Grammar parses for passage 9.18.1
Open translation for this passage
ἐκ Θηβῶν δὲ ὁδὸς ἐς Χαλκίδα κατὰ πύλας ταύτας ἐστὶ τὰς Προιτίδας.
The copular clause has ὁδός as subject and Χαλκίδα as an accusative of direction with ἐς; κατὰ πύλας ταύτας τὰς Προιτίδας identifies the route by the Proetid Gates. The relative/identificatory accusative phrase after ἐστὶ is syntactically somewhat compressed.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | ἐκ | ἐκ | ADP | PREP | Case=Gen | 2 Θηβῶν | case | high | |
| 2 | Θηβῶν | Θῆβαι | PROPN | Neut-Fem? | Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 4 ὁδὸς | obl | high | Plural feminine place-name; ἐκ governs the genitive. |
| 3 | δὲ | δέ | CCONJ | CONJ | _ | 4 ὁδὸς | cc | high | |
| 4 | ὁδὸς | ὁδός | NOUN | N-NFS | Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστὶ | nsubj | high | |
| 5 | ἐς | εἰς | ADP | PREP | Case=Acc | 6 Χαλκίδα | case | high | Epic/poetic form of εἰς. |
| 6 | Χαλκίδα | Χαλκίς | PROPN | N-AFS | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 10 ἐστὶ | obl | high | Accusative of destination with ἐς. |
| 7 | κατὰ | κατά | ADP | PREP | Case=Acc | 8 πύλας | case | high | Here κατά with accusative indicates route/location along or by the gates. |
| 8 | πύλας | πύλη | NOUN | N-AFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 10 ἐστὶ | obl | high | |
| 9 | ταύτας | οὗτος | DET | D-AFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 πύλας | det | high | Demonstrative agrees with πύλας. |
| 10 | ἐστὶ | εἰμί | VERB | V-PAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | Copular predicate. |
| 11 | τὰς | ὁ | DET | T-AFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 12 Προιτίδας | det | high | Article with Προιτίδας. |
| 12 | Προιτίδας | Προιτίς | ADJ | A-AFP | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | 8 πύλας | amod | medium | Substantivized/epithetic adjective, ‘Proetid’; the phrase τὰς Προιτίδας identifies πύλας. |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | PUNCT | _ | 10 ἐστὶ | punct | high |
καὶ ἡνίκα ἐπεστράτευσαν οἱ Ἀργεῖοι, Τυδέα ὁ Μελάνιππος οὗτος καὶ ἀδελφῶν τῶν Ἀδράστου Μηκιστέα ἀπέκτεινε, καί οἱ καὶ αὐτῷ τὴν τελευτὴν ὑπὸ Ἀμφιαράου γενέσθαι λέγουσι.
The first clause is temporal (ἡνίκα ...); Τυδέα is the object of ἀπέκτεινε, with ὁ Μελάνιππος οὗτος as a delayed appositional subject. In the final clause, οἱ is a dative pronoun with γενέσθαι, while αὐτῷ is the dative experiencer/possessor; ὑπό plus genitive marks the agent of the implied passive notion ‘death be brought about’.
| # | Form | Lemma | UPOS | XPOS | Features | Head | DepRel | Conf. | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | τε καί | Polarity=Pos | 16 ἀπέκτεινε | cc | high | |
| 2 | ἡνίκα | ἡνίκα | SCONJ | Adv | _ | 3 ἐπεστράτευσαν | mark | high | Temporal subordinator. |
| 3 | ἐπεστράτευσαν | ἐπιστρατεύω | VERB | V-AIA-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 16 ἀπέκτεινε | advcl | high | |
| 4 | οἱ | ὁ | DET | T-NPM | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 5 Ἀργεῖοι | det | high | |
| 5 | Ἀργεῖοι | Ἀργεῖος | PROPN | N-NPM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 3 ἐπεστράτευσαν | nsubj | high | Ethnic name used substantivally. |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | Punc | _ | 3 ἐπεστράτευσαν | punct | high | |
| 7 | Τυδέα | Τυδεύς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἀπέκτεινε | obj | high | Irregular contracted/poetic accusative of Τυδεύς. |
| 8 | ὁ | ὁ | DET | T-NSM | Case=Nom|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 9 Μελάνιππος | det | high | |
| 9 | Μελάνιππος | Μελάνιππος | PROPN | N-NSM | Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἀπέκτεινε | nsubj | medium | Subject of ἀπέκτεινε; the demonstrative and name form an appositional identification of the agent. |
| 10 | οὗτος | οὗτος | PRON | D-NSM | Case=Nom|Deixis=Remt|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Dem | 9 Μελάνιππος | appos | high | |
| 11 | καὶ | καί | CCONJ | τε καί | Polarity=Pos | 15 Μηκιστέα | cc | high | |
| 12 | ἀδελφῶν | ἀδελφός | NOUN | N-GPM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 15 Μηκιστέα | nmod | high | Partitive/possessive genitive with Μηκιστέα understood as one of them. |
| 13 | τῶν | ὁ | DET | T-GPM | Case=Gen|Definite=Def|Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | 12 ἀδελφῶν | det | high | |
| 14 | Ἀδράστου | Ἄδραστος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 12 ἀδελφῶν | nmod | high | Genitive dependent on ἀδελφῶν. |
| 15 | Μηκιστέα | Μηκιστεύς | PROPN | N-ASM | Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 16 ἀπέκτεινε | obj | high | Second coordinated object of ἀπέκτεινε. |
| 16 | ἀπέκτεινε | ἀποκτείνω | VERB | V-AAI-3S | Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Aor|Voice=Act | 0 ROOT | root | high | |
| 17 | , | , | PUNCT | Punc | _ | 16 ἀπέκτεινε | punct | high | |
| 18 | καί | καί | CCONJ | τε καί | Polarity=Pos | 27 λέγουσι | cc | high | Coordinates the subsequent reported assertion with the preceding narrative. |
| 19 | οἱ | οἱ | PRON | P-DM-S | Case=Dat|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs | 26 γενέσθαι | iobj | medium | Dative pronoun, likely ‘for him/to him’; accentless form is homographic with the article. |
| 20 | καὶ | καί | PART | Adv | Polarity=Pos | 21 αὐτῷ | advmod | medium | Adverbial ‘also/even’, associated with αὐτῷ. |
| 21 | αὐτῷ | αὐτός | PRON | P-DM-S | Case=Dat|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|PronType=Prs | 26 γενέσθαι | iobj | medium | Dative with τελευτήν γενέσθαι; may be emphatic or resumptive alongside οἱ. |
| 22 | τὴν | ὁ | DET | T-ASF | Case=Acc|Definite=Def|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 23 τελευτὴν | det | high | |
| 23 | τελευτὴν | τελευτή | NOUN | N-ASF | Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | 26 γενέσθαι | nsubj | high | Accusative subject of the infinitive γενέσθαι. |
| 24 | ὑπὸ | ὑπό | ADP | P | _ | 25 Ἀμφιαράου | case | high | |
| 25 | Ἀμφιαράου | Ἀμφιάραος | PROPN | N-GSM | Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | 26 γενέσθαι | obl:agent | high | Agentive genitive after ὑπό. |
| 26 | γενέσθαι | γίγνομαι | VERB | V-2ADN | Mood=Inf|Tense=Aor|Voice=Mid | 27 λέγουσι | ccomp | high | Infinitive in reported speech; τελευτήν is its accusative subject. |
| 27 | λέγουσι | λέγω | VERB | V-PAI-3P | Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|Voice=Act | 16 ἀπέκτεινε | parataxis | medium | Reporting verb coordinated/paratactically added after the main narrative. |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | Punc | _ | 16 ἀπέκτεινε | punct | high |