Grammar parses for passage 8.27.4
Open translation for this passage
παρὰ δὲ Αἰγυτῶν Αἴγυς καὶ Σκιρτώνιον καὶ Μαλέα καὶ Κρῶμοι καὶ Βλένινα καὶ Λεῦκτρον·
Elliptical catalog sentence: παρὰ Αἰγύτων introduces a source/attribution phrase, with the listed place names coordinated as the understood predicate or objects of an omitted verb. Proper-name inflections are partly uncertain, especially Αἴγυς and the indeclinable-looking forms.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | παρὰ | παρά | ADP | R- | AdpType=Prep | 4 Αἴγυς | case | high | Preposition governing Αἰγύτων. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 4 Αἴγυς | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Αἰγυτῶν | Αἴγυς | PROPN | Ne---GPl | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 Αἴγυς | obl | low | Proper name; form and lemma are uncertain, treated as a genitive plural source designation. |
| 4 | Αἴγυς | Αἴγυς | PROPN | Ne-s---Nom | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | medium | First item in an elliptical catalog; nominative analysis assumes omitted copular/locative predicate. |
| 5 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 6 Σκιρτώνιον | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 6 | Σκιρτώνιον | Σκιρτώνιον | PROPN | Ne-s---Nom | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 Αἴγυς | conj | medium | Coordinated place name; nominative assumed. |
| 7 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 8 Μαλέα | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 8 | Μαλέα | Μαλέα | PROPN | Ne-s---Nom | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 Αἴγυς | conj | medium | Coordinated place name; nominative assumed. |
| 9 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 10 Κρῶμοι | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 10 | Κρῶμοι | Κρῶμοι | PROPN | Ne---Nom | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 4 Αἴγυς | conj | medium | Plural place name; nominative assumed. |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 12 Βλένινα | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 12 | Βλένινα | Βλένινα | PROPN | Ne-s---Nom | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 Αἴγυς | conj | low | Place name; form may be indeclinable or nominative singular neuter. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 14 Λεῦκτρον | cc | high | Coordinator. |
| 14 | Λεῦκτρον | Λεῦκτρον | PROPN | Ne-s---Nom | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 Αἴγυς | conj | medium | Final coordinated place name; nominative assumed. |
| 15 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 Αἴγυς | punct | high | Sentence punctuation. |
ἐκ δὲ Κυνουραίων τῶν ἐν Ἀρκαδίᾳ Γόρτυς καὶ Θεισόα ἡ πρὸς Λυκαίῳ καὶ Λυκαιᾶται καὶ Ἀλίφηρα·
Elliptical listing: ἐκ introduces the source group, with Κυνουραίων agreeing with τῶν and ἐν Ἀρκαδίᾳ modifying the omitted/understood inhabitants; the listed place-names are coordinated subjects/predicative items under an implicit verb such as εἰσί. The appositional phrase ἡ πρὸς Λυκαίῳ specifies Θεισόα.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | Case=Gen | 7 Γόρτυς | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 7 Γόρτυς | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | Κυνουραίων | Κυνουρεύς | NOUN | N-GenPl | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 τῶν | nmod | medium | Ethnic noun; substantival or modifying τῶν. |
| 4 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GenPl | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 Γόρτυς | det | medium | Article with substantivized/elliptical ethnic expression. |
| 5 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | PREP | Case=Dat | 6 Ἀρκαδίᾳ | case | high | |
| 6 | Ἀρκαδίᾳ | Ἀρκαδία | PROPN | N-DatS | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 3 Κυνουραίων | nmod | medium | Locative complement of ἐν; scope may extend to the ethnic expression. |
| 7 | Γόρτυς | Γόρτυς | PROPN | N-NomS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | medium | First item in an elliptical nominative list. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 Θεισόα | cc | high | |
| 9 | Θεισόα | Θεισόα | PROPN | N-NomS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Γόρτυς | conj | high | Coordinated place-name. |
| 10 | ἡ | ὁ | DET | T-NomS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 Θεισόα | det | high | Article introducing the identifying apposition. |
| 11 | πρὸς | πρός | ADP | PREP | Case=Dat | 12 Λυκαίῳ | case | high | |
| 12 | Λυκαίῳ | Λύκαιος | PROPN | N-DatS | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Θεισόα | nmod | high | Place-name in the identifying phrase πρὸς Λυκαίῳ. |
| 13 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 14 Λυκαιᾶται | cc | high | |
| 14 | Λυκαιᾶται | Λυκαιάτης | PROPN | N-NomPl | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 7 Γόρτυς | conj | high | Ethnic plural listed among the places/communities. |
| 15 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 16 Ἀλίφηρα | cc | high | |
| 16 | Ἀλίφηρα | Ἀλίφηρα | PROPN | N-NomS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Γόρτυς | conj | high | Final coordinated place-name. |
| 17 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 Γόρτυς | punct | high |
ἐκ δὲ τῶν συντελούντων ἐς Ὀρχομενὸν Θεισόα Μεθύδριον Τεῦθις·
Elliptical construction: ἐκ τῶν συντελούντων ἐς Ὀρχομενόν introduces the towns contributing to Orchomenus; the three place-names are coordinated appositional subjects/complements in the elliptical list. Θεισόα is indeclinable or a place-name form with uncertain case.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | Case=GEN | 4 συντελούντων | case | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 συντελούντων | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T- GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 4 συντελούντων | det | high | |
| 4 | συντελούντων | συντελέω | VERB | V-PAP-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Plur|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Substantivized participle, ‘those contributing/subject towns’. |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | Case=Acc | 6 Ὀρχομενὸν | case | high | Variant form of εἰς. |
| 6 | Ὀρχομενὸν | Ὀρχομενός | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 συντελούντων | obl | high | |
| 7 | Θεισόα | Θεισόα | PROPN | N-- | _ | 4 συντελούντων | conj | low | Place-name; inflectional case is uncertain in this elliptical list. |
| 8 | Μεθύδριον | Μεθύδριον | PROPN | N-ASN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 συντελούντων | conj | medium | Place-name; coordinated with the preceding listed names. |
| 9 | Τεῦθις | Τεῦθις | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 συντελούντων | conj | low | Place-name; form/case does not align transparently with the preceding accusative/elliptical construction. |
| 10 | · | · | PUNCT | U | _ | 4 συντελούντων | punct | high |
προσεγένετο δὲ καὶ Τρίπολις ὀνομαζομένη, Καλλία καὶ Δίποινα καὶ Νώνακρις.
The finite verb προσεγένετο has a coordinated subject Τρίπολις, with ὀνομαζομένη agreeing with it as a passive participial modifier; the three following names are coordinated appositional names for the city. The agreement of Καλλία, Δίποινα, and Νώνακρις with Τρίπολις is syntactically appositional despite differing nominal forms.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | προσεγένετο | προσγίγνομαι | VERB | V-3-SAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Aorist third-singular finite verb. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 προσεγένετο | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 Τρίπολις | cc | medium | Coordinates the subject with the preceding discourse; attachment to Τρίπολις is conventional but somewhat uncertain. |
| 4 | Τρίπολις | Τρίπολις | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 1 προσεγένετο | nsubj | high | Feminine proper name functioning as subject. |
| 5 | ὀνομαζομένη | ὀνομάζω | VERB | V-PMP-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|Voice=Pass | 4 Τρίπολις | acl | high | Present passive participle agreeing with Τρίπολις; ‘being called/named’. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 Τρίπολις | punct | high | |
| 7 | Καλλία | Καλλία | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 Τρίπολις | appos | medium | First appositional city-name; exact historical name-form may be interpreted differently. |
| 8 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 9 Δίποινα | cc | high | Coordinates the listed names. |
| 9 | Δίποινα | Δίποινα | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 Καλλία | conj | medium | Coordinated appositional city-name; proper-name morphology treated as feminine nominative singular. |
| 10 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 Νώνακρις | cc | high | Coordinates the final listed name. |
| 11 | Νώνακρις | Νώνακρις | PROPN | N-NSF | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 9 Δίποινα | conj | medium | Final coordinated appositional city-name; proper-name morphology treated as feminine nominative singular. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 προσεγένετο | punct | high |