subjunctive as the temporal condition.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | γυμνάσιον | γυμνάσιον | NOUN | N-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνεῖται | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | G- | _ | 7 ἀνεῖται | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἀρχαῖον | ἀρχαῖος | ADJ | A-s---na- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 γυμνάσιον | amod | high | |
| 4 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R- | _ | 5 ἐφήβων | case | high | Form of εἰς. |
| 5 | ἐφήβων | ἔφηβος | NOUN | N-p---ng- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 μελέτην | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on μελέτην, in the sense of practice/training for ephebes. |
| 6 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D- | _ | 7 ἀνεῖται | advmod | high | |
| 7 | ἀνεῖται | ἀνίημι | VERB | V3SPI--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 0 ROOT | root | low | Morphology and exact sense are uncertain; context supports a passive/middle construction meaning that the ancient gymnasium is devoted/assigned. |
| 8 | μελέτην | μελέτη | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 ἀνεῖται | obj | medium | Accusative object or complement of ἀνεῖται. |
| 9 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 ἀνεῖται | punct | high | |
| 10 | οὐδὲ | οὐδέ | CCONJ | G- | _ | 16 καθέστηκεν | cc | high | Connects the second clause, with οὐδὲ contributing negative scope. |
| 11 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | R- | _ | 13 πολιτείαν | case | high | Form of εἰς. |
| 12 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | S---af--- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 πολιτείαν | det | high | |
| 13 | πολιτείαν | πολιτεία | NOUN | N-s---fa- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 14 ἐγγραφῆναι | obl | high | Object of the preposition ἐς within the infinitival clause. |
| 14 | ἐγγραφῆναι | ἐγγράφω | VERB | V--AN---- | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Pass | 16 καθέστηκεν | xcomp | high | Aorist passive infinitive, ‘be enrolled’. |
| 15 | πρότερον | πρότερος | ADV | D- | _ | 14 ἐγγραφῆναι | advmod | high | Adverbial accusative form. |
| 16 | καθέστηκεν | καθίστημι | VERB | V3SRIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | parataxis | medium | Finite verb of the second clause; analyzed as perfect active of καθίστημι. |
| 17 | οὐδενὶ | οὐδείς | PRON | P---md--- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Ind | 16 καθέστηκεν | iobj | medium | Dative of reference; gender is morphologically masculine/neuter syncretic. |
| 18 | πρὶν | πρίν | SCONJ | C- | _ | 20 ἐφηβεύσωσιν | mark | high | Temporal subordinator governing the following subjunctive with ἄν. |
| 19 | ἂν | ἄν | PART | X- | _ | 20 ἐφηβεύσωσιν | aux | high | Modal particle with the subjunctive. |
| 20 | ἐφηβεύσωσιν | ἐφηβεύω | VERB | V3PAAS--- | Mood=Sub|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 16 καθέστηκεν | advcl | high | Temporal subordinate clause: ‘before they become ephebes’. |
| 21 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 καθέστηκεν | punct | high |
ἐνταῦθα ἀνὴρ Πελληνεὺς ἕστηκε Πρόμαχος ὁ Δρύωνος, ἀνελόμενος παγκρατίου νίκας, τὴν μὲν Ὀλυμπίασι, τρεῖς δʼ Ἰσθμίων καὶ Νεμέᾳ δύο·
ἕστηκε is perfect active 3sg of ἵστημι with present-like stative sense ‘stands’; Πρόμαχος is appositional subject, while the participle governs an accusative tally of victories, with omitted repeated νίκας in the subsequent coordinated phrases.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐνταῦθα | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-D | _ | 4 ἕστηκε | advmod | high | |
| 2 | ἀνὴρ | ἀνήρ | NOUN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἕστηκε | nsubj | high | |
| 3 | Πελληνεὺς | Πελληνεύς | PROPN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 2 ἀνὴρ | appos | high | Ethnic name used appositionally. |
| 4 | ἕστηκε | ἵστημι | VERB | V-RIA3S- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Perf|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Stative perfect, translated as present ‘stands’. |
| 5 | Πρόμαχος | Πρόμαχος | PROPN | N----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἕστηκε | appos | high | Personal name in apposition to ἀνήρ. |
| 6 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | P----NSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Δρύωνος | det | high | |
| 7 | Δρύωνος | Δρύων | PROPN | N----GSM- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 Πρόμαχος | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitive identifier. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἕστηκε | punct | high | |
| 9 | ἀνελόμενος | ἀναιρέω | VERB | V-AMPNSM- | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 4 ἕστηκε | advcl | high | Circumstantial participle, coreferential with the subject. |
| 10 | παγκρατίου | παγκράτιον | NOUN | N----GSN- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 11 νίκας | nmod | high | Genitive of the event/discipline: victories in pankration. |
| 11 | νίκας | νίκη | NOUN | N----AFP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 9 ἀνελόμενος | obj | high | |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 9 ἀνελόμενος | punct | high | |
| 13 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | P----AFS- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 15 Ὀλυμπίασι | det | high | Article substantively marks the first victory count; νίκαν is understood. |
| 14 | μὲν | μέν | PART | Df | _ | 13 τὴν | advmod | high | Correlative μέν with δʼ. |
| 15 | Ὀλυμπίασι | Ὀλύμπια | PROPN | N-----DP- | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 νίκας | obl | medium | Locative/dative plural of the Olympic games; dependent on the understood count. |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 13 τὴν | punct | high | |
| 17 | τρεῖς | τρεῖς | NUM | M----AFP- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 11 νίκας | conj | high | Accusative numeral in the coordinated elliptical tally. |
| 18 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 17 τρεῖς | cc | high | Correlative counterpart to μέν. |
| 19 | Ἰσθμίων | Ἴσθμια | PROPN | N-----GP- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 τρεῖς | nmod | high | Genitive plural with τρεῖς: three victories at the Isthmian games. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 21 Νεμέᾳ | cc | high | |
| 21 | Νεμέᾳ | Νέμεια | PROPN | N-----DS- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 17 τρεῖς | conj | high | Dative/locative place-name, coordinated with Ἰσθμίων. |
| 22 | δύο | δύο | NUM | M-----AP- | Case=Acc|Number=Plur | 17 τρεῖς | conj | medium | Second coordinated numeral; νίκας is understood. |
| 23 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἕστηκε | punct | high |
καὶ αὐτοῦ καὶ εἰκόνας ποιήσαντες οἱ Πελληνεῖς τὴν μὲν ἐς Ὀλυμπίαν ἀνέθεσαν, τὴν δὲ ἐν τῷ γυμνασίῳ, λίθου ταύτην καὶ οὐ χαλκοῦ.
The second object is an elliptical continuation of the μέν/δέ construction: the two substantivized feminine articles refer to two images; ταύτην and the material genitives supply an elliptical predicate ('this one [was] of stone and not of bronze').
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 5 ποιήσαντες | cc | high | |
| 2 | αὐτοῦ | αὐτός | PRON | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 εἰκόνας | nmod | medium | Genitive of reference/association with εἰκόνας: 'images of him'. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 4 εἰκόνας | cc | high | |
| 4 | εἰκόνας | εἰκών | NOUN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 5 ποιήσαντες | obj | high | |
| 5 | ποιήσαντες | ποιέω | VERB | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 12 ἀνέθεσαν | advcl | high | Aorist participle, circumstantial to ἀνέθεσαν. |
| 6 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 Πελληνεῖς | det | high | |
| 7 | Πελληνεῖς | Πελληνεύς | PROPN | _ | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἀνέθεσαν | nsubj | high | |
| 8 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 Ὀλυμπίαν | det | high | Substantivized/elliptical with an understood feminine noun, likely εἰκόνα. |
| 9 | μὲν | μέν | PART | _ | _ | 12 ἀνέθεσαν | discourse | high | Correlative μέν with δέ. |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | _ | _ | 11 Ὀλυμπίαν | case | high | |
| 11 | Ὀλυμπίαν | Ὀλυμπία | PROPN | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 12 ἀνέθεσαν | obl | high | |
| 12 | ἀνέθεσαν | ἀνατίθημι | VERB | _ | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἀνέθεσαν | punct | high | |
| 14 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 ταύτην | det | high | Substantivized/elliptical with an understood feminine noun, likely εἰκόνα. |
| 15 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | _ | _ | 12 ἀνέθεσαν | cc | high | Correlative δέ with μέν. |
| 16 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | _ | _ | 18 γυμνασίῳ | case | high | |
| 17 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 18 γυμνασίῳ | det | high | |
| 18 | γυμνασίῳ | γυμνάσιον | NOUN | _ | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 12 ἀνέθεσαν | obl | high | |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 18 γυμνασίῳ | punct | high | |
| 20 | λίθου | λίθος | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ταύτην | nmod | high | Partitive/material genitive: 'this one [was] of stone'. |
| 21 | ταύτην | οὗτος | PRON | _ | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 18 γυμνασίῳ | appos | medium | Resumes the second substantivized τὴν; the clause is verbless/elliptical. |
| 22 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | _ | _ | 24 χαλκοῦ | cc | high | |
| 23 | οὐ | οὐ | PART | _ | _ | 24 χαλκοῦ | advmod | high | Negates the elided copular predicate. |
| 24 | χαλκοῦ | χαλκός | NOUN | _ | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 ταύτην | conj | medium | Elliptical contrast with λίθου: 'not of bronze'; coordinated material predicate. |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 12 ἀνέθεσαν | punct | high |