Pausanias Analysis - Grammar 8.42.11

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Passage 8.42.11

Open translation for this passage

3sentences parsed

81Greek tokens

2,453input tokens

5,770output tokens

Sentence 1

8.42.11 sentence 1

Tokens: 10
Input: 659
Output: 769
Total: 1,428

ταύτης μάλιστα ἐγὼ τῆς Δήμητρος ἕνεκα ἐς Φιγαλίαν ἀφικόμην.

ἕνεκα governs the genitive phrase, with μάλιστα modifying the postposition; ἐγώ is the explicit subject of the finite verb.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ταύτης	οὗτος	DET	Pd--gfs-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Dem	5 Δήμητρος	det	high	Modifies Δήμητρος.
2	μάλιστα	μάλα	ADV	Df	_	6 ἕνεκα	advmod	high	Modifies ἕνεκα.
3	ἐγὼ	ἐγώ	PRON	Pp1s--n-	Case=Nom\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|PronType=Prs	9 ἀφικόμην	nsubj	high	Subject of ἀφικόμην.
4	τῆς	ὁ	DET	Pd--gfs-	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	5 Δήμητρος	det	high	Article with Δήμητρος.
5	Δήμητρος	Δήμητρα	PROPN	Npfsg	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	6 ἕνεκα	nmod	high	Genitive dependent of ἕνεκα.
6	ἕνεκα	ἕνεκα	ADP	R-	AdpType=Post	9 ἀφικόμην	obl	high	Postposition governing genitive.
7	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R-	AdpType=Prep	8 Φιγαλίαν	case	high	Preposition with Φιγαλίαν.
8	Φιγαλίαν	Φιγαλία	PROPN	Npfsa	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	9 ἀφικόμην	obl	high	Direction goal with ἐς.
9	ἀφικόμην	ἀφικνέομαι	VERB	V-1saia-	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|Tense=Aor\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Mid	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb; deponent aorist middle.
10	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	9 ἀφικόμην	punct	high	Sentence punctuation.

Sentence 2

8.42.11 sentence 2

Tokens: 55
Input: 1,075
Output: 3,795
Total: 4,870

καὶ ἔθυσα τῇ θεῷ, καθὰ καὶ οἱ ἐπιχώριοι νομίζουσιν, οὐδέν· τὰ δὲ ἀπὸ τῶν δένδρων τῶν ἡμέρων τά τε ἄλλα καὶ ἀμπέλου καρπὸν καὶ μελισσῶν τε κηρία καὶ ἐρίων τὰ μὴ ἐς ἐργασίαν πω ἥκοντα ἀλλὰ ἔτι ἀνάπλεα τοῦ οἰσύπου, ἃ τιθέασιν ἐπὶ τὸν βωμὸν τὸν ᾠκοδομημένον πρὸ τοῦ σπηλαίου,

The sentence is heavily paratactic and list-like; the main uncertainty is the internal attachment of the long offering list (tokens 14–44), which is best treated as coordinated/appositive items under the implicit object of τιθέασιν.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	2 ἔθυσα	cc	high	Coordinating conjunction linking the clause to the previous context.
2	ἔθυσα	θύω	VERB	VIAA-1S	Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=1\|Tense=Aor\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Main verb of the first clause.
3	τῇ	ὁ	DET	Atf3s	Case=Dat\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	4 θεῷ	det	high	Article modifying θεῷ.
4	θεῷ	θεός	NOUN	N-N-DS	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	2 ἔθυσα	iobj	high	Dative object of θύω.
5	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	2 ἔθυσα	punct	high	Punctuation.
6	καθὰ	καθά	SCONJ	_	_	10 νομίζουσιν	mark	medium	Introduces comparison/manner clause; form also seen as adverbial.
7	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	8 οἱ	cc	high	Coordinates within the subject phrase.
8	οἱ	ὁ	DET	Atm1p	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	9 ἐπιχώριοι	det	high	Article with ἐπιχώριοι.
9	ἐπιχώριοι	ἐπιχώριος	ADJ	A--NM-P	Case=Nom\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	10 νομίζουσιν	nsubj	high	Subject of νομίζουσιν.
10	νομίζουσιν	νομίζω	VERB	VPAI3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	2 ἔθυσα	advcl	high	Verb of comparative clause dependent on ἔθυσα.
11	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	10 νομίζουσιν	punct	high	Punctuation.
12	οὐδέν	οὐδείς	PRON	RI-NSN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	2 ἔθυσα	obj	medium	Likely adverbial accusative 'nothing' with ἔθυσα.
13	·	·	PUNCT	_	_	2 ἔθυσα	punct	high	Punctuation.
14	τὰ	ὁ	DET	Atpnn	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	46 τιθέασιν	obj	medium	Article introducing the list; syntactic attachment to omitted/copular or verbal head is uncertain.
15	δὲ	δέ	PART	_	_	14 τὰ	discourse	high	Postpositive connector.
16	ἀπὸ	ἀπό	ADP	R	_	18 δένδρων	case	high	Preposition governing the genitive.
17	τῶν	ὁ	DET	Atmgp	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	18 δένδρων	det	high	Article with δένδρων.
18	δένδρων	δένδρον	NOUN	N-PGN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	14 τὰ	nmod	high	Genitive complement of ἀπό.
19	τῶν	ὁ	DET	Atmgp	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	20 ἡμέρων	det	high	Article with ἡμέρων.
20	ἡμέρων	ἡμέρος	ADJ	A--FGP	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	18 δένδρων	amod	medium	Modifies δένδρων: 'cultivated' or 'fruit-bearing' trees.
21	τά	ὁ	DET	Atpnn	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	23 ἄλλα	det	high	Article with ἄλλα.
22	τε	τε	PART	_	_	21 τά	cc	high	Enclitic coordinating particle in list.
23	ἄλλα	ἄλλος	ADJ	A--NPN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	14 τὰ	appos	medium	Part of the list of offerings.
24	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	26 καρπὸν	cc	high	Coordinates list items.
25	ἀμπέλου	ἄμπελος	NOUN	N-SFG	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	26 καρπὸν	nmod	high	Genitive modifier of καρπόν.
26	καρπὸν	καρπός	NOUN	N-SMA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	14 τὰ	appos	high	Item in the list of offerings.
27	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	30 κηρία	cc	high	Coordinates another list item.
28	μελισσῶν	μέλισσα	NOUN	N-PFG	Case=Gen\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Plur	30 κηρία	nmod	high	Genitive modifier of κηρία.
29	τε	τε	PART	_	_	28 μελισσῶν	cc	high	Enclitic coordinating particle.
30	κηρία	κηρίον	NOUN	N-APN	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	14 τὰ	appos	high	Item in the list of offerings.
31	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	_	_	32 ἐρίων	cc	high	Coordinates next list item.
32	ἐρίων	ἔριον	NOUN	N-PGN	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	33 τὰ	nmod	high	Genitive modifier of τὰ.
33	τὰ	ὁ	DET	Atpnn	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|PronType=Art	38 ἥκοντα	nsubj	high	Article with participle.
34	μὴ	μή	PART	_	_	38 ἥκοντα	advmod	high	Negates the participle.
35	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R	_	36 ἐργασίαν	case	high	Preposition governing accusative.
36	ἐργασίαν	ἐργασία	NOUN	N-SFA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	38 ἥκοντα	obl	high	Complement of ἥκοντα.
37	πω	πω	PART	_	_	38 ἥκοντα	advmod	high	Adverb 'still/yet'.
38	ἥκοντα	ἥκω	VERB	V-PPA-NP	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	33 τὰ	amod	high	Participial modifier of τὰ.
39	ἀλλὰ	ἀλλά	CCONJ	_	_	41 ἀνάπλεα	cc	high	Adversative coordination.
40	ἔτι	ἔτι	ADV	D	_	41 ἀνάπλεα	advmod	high	Adverb modifying ἀνάπλεα.
41	ἀνάπλεα	ἀνάπλεος	ADJ	A--NPN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	38 ἥκοντα	conj	high	Predicative modifier coordinated with ἥκοντα.
42	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	Atmgp	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	43 οἰσύπου	det	high	Article with οἰσύπου.
43	οἰσύπου	οἴσυπος	NOUN	N-SMG	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	41 ἀνάπλεα	nmod	high	Genitive complement of ἀνάπλεα.
44	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	41 ἀνάπλεα	punct	high	Punctuation.
45	ἃ	ὅς	PRON	RR-NPN	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	46 τιθέασιν	obj	high	Relative pronoun referring to the offerings.
46	τιθέασιν	τίθημι	VERB	VPAI3P	Mood=Ind\|Number=Plur\|Person=3\|Tense=Pres\|Voice=Act	14 τὰ	acl:relcl	high	Relative clause modifying the offerings.
47	ἐπὶ	ἐπί	ADP	R	_	49 βωμὸν	case	high	Preposition governing accusative.
48	τὸν	ὁ	DET	Atmms	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	49 βωμὸν	det	high	Article with βωμὸν.
49	βωμὸν	βωμός	NOUN	N-SMA	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing	46 τιθέασιν	obl	high	Goal/location of τιθέασιν.
50	τὸν	ὁ	DET	Atmms	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	51 ᾠκοδομημένον	det	high	Article with ᾠκοδομημένον.
51	ᾠκοδομημένον	οἰκοδομέω	VERB	V-RPP-AMS	Case=Acc\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Sing\|Tense=Perf\|Voice=Pass	49 βωμὸν	amod	high	Participial modifier of βωμὸν.
52	πρὸ	πρό	ADP	R	_	54 σπηλαίου	case	high	Preposition governing genitive.
53	τοῦ	ὁ	DET	Atmgp	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing\|PronType=Art	54 σπηλαίου	det	high	Article with σπηλαίου.
54	σπηλαίου	σπήλαιον	NOUN	N-SNG	Case=Gen\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	51 ᾠκοδομημένον	obl	high	Prepositional phrase modifying ᾠκοδομημένον.
55	,	,	PUNCT	_	_	46 τιθέασιν	punct	high	Punctuation.

Sentence 4

8.42.11 sentence 4

Tokens: 16
Input: 719
Output: 1,206
Total: 1,925

ταῦτα ἰδιώταις τε ἀνδράσι καὶ ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος Φιγαλέων τῷ κοινῷ καθέστηκεν ἐς τὴν θυσίαν.

The main difficulty is the dative phrase τῷ κοινῷ Φιγαλέων, which is most naturally taken as a loose dative of reference/interest attached to the predicate.

#	Form	Lemma	UPOS	XPOS	Features	Head	DepRel	Conf.	Note
1	ταῦτα	οὗτος	PRON	PD--NP---	Case=Nom\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Plur	12 καθέστηκεν	nsubj	high	Likely subject of καθέστηκεν; nominative/accusative form identical, but syntax favors subject.
2	ἰδιώταις	ἰδιώτης	NOUN	NN-MP---D	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	12 καθέστηκεν	obl	high	Dative with τε...καί coordination.
3	τε	τε	CCONJ	G---------	_	2 ἰδιώταις	cc	high	Coordinating particle in correlative construction.
4	ἀνδράσι	ἀνήρ	NOUN	NN-MP---D	Case=Dat\|Gender=Masc\|Number=Plur	2 ἰδιώταις	conj	high	Second coordinated dative with καί.
5	καὶ	καί	CCONJ	G---------	_	4 ἀνδράσι	cc	high	Coordinator.
6	ἀνὰ	ἀνά	ADP	R---------	_	8 ἔτος	case	high	Preposition governing accusative of extent/distribution.
7	πᾶν	πᾶς	ADJ	A-NSA---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	8 ἔτος	amod	high	Modifies ἔτος.
8	ἔτος	ἔτος	NOUN	NNSN---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	12 καθέστηκεν	obl	high	Temporal distributive expression with ἀνά.
9	Φιγαλέων	Φιγαλεύς	PROPN	Ne-p---G	Case=Gen\|Number=Plur	10 τῷ	nmod	high	Genitive dependent of τῷ κοινῷ.
10	τῷ	ὁ	DET	l-s---nd-	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	11 κοινῷ	det	high	Article modifying κοινῷ.
11	κοινῷ	κοινός	ADJ	A-DS---	Case=Dat\|Gender=Neut\|Number=Sing	12 καθέστηκεν	obl	medium	Best taken as dative of reference/interest with genitive Φιγαλέων, though exact relation is somewhat loose.
12	καθέστηκεν	καθίστημι	VERB	V-PAI-3S	Aspect=Perf\|Mood=Ind\|Number=Sing\|Person=3\|Tense=Perf\|VerbForm=Fin\|Voice=Act	0 ROOT	root	high	Perfect form with present sense; sentence predicate.
13	ἐς	εἰς	ADP	R---------	_	15 θυσίαν	case	high	Preposition governing accusative.
14	τὴν	ὁ	DET	l-s---fa-	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	15 θυσίαν	det	high	Article modifying θυσίαν.
15	θυσίαν	θυσία	NOUN	N-ASF---	Case=Acc\|Gender=Fem\|Number=Sing	12 καθέστηκεν	obl	high	Goal/destination with ἐς.
16	.	.	PUNCT	_	_	12 καθέστηκεν	punct	high	Sentence-final punctuation.

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