Grammar parses for passage 8.52.6
Open translation for this passage
τὸ δὲ ἐπίγραμμά ἐστιν ἐπὶ τῷ Φιλοποίμενι τὸ ἐν Τεγέᾳ·
The sentence has a copular predicate: τὸ ἐπίγραμμα is identified with τὸ ἐν Τεγέᾳ, while ἐπὶ τῷ Φιλοποίμενι specifies the subject matter or placement of the inscription; the exact semantic force of ἐπί is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 3 ἐπίγραμμά | det | high | |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | C-------- | _ | 3 ἐπίγραμμά | cc | high | Postpositive connective. |
| 3 | ἐπίγραμμά | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N-----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 4 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | AUX | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular verb. |
| 5 | ἐπὶ | ἐπί | ADP | R-------- | _ | 7 Φιλοποίμενι | case | medium | Prepositional phrase likely specifies the subject or location/topic of the inscription. |
| 6 | τῷ | ὁ | DET | T----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 7 Φιλοποίμενι | det | high | |
| 7 | Φιλοποίμενι | Φιλοποίμην | PROPN | Ne----DSM- | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 3 ἐπίγραμμά | obl | medium | Dative governed by ἐπί; semantic relation may be topic, dedication, or location. |
| 8 | τὸ | ὁ | DET | T----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Art | 10 Τεγέᾳ | det | high | Article substantivizes the following prepositional phrase. |
| 9 | ἐν | ἐν | ADP | R-------- | _ | 10 Τεγέᾳ | case | high | |
| 10 | Τεγέᾳ | Τεγέα | PROPN | Ne----DSF- | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 ἐστιν | attr | medium | τὸ ἐν Τεγέᾳ is a neuter nominalized locative phrase functioning as the predicate complement. |
| 11 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 ἐστιν | punct | high |
τοῦδʼ ἀρετὰ καὶ δόξα καθʼ Ἑλλάδα, πολλὰ μὲν ἀλκαῖς, πολλὰ δὲ καὶ βουλαῖς ἔργα πονησαμένου, Ἀρκάδος αἰχμητᾶ Φιλοποίμενος, ᾧ μέγα κῦδος ἕσπετʼ ἐνὶ πτολέμῳ δούρατος ἁγεμόνι.
Poetic syntax is compressed: ἀρετά/δόξα form an elliptical nominal assertion, while the genitive participle and the relative clause elaborate Φιλοποίμην; κῦδος may be formally accusative despite its subject-like role.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦδʼ | οὗτος | PRON | neut.gen.sg.dem | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 4 δόξα | nmod | medium | Genitive demonstrative, likely dependent on δόξα/ἀρετά in a poetic nominal clause. |
| 2 | ἀρετὰ | ἀρετή | NOUN | fem.nom.sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 δόξα | conj | medium | Poetic nominative singular; coordinated with δόξα. |
| 3 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | conj | _ | 2 ἀρετὰ | cc | high | |
| 4 | δόξα | δόξα | NOUN | fem.nom.sg | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Predicate/topic noun in an elliptical nominal sentence. |
| 5 | καθʼ | κατά | ADP | prep | _ | 6 Ἑλλάδα | case | high | Elided κατά. |
| 6 | Ἑλλάδα | Ἑλλάς | PROPN | fem.acc.sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 4 δόξα | obl | high | Accusative with κατά, distributive/locative in sense. |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 δόξα | punct | high | |
| 8 | πολλὰ | πολύς | ADJ | neut.acc.pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 16 ἔργα | amod | medium | Neuter plural used substantivally with ἔργα. |
| 9 | μὲν | μέν | PART | part | _ | 10 ἀλκαῖς | advmod | high | |
| 10 | ἀλκαῖς | ἀλκή | NOUN | fem.dat.pl | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 πονησαμένου | obl | high | Dative of means. |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 17 πονησαμένου | punct | high | |
| 12 | πολλὰ | πολύς | ADJ | neut.acc.pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 16 ἔργα | amod | medium | Coordinated with token 8 and substantival/modifying ἔργα. |
| 13 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | conj | _ | 15 βουλαῖς | cc | high | |
| 14 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | conj | _ | 15 βουλαῖς | cc | high | |
| 15 | βουλαῖς | βουλή | NOUN | fem.dat.pl | Case=Dat|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 17 πονησαμένου | obl | high | Dative of means, paired with ἀλκαῖς. |
| 16 | ἔργα | ἔργον | NOUN | neut.acc.pl | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 17 πονησαμένου | obj | medium | Object of the participle; πολλὰ modifies it. |
| 17 | πονησαμένου | πονέω | VERB | part.aor.mid.gen.sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Mood=Part|Number=Sing|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 21 Φιλοποίμενος | acl | medium | Genitive participle agreeing with Φιλοποίμενος; genitive absolute-like descriptive construction. |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 Φιλοποίμενος | punct | high | |
| 19 | Ἀρκάδος | Ἀρκάς | PROPN | masc.gen.sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 Φιλοποίμενος | appos | high | Appositional ethnic designation for Φιλοποίμενος. |
| 20 | αἰχμητᾶ | αἰχμητής | NOUN | masc.voc.sg | Case=Voc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 21 Φιλοποίμενος | appos | medium | Poetic vocative/appositional form; exact syntactic case is uncertain. |
| 21 | Φιλοποίμενος | Φιλοποίμην | PROPN | masc.gen.sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 4 δόξα | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on the praise nouns; the participle agrees with it. |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 21 Φιλοποίμενος | punct | high | |
| 23 | ᾧ | ὅς | PRON | masc.dat.sg.rel | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Rel | 26 ἕσπετʼ | iobj | medium | Relative dative, likely referring to Φιλοποίμενος and functioning as the recipient/possessor of κῦδος. |
| 24 | μέγα | μέγας | ADJ | neut.acc.sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 25 κῦδος | amod | high | |
| 25 | κῦδος | κῦδος | NOUN | neut.acc.sg | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 26 ἕσπετʼ | nsubj | medium | Subject of ἕσπετʼ, with accusative/nominative ambiguity in poetic usage. |
| 26 | ἕσπετʼ | ἕπομαι | VERB | impf.mid.ind.3sg | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Imp|Voice=Mid | 4 δόξα | acl:relcl | medium | Imperfect middle, ‘followed’; relative clause attached to Φιλοποίμενος/praise phrase. |
| 27 | ἐνὶ | ἐν | ADP | prep | _ | 28 πτολέμῳ | case | high | Poetic form of ἐν. |
| 28 | πτολέμῳ | πόλεμος | NOUN | masc.dat.sg | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 ἕσπετʼ | obl | high | Dative object of ἐν. |
| 29 | δούρατος | δόρυ | NOUN | neut.gen.sg | Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 30 ἁγεμόνι | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on ἁγεμόνι, probably ‘leader of the spear/warriors’. |
| 30 | ἁγεμόνι | ἡγεμών | NOUN | masc.dat.sg | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 ἕσπετʼ | obl | low | Poetic/semantically difficult dative phrase; likely instrumental or predicative with δούρατος genitive. |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 4 δόξα | punct | high |
μανύει δὲ τρόπαια τετυγμένα δισσὰ τυράννων Σπάρτας· αὐξομέναν δʼ ἄρατο δουλοσύναν.
The lyric syntax is compressed: τετυγμένα modifies τρόπαια, while Σπάρτας is a possessive genitive with τυράννων; αὐξομέναν and δουλοσύναν are dialectal forms in the second clause, whose exact syntactic relation is somewhat uncertain.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | μανύει | μηνύω | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Dialectal/poetic form; interpreted as present active indicative, ‘reveals’. |
| 2 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 1 μανύει | cc | high | |
| 3 | τρόπαια | τρόπαιον | NOUN | N-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 1 μανύει | obj | high | |
| 4 | τετυγμένα | τεύχω | VERB | V-RMP-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur|Tense=Perf|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass | 3 τρόπαια | acl | medium | Perfect passive participle, agreeing with τρόπαια; τετυγμένα is a poetic form. |
| 5 | δισσὰ | δισσός | ADJ | A-APN | Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Plur | 3 τρόπαια | amod | high | |
| 6 | τυράννων | τύραννος | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 τρόπαια | nmod | medium | Genitive may characterize the trophies as those of tyrants. |
| 7 | Σπάρτας | Σπάρτη | PROPN | N-GSF | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 6 τυράννων | nmod | medium | Dialectal genitive; dependent on τυράννων, ‘tyrants of Sparta’. |
| 8 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 μανύει | punct | high | |
| 9 | αὐξομέναν | αὐξάνω | VERB | V-PMP-AFM | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Mid | 11 ἄρατο | advcl | low | Dialectal accusative feminine participle; exact attachment and voice are uncertain. |
| 10 | δʼ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 11 ἄρατο | cc | high | Elided form of δέ. |
| 11 | ἄρατο | αἴρω | VERB | V-AMI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 1 μανύει | conj | medium | Interpreted as aorist middle indicative, ‘raised/took up’; subject is implicit. |
| 12 | δουλοσύναν | δουλοσύνη | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἄρατο | obj | medium | Dialectal accusative; likely object of ἄρατο, though the compressed lyric syntax is uncertain. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 1 μανύει | punct | high |
ὧν ἕνεκεν Τεγέα μεγαλόφρονα Κραύγιδος υἱόν στᾶσεν, ἀμωμήτου κράντορʼ ἐλευθερίας.
Relative ὧν with postposition ἕνεκεν means ‘on account of whom/which’; Τεγέα is the subject of στᾶσεν, with μεγαλόφρονα and υἱόν forming the object-plus-predicate accusative construction. The final phrase is compressed and textually/ syntactically uncertain: κράντορʼ is an accusative epithet or appositional noun governed by στᾶσεν, while ἀμωμήτου ἐλευθερίας is genitive, likely dependent on κράντορα (‘blameless arbiter of freedom’).
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ὧν | ὅς | PRON | RF-GP | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc,Fem,Neut|Number=Plur|PronType=Rel | 2 ἕνεκεν | obl | high | Genitive relative pronoun governed by the postposition ἕνεκεν. |
| 2 | ἕνεκεν | ἕνεκα | ADP | S---G- | Case=Gen | 7 στᾶσεν | case | high | Postposition taking the genitive relative pronoun. |
| 3 | Τεγέα | Τεγέα | PROPN | 基本 | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 7 στᾶσεν | nsubj | medium | Place-name in nominative, construed as the subject/personified agent of στᾶσεν. |
| 4 | μεγαλόφρονα | μεγαλόφρων | ADJ | A-S---AM- | Case=Acc|Degree=Pos|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 υἱόν | amod | high | Accusative masculine singular adjective modifying υἱόν. |
| 5 | Κραύγιδος | Κραῦγις | PROPN | N--SG- | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 6 υἱόν | nmod | high | Patronymic/genitive dependent on υἱόν: ‘son of Kraugis’. |
| 6 | υἱόν | υἱός | NOUN | N-AS-M- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 στᾶσεν | obj | high | Accusative object of στᾶσεν; with μεγαλόφρονα, likely a predicative accusative construction. |
| 7 | στᾶσεν | ἵστημι | VERB | V---AAI- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | medium | Aorist active form; contextually ‘set up/erected’ rather than intransitive ‘stood’. |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 στᾶσεν | punct | high | |
| 9 | ἀμωμήτου | ἀμώμητος | ADJ | A-S---FG- | Case=Gen|Degree=Pos|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 11 ἐλευθερίας | amod | high | Genitive feminine singular modifying ἐλευθερίας. |
| 10 | κράντορʼ | κράντωρ | NOUN | N-AS-M- | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 7 στᾶσεν | obj | low | Elided final vowel; accusative singular. Its exact syntactic relation is uncertain, perhaps a second object or appositional/predicative designation of υἱόν. |
| 11 | ἐλευθερίας | ἐλευθερία | NOUN | N-GS-F- | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 κράντορʼ | nmod | medium | Genitive dependent on κράντορα, likely ‘arbiter/champion of freedom’; construction is compressed. |
| 12 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | _ | 7 στᾶσεν | punct | high |
τοῦτο μὲν δὴ ἐνταῦθά ἐστιν ἐπίγραμμα·
τοῦτο is the demonstrative subject of ἐστιν; ἐπίγραμμα is a nominative predicate noun. μὲν δή are discourse particles, and ἐνταῦθα is a locative adverb.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | τοῦτο | οὗτος | PRON | PDN-NSN | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 5 ἐστιν | nsubj | high | |
| 2 | μὲν | μέν | PART | 把 | _ | 5 ἐστιν | advmod | high | Discourse particle. |
| 3 | δὴ | δή | PART | 把 | _ | 5 ἐστιν | advmod | high | Emphatic/discourse particle. |
| 4 | ἐνταῦθά | ἐνταῦθα | ADV | D-------- | _ | 5 ἐστιν | advmod | high | Locative adverb; final accent before enclitic-like context or punctuation. |
| 5 | ἐστιν | εἰμί | VERB | V3SPIA--- | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 6 | ἐπίγραμμα | ἐπίγραμμα | NOUN | N-----NSN- | Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing | 5 ἐστιν | xcomp | high | Predicate nominative with copular εἰμί. |
| 7 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | _ | 5 ἐστιν | punct | high |