Grammar parses for passage 8.27.14
Open translation for this passage
ἔμελλε δὲ ἄρα οὐχ Ἕλλησιν ὁ Βορέας ἔσεσθαι μόνον τοῖς πᾶσιν ὄφελος, τοῦ Μήδων ναυτικοῦ ταῖς Σηπιάσι προσράξας τὰς πολλάς, ἀλλὰ καὶ Μεγαλοπολίτας ὁ ἄνεμος οὗτος ἐρρύσατο μὴ ἁλῶναι·
ἔμελλε governs the infinitive ἔσεσθαι, with ὄφελος as its predicate nominative and Ἕλλησιν as dative of reference; προσράξας is a circumstantial participle with τοῦ Μήδων ναυτικοῦ as genitive object/whole, while ἐρρύσατο governs Μεγαλοπολίτας and the complementary μὴ ἁλῶναι. The attachment of πᾶσιν is adjectival to τοῖς and semantically distributive; οὐχ scopes over μόνον.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἔμελλε | μέλλω | VERB | V-IAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imperfect|Voice=Act | 8 ἔσεσθαι | root | high | Imperfect of μέλλω with complementary infinitive. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 ἔμελλε | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἄρα | ἄρα | PART | PART | _ | 1 ἔμελλε | discourse | high | Inferential particle. |
| 4 | οὐχ | οὐ | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 8 ἔσεσθαι | advmod | high | Negates the infinitival predicate. |
| 5 | Ἕλλησιν | Ἕλλην | PROPN | N-DPD | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ὄφελος | iobj | high | Dative of reference or advantage. |
| 6 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Βορέας | det | high | Article with Βορέας. |
| 7 | Βορέας | Βορέας | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 8 ἔσεσθαι | nsubj | high | Subject of the infinitive ἔσεσθαι. |
| 8 | ἔσεσθαι | εἰμί | AUX | V-FMN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Future|Voice=Mid | 1 ἔμελλε | xcomp | high | Future infinitive dependent on ἔμελλε. |
| 9 | μόνον | μόνον | ADV | ADV | _ | 8 ἔσεσθαι | advmod | high | Adverbial μόνον, contrasted with ἀλλὰ καί. |
| 10 | τοῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 11 πᾶσιν | det | high | Article substantivally supporting πᾶσιν. |
| 11 | πᾶσιν | πᾶς | ADJ | A-DPN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 12 ὄφελος | amod | high | Neuter plural adjective, with τοῖς, modifying ὄφελος. |
| 12 | ὄφελος | ὄφελος | NOUN | N-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 8 ἔσεσθαι | nsubj | medium | Predicate noun with infinitival εἶναι; parser-style nsubj used despite predicative semantics. |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 19 προσράξας | punct | high | |
| 14 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ναυτικοῦ | det | high | Article with ναυτικοῦ. |
| 15 | Μήδων | Μῆδος | PROPN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 16 ναυτικοῦ | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ναυτικοῦ. |
| 16 | ναυτικοῦ | ναυτικός | NOUN | N-GSN | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 19 προσράξας | obj | medium | Substantivized neuter adjective, object of προσράξας. |
| 17 | ταῖς | ὁ | DET | T-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 18 Σηπιάσι | det | high | Article with Σηπιάσι. |
| 18 | Σηπιάσι | Σηπιάς | PROPN | N-DPF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 προσράξας | obl | high | Dative locative/goal complement of προσράξας. |
| 19 | προσράξας | προσρήγνυμι | VERB | V-AAP-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Act | 29 ἐρρύσατο | advcl | medium | Aorist circumstantial participle; exact lexical analysis of προσράσσω is somewhat uncertain. |
| 20 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 21 πολλάς | det | high | Article with πολλάς. |
| 21 | πολλάς | πολύς | ADJ | A-APF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 19 προσράξας | obj | medium | Accusative object, likely agreeing with an understood feminine noun for the many ships; coordination/ellipsis is compressed. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 23 ἀλλὰ | punct | high | |
| 23 | ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 29 ἐρρύσατο | cc | high | Adversative coordinator introducing the second benefit. |
| 24 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 25 Μεγαλοπολίτας | cc | high | Correlative καὶ with the preceding μόνον...ἀλλά καί construction. |
| 25 | Μεγαλοπολίτας | Μεγαλοπολίτης | PROPN | N-APM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 29 ἐρρύσατο | obj | high | Object of ἐρρύσατο. |
| 26 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 ἄνεμος | det | high | Article with ἄνεμος. |
| 27 | ἄνεμος | ἄνεμος | NOUN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 29 ἐρρύσατο | nsubj | high | Subject of ἐρρύσατο. |
| 28 | οὗτος | οὗτος | DET | D-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 27 ἄνεμος | det | high | Demonstrative determiner modifying ἄνεμος. |
| 29 | ἐρρύσατο | ῥύομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aorist|Voice=Mid | 0 ROOT | root | high | Main finite verb; middle voice means rescued or preserved for itself/its beneficiaries. |
| 30 | μὴ | μή | PART | PART | Polarity=Neg | 31 ἁλῶναι | advmod | high | Infinitival negator. |
| 31 | ἁλῶναι | ἁλίσκομαι | VERB | V-2AAN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aorist|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Pass | 29 ἐρρύσατο | xcomp | high | Aorist passive infinitive, complementary to ἐρρύσατο: not to be captured. |
| 32 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 29 ἐρρύσατο | punct | high |
κατέλυσέ τε γὰρ τὸ μηχάνημα τοῦ Ἄγιδος καὶ διεφόρησεν ἐς ἀπώλειαν παντελῆ βιαίῳ τῷ πνεύματι ὁμοῦ καὶ συνεχεῖ.
Two coordinated aorist verbs share an understood subject, likely the μηχάνημα: it was dismantled and scattered/destroyed; βιαίῳ τῷ πνεύματι and συνεχεῖ are instrumental/depictive modifiers, with συνεχεῖ agreeing with πνεύματι. The exact attachment of ὁμοῦ καὶ συνεχεῖ is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | κατέλυσέ | καταλύω | VERB | V-AIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 9 διεφόρησεν | conj | high | Coordinated with διεφόρησεν; final accent reflects following enclitic τε. |
| 2 | τε | τε | CCONJ | 粒 | _ | 1 κατέλυσέ | cc | high | Enclitic coordinating particle. |
| 3 | γὰρ | γάρ | CCONJ | 粒 | _ | 1 κατέλυσέ | cc | high | Postpositive explanatory particle. |
| 4 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T-NSN | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 μηχάνημα | det | high | |
| 5 | μηχάνημα | μηχάνημα | NOUN | N-SNN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 1 κατέλυσέ | nsubj | medium | Likely shared nominative subject of both verbs; passive-like sense is lexically possible but morphology is active. |
| 6 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | T-GSM | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 Ἄγιδος | det | high | |
| 7 | Ἄγιδος | Ἄγις | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 5 μηχάνημα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on μηχάνημα. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | 粒 | _ | 9 διεφόρησεν | cc | high | Coordinates διεφόρησεν with κατέλυσέ. |
| 9 | διεφόρησεν | διαφέρω | VERB | V-AIA-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Root verb; coordinated with κατέλυσέ. |
| 10 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | P | _ | 11 ἀπώλειαν | case | high | |
| 11 | ἀπώλειαν | ἀπώλεια | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 διεφόρησεν | obl | high | Directional/resultative ἐς phrase. |
| 12 | παντελῆ | παντελής | ADJ | A-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἀπώλειαν | amod | high | |
| 13 | βιαίῳ | βίαιος | ADJ | A-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 πνεύματι | amod | high | |
| 14 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T-DSN | Case=Dat|Definite=Def|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 πνεύματι | det | high | |
| 15 | πνεύματι | πνεῦμα | NOUN | N-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 9 διεφόρησεν | obl | medium | Instrumental/dative of means: by a violent blast or force of wind. |
| 16 | ὁμοῦ | ὁμοῦ | ADV | D | _ | 18 συνεχεῖ | advmod | medium | Adverb meaning together/at once; attachment to συνεχεῖ is uncertain. |
| 17 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | 粒 | _ | 18 συνεχεῖ | cc | medium | Coordinates συνεχεῖ with an understood preceding modifier or adverbial notion. |
| 18 | συνεχεῖ | συνεχής | ADJ | A-DSN | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 15 πνεύματι | conj | medium | Agrees with πνεύματι; likely ‘continuous/unbroken’, though coordination with ὁμοῦ is syntactically compressed. |
| 19 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 9 διεφόρησεν | punct | high |
ὁ δὲ Ἆγις ὅτῳ τὰ ἐκ τοῦ Βορέου μὴ ἑλεῖν τὴν Μεγαλόπολιν ἐγένετο ἐμποδών, ἔστιν ὁ τὴν ἐν Ἀχαΐᾳ Πελλήνην ἀφαιρεθεὶς ὑπὸ Ἀράτου καὶ Σικυωνίων καὶ ὕστερον πρὸς Μαντινείᾳ χρησάμενος τῷ τέλει.
The sentence identifies Agis via a relative clause: the failure to take Megalopolis from the north wind became an impediment to him; ἔστιν introduces the identifying participial clause. The construction ὅτῳ ... ἐγένετο ἐμποδών is dative of reference/experiencer, while χρησάμενος governs τῷ τέλει.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 Ἆγις | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 Ἆγις | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Ἆγις | Ἆγις | PROPN | NPM-SNM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἔστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | ὅτῳ | ὅστις | PRON | P--DSM-- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 13 ἐγένετο | iobj | medium | Relative dative of reference/experiencer. |
| 5 | τὰ | ὁ | DET | RA-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Art | 10 ἑλεῖν | det | high | |
| 6 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | P-------- | _ | 8 Βορέου | case | high | |
| 7 | τοῦ | ὁ | DET | RA-GMS | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 8 Βορέου | det | high | |
| 8 | Βορέου | Βορέας | PROPN | NPM-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 ἐκ | obl | medium | Name of the north wind; genitive with ἐκ. |
| 9 | μὴ | μή | PART | T-------- | Polarity=Neg | 10 ἑλεῖν | advmod | high | |
| 10 | ἑλεῖν | αἱρέω | VERB | V--AAN-- | Aspect=Perf|VerbForm=Inf|Voice=Act | 13 ἐγένετο | nsubj | medium | Aorist active infinitive, with τὰ ... Μεγαλόπολιν as object; lexical form may be analyzed as αἱρέω despite stem ἑλ-. |
| 11 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 12 Μεγαλόπολιν | det | high | |
| 12 | Μεγαλόπολιν | Μεγαλόπολις | PROPN | NPM-SAF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἑλεῖν | obj | high | |
| 13 | ἐγένετο | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Aspect=Perf|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 16 ἔστιν | advcl | high | Aorist middle of γίγνομαι. |
| 14 | ἐμποδών | ἐμποδών | ADV | D-------- | _ | 13 ἐγένετο | xcomp | medium | Predicative adverbial complement meaning 'as an impediment'. |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἔστιν | punct | high | |
| 16 | ἔστιν | εἰμί | VERB | VSPAI3S | Aspect=Imp|Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular/existential verb introducing the identifying participial phrase. |
| 17 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | RA-NMS | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 22 ἀφαιρεθεὶς | det | high | Substantivizing article with the participle. |
| 18 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | RA-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 21 Πελλήνην | det | high | |
| 19 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | P-------- | _ | 20 Ἀχαΐᾳ | case | high | |
| 20 | Ἀχαΐᾳ | Ἀχαΐα | PROPN | NPF-SLF | Case=Loc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 21 Πελλήνην | obl | medium | Traditional Greek locative form; often morphologically syncretic with dative. |
| 21 | Πελλήνην | Πελλήνη | PROPN | NPF-SAF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 22 ἀφαιρεθεὶς | obj | high | |
| 22 | ἀφαιρεθεὶς | ἀφαιρέω | VERB | V-APP-NMS | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 16 ἔστιν | xcomp | high | Substantivized aorist passive participle, agreeing with implied Ἆγις. |
| 23 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P-------- | _ | 24 Ἀράτου | case | high | |
| 24 | Ἀράτου | Ἄρατος | PROPN | NPM-SGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 22 ἀφαιρεθεὶς | obl:agent | high | |
| 25 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 26 Σικυωνίων | cc | high | |
| 26 | Σικυωνίων | Σικυώνιος | PROPN | NPM-PGM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 24 Ἀράτου | conj | high | Co-agent coordinated with Ἀράτου. |
| 27 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 31 χρησάμενος | cc | high | |
| 28 | ὕστερον | ὕστερον | ADV | D-------- | _ | 31 χρησάμενος | advmod | high | |
| 29 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | P-------- | _ | 30 Μαντινείᾳ | case | high | With dative, 'at/in the vicinity of'. |
| 30 | Μαντινείᾳ | Μαντίνεια | PROPN | NPF-SDF | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 31 χρησάμενος | obl | high | |
| 31 | χρησάμενος | χράομαι | VERB | V-AMP-NMS | Aspect=Perf|Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 22 ἀφαιρεθεὶς | advcl | high | Aorist middle participle; χράομαι governs τῷ τέλει. |
| 32 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | RA-DSM | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 33 τέλει | det | high | |
| 33 | τέλει | τέλος | NOUN | N-SD-O | Case=Dat|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 31 χρησάμενος | obl | high | Dative complement of χρησάμενος. |
| 34 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 16 ἔστιν | punct | high |