Grammar parses for passage 8.25.2
Open translation for this passage
τοῦ δὲ ἱεροῦ τούτου σταδίους τεσσαράκοντα μάλιστα ἀφέστηκεν ἡ πόλις·
The city is the subject of ἀφέστηκεν, with τοῦ ἱεροῦ τούτου as the genitive point of reference/source; σταδίους τεσσαράκοντα is the measure of distance, and μάλιστα modifies the measure.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T----GNS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἱεροῦ | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 ἀφέστηκεν | cc | high | |
| 3 | ἱεροῦ | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-----GNS- | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἀφέστηκεν | obl | high | Substantivized adjective/noun, genitive of reference or separation. |
| 4 | τούτου | οὗτος | DET | D----GNS- | Case=Gen|Dem=Dem|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 3 ἱεροῦ | det | high | |
| 5 | σταδίους | στάδιον | NOUN | N-----APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 8 ἀφέστηκεν | obl | high | Accusative of measure/distance. |
| 6 | τεσσαράκοντα | τεσσαράκοντα | NUM | M-----APM- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 σταδίους | nummod | high | |
| 7 | μάλιστα | μάλιστα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 5 σταδίους | advmod | high | |
| 8 | ἀφέστηκεν | ἀφίστημι | VERB | V-RAI-3S- | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Perfect with present/resultative force: 'is separated/distant'. |
| 9 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T----NFS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 πόλις | det | high | |
| 10 | πόλις | πόλις | NOUN | N-----NFS- | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 ἀφέστηκεν | nsubj | high | |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 8 ἀφέστηκεν | punct | high |
τεθῆναι δὲ αὐτῇ ὄνομα ἀπὸ νύμφης λέγουσι Θελπούσης, ταύτην δὲ θυγατέρα εἶναι Λάδωνος.
Infinitival subject of λέγουσι: τεθῆναι ὄνομα αὐτῇ, with ἀπὸ νύμφης Θελπούσης explaining the name; a second accusative-and-infinitive clause gives the identity of ταύτην. The antecedent of αὐτῇ is context-dependent and its dative function is uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τεθῆναι | τίθημι | VERB | V--AMN | Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 7 λέγουσι | csubj | high | Aorist passive infinitive, subject of λέγουσι. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 7 λέγουσι | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | αὐτῇ | αὐτός | PRON | P-----DS3- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 4 ὄνομα | iobj | medium | Dative; likely recipient/possessor associated with ὄνομα, antecedent supplied by context. |
| 4 | ὄνομα | ὄνομα | NOUN | N----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 τεθῆναι | nsubj | high | Neuter nominative subject of the passive infinitive. |
| 5 | ἀπὸ | ἀπό | ADP | R-------- | _ | 6 νύμφης | case | high | Preposition governing the genitive. |
| 6 | νύμφης | νύμφη | NOUN | N----GSF- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 8 Θελπούσης | obl | high | Genitive complement of ἀπό, expanded by Θελπούσης. |
| 7 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb, ‘they say’. |
| 8 | Θελπούσης | Θελπούσα | PROPN | N--GFS--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 νύμφης | appos | high | Proper-name apposition to νύμφης. |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 λέγουσι | punct | high | |
| 10 | ταύτην | οὗτος | PRON | P-----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 13 εἶναι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive εἶναι. |
| 11 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 13 εἶναι | cc | high | Postpositive connective introducing the second infinitival clause. |
| 12 | θυγατέρα | θυγάτηρ | NOUN | N----ASF- | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 13 εἶναι | xcomp | high | Accusative predicate complement of εἶναι. |
| 13 | εἶναι | εἰμί | AUX | V--PAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 7 λέγουσι | ccomp | high | Present infinitive in a second accusative-and-infinitive clause governed by λέγουσι. |
| 14 | Λάδωνος | Λάδων | PROPN | N--GMS--- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 θυγατέρα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on θυγατέρα, indicating parentage. |
| 15 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 λέγουσι | punct | high |
τῷ δὲ Λάδωνι ἄρχεται μὲν τὸ ὕδωρ ἐν πηγαῖς τῆς Κλειτορίας, καθὰ ὁ λόγος ἐδήλωσεν ἤδη μοι·
The dative τῷ Λάδωνι is a topical/possessive dative with ἄρχεται, while τὸ ὕδωρ is the subject; καθὰ introduces a comparative explanatory clause, and μοι is a dative of reference with ἐδήλωσεν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 Λάδωνι | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 ἄρχεται | cc | high | |
| 3 | Λάδωνι | Λάδων | PROPN | N-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 ἄρχεται | iobj | medium | Topical/possessive dative; the river is the entity whose water begins. |
| 4 | ἄρχεται | ἄρχομαι | VERB | V-PMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 5 | μὲν | μέν | PART | X-------- | _ | 4 ἄρχεται | discourse | high | Correlative μέν; no following δέ is expressed in this sentence. |
| 6 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 ὕδωρ | det | high | |
| 7 | ὕδωρ | ὕδωρ | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἄρχεται | nsubj | medium | Accusative form with middle ἄρχεται, likely an accusative subject/content construction; semantically the water begins. |
| 8 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 9 πηγαῖς | case | high | |
| 9 | πηγαῖς | πηγή | NOUN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 ἄρχεται | obl | high | Locative ἐν-phrase. |
| 10 | τῆς | ὁ | DET | T-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 Κλειτορίας | det | high | |
| 11 | Κλειτορίας | Κλειτορία | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 πηγαῖς | nmod | high | Genitive modifying πηγαῖς. |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἄρχεται | punct | high | |
| 13 | καθὰ | καθά | SCONJ | C-------- | _ | 16 ἐδήλωσεν | mark | high | Comparative/subordinating conjunction introducing the explanatory clause. |
| 14 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 15 λόγος | det | high | |
| 15 | λόγος | λόγος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἐδήλωσεν | nsubj | high | |
| 16 | ἐδήλωσεν | δηλόω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|Voice=Act | 4 ἄρχεται | advcl | high | Aorist indicative; subject ὁ λόγος. |
| 17 | ἤδη | ἤδη | ADV | D-------- | _ | 16 ἐδήλωσεν | advmod | high | |
| 18 | μοι | ἐγώ | PRON | P-1DS---- | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=1 | 16 ἐδήλωσεν | iobj | high | Dative of reference/recipient. |
| 19 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἄρχεται | punct | high |
ῥεῖ δὲ πρῶτον μὲν παρὰ Λευκάσιον χωρίον καὶ Μεσόβοα καὶ διὰ τῶν Νάσων ἐπί τε Ὄρυγα τὸν καὶ Ἁλοῦντα ὀνομαζόμενον, ἐξ Ἁλοῦντος δὲ ἐπὶ Θαλιάδας τε καὶ ἐπὶ Δήμητρος ἱερὸν κάτεισιν Ἐλευσινίας.
The river is the understood subject of ῥεῖ and κάτεισιν; χωρίον, Μεσόβοα, and Νάσων are coordinated route complements. Ὄρυγα and Ἁλοῦντα are coordinated accusative names governed by ἐπί, with τὸν modifying Ὄρυγα and ὀνομαζόμενον agreeing with both only loosely; the final ἱερόν is the destination of κάτεισιν, with Ἐλευσινίας dependent on ἱερόν.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ῥεῖ | ῥέω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 32 κάτεισιν | conj | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 32 κάτεισιν | cc | high | |
| 3 | πρῶτον | πρῶτος | ADV | A-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 32 κάτεισιν | advmod | medium | Adverbial accusative/neuter form. |
| 4 | μὲν | μέν | PART | PART | _ | 32 κάτεισιν | discourse | high | |
| 5 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | PREP | _ | 7 χωρίον | case | high | |
| 6 | Λευκάσιον | Λευκάσιον | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 χωρίον | nmod | medium | Place-name; form is neuter accusative. |
| 7 | χωρίον | χωρίον | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 ῥεῖ | obl | high | |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 χωρίον | cc | high | |
| 9 | Μεσόβοα | Μεσόβοα | PROPN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 7 χωρίον | conj | medium | Place-name; coordinated route complement. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 χωρίον | cc | high | |
| 11 | διὰ | διά | ADP | PREP | _ | 13 Νάσων | case | high | |
| 12 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 13 Νάσων | det | high | |
| 13 | Νάσων | Νάσος | PROPN | N-GPF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 1 ῥεῖ | obl | high | Plural place-name. |
| 14 | ἐπί | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 16 Ὄρυγα | case | high | |
| 15 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 Ὄρυγα | cc | high | First member of correlative coordination with token 18. |
| 16 | Ὄρυγα | Ὄρυξ | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 1 ῥεῖ | obl | medium | Place-name; accusative after ἐπί. |
| 17 | τὸν | ὁ | DET | T-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 Ὄρυγα | det | high | |
| 18 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 19 Ἁλοῦντα | cc | high | Coordinates Ἁλοῦντα with Ὄρυγα. |
| 19 | Ἁλοῦντα | Ἁλοῦς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 Ὄρυγα | conj | medium | Place-name; accusative after ἐπί. |
| 20 | ὀνομαζόμενον | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PPM-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 16 Ὄρυγα | acl | medium | Participial modifier of the coordinated place-name phrase; agreement is formally masculine singular. |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 32 κάτεισιν | punct | high | |
| 22 | ἐξ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | _ | 23 Ἁλοῦντος | case | high | |
| 23 | Ἁλοῦντος | Ἁλοῦς | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 32 κάτεισιν | obl | high | Place-name; source complement of ἐξ. |
| 24 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 32 κάτεισιν | cc | high | |
| 25 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 26 Θαλιάδας | case | high | |
| 26 | Θαλιάδας | Θαλιάς | PROPN | N-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 32 κάτεισιν | obl | high | Destination after ἐπί. |
| 27 | τε | τε | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 26 Θαλιάδας | cc | high | Coordinates Θαλιάδας with the following ἐπί phrase. |
| 28 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 ἐπὶ | cc | high | Correlative coordinator with token 27. |
| 29 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | PREP | _ | 31 ἱερὸν | case | high | |
| 30 | Δήμητρος | Δημήτηρ | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 31 ἱερὸν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἱερόν. |
| 31 | ἱερὸν | ἱερόν | NOUN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 32 κάτεισιν | obl | high | Destination object of ἐπί. |
| 32 | κάτεισιν | κάτειμι | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 33 | Ἐλευσινίας | Ἐλευσίνιος | ADJ | A-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 31 ἱερὸν | amod | high | Agrees with an understood feminine θεᾶς/Δήμητρος; semantically specifies the sanctuary. |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 32 κάτεισιν | punct | high |