Current sentence-level mythic, historical, and other tags
| Passage | Sentence | Bucket | Confidence | Greek | English | Rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 4.28.1 | 1 | historical | high | κατελθοῦσι δὲ αὐτοῖς κατʼ ἀρχὰς μὲν ἀπὸ Λακεδαιμονίων δεινὸν ἦν οὐδέν· | When the Messenians first returned, they faced no serious threat from the Spartans. | Refers to the return of the Messenians and their relations with the Spartans, a post-mythic historical account. |
| 4.28.1 | 2 | historical | high | κατεχόμενοι γὰρ οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι φόβῳ τῷ Θηβαίων Μεσσήνης τε ἠνείχοντο ἐποικιζομένης καὶ Ἀρκάδων ἐς μίαν ἠθροισμένων πόλιν. | For the Spartans, gripped by fear of the Thebans, tolerated both the restoration of Messene and the gathering of the Arcadians into a single city. | Refers to the restoration of Messene and the unification of Arcadians, both post-500 BC historical events. |
| 4.28.1 | 3 | historical | high | ὡς δὲ ὁ πόλεμος ὁ Φωκικός, καλούμενος δὲ ὁ αὐτὸς οὗτος καὶ ἱερός, ἀπήγαγεν ἐκ Πελοποννήσου Θηβαίους, ἀνεθάρρησάν τε οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι καὶ τῶν Μεσσηνίων οὐκέτι ἐδύναντο ἀπέχεσθαι. | However, when the Phocian war—also called the Sacred War—drew the Thebans away from the Peloponnese, the Spartans regained their courage and could no longer restrain themselves from acting against the Messenians. | Refers to the Phocian/Sacred War and Spartan-Messenian actions, which are historical events after 500 BC. |
| 4.28.2 | 1 | historical | high | Μεσσήνιοι δὲ αὐτοί τε μετὰ Ἀργείων καὶ Ἀρκάδων ἀντεῖχον τῷ πολέμῳ καὶ Ἀθηναίων ἀμῦναί σφισιν ἐδεήθησαν· | The Messenians themselves, along with the Argives and Arcadians, held out in the war and sought assistance from the Athenians. | Refers to participation in a war and appeal to Athens, an historical event. |
| 4.28.2 | 2 | historical | high | οἱ δὲ ἐς μὲν τὴν Λακωνικὴν οὔποτε μετὰ ἐκείνων ἐσβαλεῖν ἔφασαν, ἀρχόντων δὲ Λακεδαιμονίων πολέμου καὶ ἐπιστρατευόντων τῇ Μεσσηνίᾳ παρέσεσθαι καὶ αὐτοί σφισιν ἐπηγγέλλοντο. | The Athenians replied that they would never invade Laconia with them; however, they promised to stand beside them if the Lacedaemonians began hostilities and attacked Messenia. | Refers to the Athenian alliance stance in a historical interstate conflict involving Lacedaemonians and Messenia. |
| 4.28.2 | 3 | historical | high | τέλος δὲ οἱ Μεσσήνιοι Φιλίππῳ σύμμαχοι τῷ Ἀμύντου καὶ Μακεδόσιν ἐγένοντο, καὶ τοῦτο σφᾶς λέγουσιν ἀποκωλῦσαι τοῦ συμβάντος τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ἀγῶνος ἐν Χαιρωνείᾳ μὴ μετασχεῖν· | Eventually, the Messenians became allies of Philip, son of Amyntas, and of the Macedonians, and this alliance, they say, prevented them from participating in the battle at Chaeronea between the Greeks. | Refers to Philip of Macedon and the Battle of Chaeronea, a post-500 BC historical event. |
| 4.28.2 | 4 | historical | high | οὐ μὴν οὐδὲ τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ἐναντία θέσθαι τὰ ὅπλα ἠθέλησαν. | Yet, they refused utterly to bear arms against their fellow Greeks. | Refusal to fight fellow Greeks refers to a historical conflict among Greeks, not a mythic event. |
| 4.28.3 | 1 | historical | high | Ἀλεξάνδρου δὲ ἀποθανόντος καὶ τῶν Ἑλλήνων πόλεμον δεύτερον τότε ἀνῃρημένων πρὸς Μακεδόνας, μετέσχον καὶ οἱ Μεσσήνιοι τοῦ πολέμου, καθὰ καὶ πρότερον ἐδήλωσα ἐν τῇ Ἀτθίδι συγγραφῇ. | After Alexander's death, when the Greeks undertook a second war against the Macedonians, the Messenians also participated, as I previously indicated in my account of Attica. | Refers to events after Alexander's death and a Greek war against the Macedonians. |
| 4.28.3 | 2 | historical | high | Γαλάταις δὲ μεθʼ Ἑλλήνων οὐκ ἐμαχέσαντο, Κλεωνύμου καὶ Λακεδαιμονίων σπείσασθαι σπονδάς σφισιν οὐ θελησάντων. | They did not, however, join the Greeks in fighting the Gauls, since Cleonymus and the Spartans refused to conclude an alliance with them. | Refers to the Gallic invasion and Cleonymus/Spartan political-military action, a post-500 BC historical event. |
| 4.28.4 | 1 | historical | medium | οὐ πολλῷ δὲ ὕστερον ἔσχον Ἦλιν Μεσσήνιοι, σοφίᾳ τε ὁμοῦ χρησάμενοι καὶ τολμήματι. | Not long afterwards, the Messenians gained Elis through a combination of cleverness and daring. | Refers to the Messenians gaining Elis, a post-mythic political event. |
| 4.28.4 | 2 | other | high | Ἠλεῖοι γὰρ τὰ μὲν παλαιότατα εὐνομώτατοι Πελοποννησίων ἦσαν· | For previously, the Eleans had been the most orderly of the Peloponnesians. | Describes the Eleans' general character in earlier times; antiquarian/historical characterization rather than a specific mythic or post-500 BC event. |
| 4.28.4 | 3 | historical | high | Φιλίππου δὲ τοῦ Ἀμύντου τά τε ἄλλα ὁπόσα εἴρηται κακουργήσαντος τὴν Ἑλλάδα καὶ Ἠλείων τοὺς δυνατοὺς διαφθείραντος χρήμασι, στασιάζουσι πρῶτον τότε Ἠλεῖοι καὶ ἐς ὅπλα, ὡς λέγουσι, χωροῦσι. | But when Philip son of Amyntas, among other acts of wrongdoing inflicted upon Greece, corrupted the influential men of Elis with money, civil strife broke out for the first time among the Eleans, and, as they say, they came to open warfare. | Refers to Philip son of Amyntas and political violence in Elis, a post-500 BC historical event. |
| 4.28.5 | 1 | historical | high | τὸ δὲ ἀπὸ τούτου ῥᾷον ἔτι ἔμελλον ἀπεχθήσεσθαι πρὸς ἀλλήλους, οἷς γε καὶ Λακεδαιμονίων ἕνεκα διέστη τὰ βουλεύματα, καὶ ἐς ἔμφυλον προῆλθον πόλεμον. | From this point on, their hatred for each other was destined to grow even more intense, since their policies were divided precisely because of the Lacedaemonians, and thus they proceeded into civil war. | Refers to a civil war and political divisions involving the Lacedaemonians, which are historical events after the mythic age. |
| 4.28.5 | 2 | historical | high | πυνθανόμενοι δὲ ταῦτα οἱ Λακεδαιμόνιοι παρεσκευάζοντο ὡς Ἠλείων τοῖς φρονοῦσι τὰ σφέτερα ἀμυνοῦντες. | When the Lacedaemonians learned of these events, they made ready to support those among the Eleans who favored their interests. | Refers to Lacedaemonian political/military preparations in a historical conflict, not myth. |
| 4.28.5 | 3 | historical | high | καὶ οἱ μὲν κατὰ τέλη τε ἐτάσσοντο καὶ διενέμοντο ἐς τοὺς λόχους· | They accordingly formed up by military units and arranged themselves into companies. | Describes military organization and troop deployment, a historical action rather than mythic or descriptive material. |
| 4.28.5 | 4 | historical | medium | τῶν δὲ Μεσσηνίων λογάδες χίλιοι φθάνουσιν ἀφικόμενοι πρὸς τὴν Ἦλιν, σημεῖα ἐπὶ ταῖς ἀσπίσι Λακωνικὰ ἔχοντες. | Meanwhile, a thousand elite Messenians swiftly arrived at Elis, bearing Lacedaemonian insignia upon their shields. | Refers to Messenians arriving at Elis with Lacedaemonian insignia, a military/historical movement rather than mythic material. |
| 4.28.6 | 1 | historical | high | ὡς δὲ τὰς ἀσπίδας ἐθεάσαντο ὅσοι τοῖς Σπαρτιάταις εὖνοι τῶν Ἠλείων ἦσαν, συμμαχίαν τε ἀφῖχθαί σφισιν ἤλπισαν καὶ τοὺς ἄνδρας ἐδέχοντο ἐς τὸ τεῖχος· | When those of the Eleans who favored the Spartans saw the shields, they hoped allies had come to assist them and welcomed the men into the stronghold. | Describes an episode in a historical conflict involving Spartans and Eleans, not mythic material. |
| 4.28.6 | 2 | historical | high | ἐσελθόντες δὲ τρόπον οἱ Μεσσήνιοι τὸν εἰρημένον τοὺς τὰ Λακεδαιμονίων φρονοῦντας ἐδίωξαν, καὶ ἐπιτρέπουσι τοῖς στασιώταις τοῖς αὑτῶν τὴν πόλιν. | But the Messenians, having entered in the manner described, drove out those whose sympathies lay with the Lacedaemonians, and handed the city over to their own partisan allies. | Describes a political takeover involving the Messenians and Lacedaemonian sympathizers, a post-mythic historical event. |
| 4.28.7 | 1 | mythic | high | ἔστι μὲν δὴ τὸ σόφισμα Ὁμήρου, φαίνονται δὲ αὐτὸ ἐν δέοντι μιμησάμενοι καὶ οἱ Μεσσήνιοι, ἐπεὶ Πάτροκλόν γε ἐποίησεν ἐν Ἰλιάδι Ὅμηρος Ἀχιλλέως τὰ ὅπλα ἐνδύντα, καὶ ἐγγενέσθαι τε ἔφη τοῖς βαρβάροις δόξαν ὡς Ἀχιλλεὺς ἐπίοι καὶ τοὺς προτεταγμένους αὐτῶν ταραχθῆναι. | Indeed, the stratagem is Homer's, but the Messenians also appear to have appropriately imitated it when the occasion demanded, for Homer, in the Iliad, made Patroclus put on Achilles' armor, declaring that then the barbarians became convinced Achilles himself was advancing against them, and their foremost ranks were thrown into confusion. | Refers to Homeric epic and Patroclus/Achilles armor, a mythic narrative. |
| 4.28.7 | 2 | other | high | εὕρηται δὲ καὶ ἄλλα Ὁμήρῳ στρατηγήματα, δύο τε παρὰ τῶν Ἑλλήνων κατασκόπους ἐν τῇ νυκτὶ ἀνθʼ ἑνὸς ἐς τοὺς Τρῶας ἀφικέσθαι καὶ ἄνδρα ὕστερον λόγῳ μὲν αὐτόμολον, ἔργῳ δὲ τὰ ἀπόρρητα πολυπραγμονήσοντα ἐς τὸ Ἴλιον ἐσελθεῖν. | Homer devised other stratagems as well, sending two Greek spies instead of a single man by night among the Trojans, and later having another man enter Troy, who pretended to desert but whose true purpose was to uncover their secret plans. | Antiquarian note about Homer’s stratagems and the Trojan story, not a landscape-changing mythic event or a post-500 BC historical event. |
| 4.28.8 | 1 | mythic | high | ἔτι δὲ τοὺς διὰ νεότητα ἐν τοῖς Τρωσὶν ἢ γῆρας οὐχ ὡραίους μάχεσθαι, τούτους μὲν τὸ τεῖχος φρουρεῖν ἔταξε, τῶν ἐν ἡλικίᾳ τοῖς Ἕλλησιν ἐπηυλισμένων· | And moreover, those among the Trojans who, due to youthfulness or old age, were unfit to fight, Homer arranged to guard the wall while those of military age were encamped against the Greeks. | Refers to Homeric placement of Trojans during the Trojan War, a mythic event. |
| 4.28.8 | 2 | other | high | Ἑλλήνων δὲ οἱ τὰ τραύματα ἔχοντες ὁπλίζουσιν αὐτῷ τὸ μάχιμον, ἵνα μηδὲ αὐτοὶ παντάπασιν ἀργοῖεν. | Likewise among the Greeks, those who had wounds were tasked with preparing arms for the combatants, lest even these men should be altogether idle. | Describes an operational practice among Greeks, not a mythic event or post-500 BC historical event. |
| 4.28.8 | 3 | other | high | τὰ Ὁμήρου μὲν οὖν ὠφέλιμα ἐγένετο ἐς ἅπαντα ἀνθρώποις· | Indeed, Homer's works have in every respect proved beneficial to mankind. | General antiquarian remark about Homer’s benefits to humanity, not a mythic event or historical event after 500 BC. |