Pausanias Analysis

Current sentence-level mythic, historical, and other tags

Chapter 6.14

PassageSentenceBucketConfidenceGreekEnglishRationale
6.14.1 1 historical high Φερίας δὲ Αἰγινήτης---οὗτος γὰρ δὴ παρὰ τὸν Ἀθηναῖον Ἀριστοφῶντα ἀνάκειται---ὀγδόῃ μὲν πρὸς ταῖς ἑβδομήκοντα Ὀλυμπιάδι κομιδῇ τε ἔδοξεν εἶναι νέος καὶ οὐκ ἐπιτήδειός πω νομισθεὶς παλαίειν ἀπηλάθη τοῦ ἀγῶνος, τῇ δὲ ἑξῆς---κατεδέχθη γὰρ τηνικαῦτα ἐς τοὺς παῖδας---ἐνίκα παλαίων. Pherias, an Aeginetan—for he is commemorated on the statue by the Athenian Aristophon—was judged at the seventy-eighth Olympiad altogether too young and not yet sufficiently mature for wrestling, and thus was excluded from the competition. Refers to an Olympiad and athletic competition in historical time, not myth.
6.14.1 2 historical high τῷ δὲ Φερίᾳ τούτῳ διάφορον καὶ οὐδαμῶς ἐοικυῖαν ἔσχεν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ τύχην Νικασύλος Ῥόδιος. At the following Olympiad, however—since at that time he was admitted into the boys' category—he prevailed as the victor in wrestling. Refers to an Olympiad victory by Nicasylus of Rhodes, a post-mythic athletic event.
6.14.2 1 historical high ὄγδοον γὰρ ἐπὶ τοῖς δέκα ἔτεσι γεγονὼς μὴ παλαῖσαι μὲν ἐν παισὶν ὑπὸ Ἠλείων ἀπηλάθη, ἀνηγορεύθη δὲ ἐν ἀνδράσιν, ὥσπερ γε καὶ ἐνίκησεν· For being eighteen years old, he was prevented by the Eleans from wrestling among the boys, yet he was accepted among the men—and indeed gained the victory. A specific athletic event in historical time, not mythic or descriptive.
6.14.2 2 historical high ἀνηγορεύθη δὲ καὶ ὕστερον Νεμέᾳ τε καὶ Ἰσθμῷ. Later he was also proclaimed victorious at Nemea and the Isthmus. Refers to later athletic victories at the Nemean and Isthmian games, which are historical events.
6.14.2 3 mythic high γεγονότα δὲ εἰκοσαετῆ τὸ χρεὼν ἐπιλαμβάνει, πρὶν ἢ ἐς τὴν Ῥόδον αὐτὸν οἴκαδε ἀναστρέψαι. Having reached twenty years of age, an appointed fate overtook him before he had returned home to Rhodes. Describes a fated death or destiny overtaking someone, which is a mythic-type event rather than historical or descriptive material.
6.14.2 4 historical medium τὸ δὲ ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ τοῦ Ῥοδίου παλαιστοῦ τόλμημα Ἀρτεμίδωρος γένος Τραλλιανὸς ὑπερεβάλετο κατὰ ἐμὴν δόξαν. In my opinion, the bold deed of this Rhodian wrestler at Olympia was surpassed by Artemidoros, a native of Tralles. Refers to an athletic achievement by identifiable individuals, not mythic or geographical description.
6.14.2 5 historical high Ἀρτεμιδώρῳ γὰρ ἁμαρτεῖν μὲν Ὀλυμπίων συνέβη παγκρατιάζοντι ἐν παισίν, αἰτία δέ οἱ ἐγένετο τῆς διαμαρτίας τὸ ἄγαν νέον· Artemidoros, competing in boys' pankration, failed to win an Olympic victory solely because he was excessively young. Refers to an Olympic athletic contest and a specific competitor; this is post-mythic, historical material.
6.14.3 1 historical high ὡς δὲ ἀφίκετο ἀγῶνος καιρὸς ὃν Σμυρναῖοι Ἰώνων ἄγουσιν, ἐς τοσοῦτο ἄρα αὐτῷ τὰ τῆς ῥώμης ἐπηύξητο ὡς κρατῆσαι παγκρατιάζοντα ἐπὶ ἡμέρας τῆς αὐτῆς τούς τε ἐξ Ὀλυμπίας ἀνταγωνιστὰς καὶ ἐπὶ τοῖς παισὶν οὓς ἀγενείους καλοῦσι καὶ τρίτα δὴ ὅ τι ἄριστον ἦν τῶν ἀνδρῶν. When the time came for the contest held by the Smyrnaeans among the Ionians, his strength had grown to such an extent that, competing in the pankration, he was able on the same day to overcome both the competitors who had come from Olympia and the youths, called "beardless," and, thirdly, even the best of the men. Describes an athletic contest held by the Smyrnaeans among the Ionians, a post-archaic historical event.
6.14.3 2 other high γενέσθαι δέ οἱ τὴν ἅμιλλαν πρὸς ἀγενείους τε καὶ ἄνδρας τὴν μὲν ἐκ γυμναστοῦ παρακλήσεώς φασι, τὴν δὲ ἐξ ἀνδρὸς παγκρατιαστοῦ λοιδορίας. They say that his contest with the youths resulted from encouragement by his trainer, while that with the men arose from a pankration competitor's taunting. Describes the cause of an athletic contest, a biographical/antiquarian detail with no mythic or historical event.
6.14.3 3 historical high ἀνείλετο δὲ ἐν ἀνδράσιν ὁ Ἀρτεμίδωρος Ὀλυμπικὴν νίκην δευτέρᾳ καὶ δεκάτῃ πρὸς διακοσίαις Ὀλυμπιάδι. Artemidoros won his Olympic victory among the men in the two hundred and twelfth Olympiad. An Olympic victory in the 212th Olympiad is a dated historical event.
6.14.4 1 historical high Νικασύλου δὲ τῆς εἰκόνος ἵππος τε οὐ μέγας ἔχεται χαλκοῦς, ὃν Κρόκων Ἐρετριεὺς ἀνέθηκεν ἀνελόμενος κέλητι ἵππῳ στέφανον, καὶ πλησίον τοῦ ἵππου Τελέστας ἐστὶ Μεσσήνιος κρατήσας πυγμῇ παῖδας· Near the statue of Nicasylus stands a small bronze horse, dedicated by Krokon of Eretria, who won a crown in the horse-race for riding-horses. Describes a votive dedication by a named historical victor in athletic competition, not a mythic event.
6.14.4 2 other high Σιλανίωνος δὲ ἔργον ἐστὶν ὁ Τελέστας. Beside this horse is Telestas of Messene, who was victorious in boys' boxing; the statue of Telestas is the work of Silanion. Identifies a statue and its sculptor, an antiquarian/descriptive note with no mythic or historical event.
6.14.5 1 other high Μίλωνα δὲ τὸν Διοτίμου πεποίηκε μὲν Δαμέας ἐκ Κρότωνος καὶ οὗτος· Dameas, who was also from Croton, created the statue of Milo, the son of Diotimus. A factual antiquarian note about a sculptor and statue from Croton, with no mythic or post-500 BC historical event.
6.14.5 2 historical high ἐγένοντο δὲ τῷ Μίλωνι ἓξ μὲν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ πάλης νῖκαι, μία δὲ ἐν παισὶν ἐξ αὐτῶν, Πυθοῖ δὲ ἔν τε ἀνδράσιν ἓξ καὶ μία ἐνταῦθα ἐν παισίν. Milo won six wrestling victories at Olympia, one of these as a boy, and at Pytho he gained six victories as a man and another as a boy. Records Milo's athletic victories at Olympia and Pytho, a historical/antiquarian fact rather than myth.
6.14.5 3 historical high ἀφίκετο δὲ καὶ ἕβδομον παλαίσων ἐς Ὀλυμπίαν· ἀλλὰ γὰρ οὐκ ἐγένετο οἷός τε καταπαλαῖσαι Τιμασίθεον πολίτην τε ὄντα αὐτῷ καὶ ἡλικίᾳ νέον, πρὸς δὲ καὶ σύνεγγυς οὐκ ἐθέλοντα ἵστασθαι. He came to Olympia a seventh time to wrestle, but he was unable to prevail over Timasitheus, a fellow-citizen of his who was young in age and who, moreover, refused even to come close to him in combat. Refers to Olympia and an athletic contest involving a named person, a post-mythic historical agonistic event.
6.14.6 1 historical high λέγεται δὲ καὶ ὡς ἐσκομίσειεν αὐτὸς αὑτοῦ τὸν ἀνδριάντα ἐς τὴν Ἄλτιν ὁ Μίλων, λέγεται δὲ ἐς αὐτὸν καὶ τὸ ἐπὶ τῇ ῥοιᾷ καὶ τὸ ἐπὶ τῷ δίσκῳ· It is also said that Milo personally carried his own statue into the Altis; there are other stories told about him as well, regarding the pomegranate and the discus. Milo is an historical athlete, and the sentence concerns stories about his statue in the Altis rather than mythic events.
6.14.6 2 other high ῥοιὰν μὲν δὴ οὕτω κατεῖχεν ὡς μήτε ἄλλῳ παρεῖναι βιαζομένῳ μήτε αὐτὸς λυμήνασθαι πιέζων, ἱστάμενος δὲ ἐπὶ ἀληλιμμένῳ τῷ δίσκῳ γέλωτα ἐποιεῖτο τοὺς ἐμπίπτοντάς τε καὶ ὠθοῦντας ἀπὸ τοῦ δίσκου. He gripped a pomegranate in such a way that no one else, no matter how forcefully they tried, could take it from him, yet he himself did not crush or damage it; and, standing upon an oiled discus, he provoked laughter by maintaining his position while others slipped and fell when attempting to push him off. Describes a physical feat and humorous scene, not a mythic tale or post-500 BC historical event.
6.14.6 3 other high παρείχετο δὲ καὶ ἄλλα τοιάδε ἐς ἐπίδειξιν. He is said to have performed other similar feats of strength as displays. Describes displays of strength, a biographical/antiquarian detail rather than mythic or historical event.
6.14.7 1 other high περιέδει τῷ μετώπῳ χορδὴν κατὰ ταὐτὰ δὴ καὶ εἰ ταινίαν περιθεῖτο ἢ στέφανον· κατέχων δὲ ἐντὸς χειλῶν τὸ ἆσθμα καὶ ἐμπιπλὰς αἵματος τὰς ἐν τῇ κεφαλῇ φλέβας, διερρήγνυεν ὑπὸ ἰσχύος τῶν φλεβῶν τὴν χορδήν. He tied a cord about his forehead as one would tie a fillet or wreath; then, holding his breath within his lips, he filled the veins in his head with blood, until by the force of the veins' pressure he broke the cord. Describes a feat or physical action, not a mythic or historical event; purely descriptive.
6.14.7 2 other high λέγεται δὲ καὶ ὡς τῆς δεξιᾶς χειρὸς τὸ μὲν ἐς τὸν ἀγκῶνα ἐκ τοῦ ὤμου παρʼ αὐτὴν καθίει τὴν πλευράν, τὸ δὲ ἀπὸ τοῦ ἀγκῶνος ἔτεινεν ἐς εὐθύ, τῶν δακτύλων τὸν μὲν αὐτῶν ἀναστρέφων τὸν ἀντίχειρα ἐς τὸ ἄνω, τῶν λοιπῶν δὲ ἀλλήλοις ἐπικειμένων κατὰ στοῖχον· It is also said that he would hold his right arm straight down from the shoulder along the side as far as the elbow, but from the elbow downward kept it stretched straight out horizontally; as for his fingers, he would turn the thumb upward, folding the rest over each other in order. Describes a bodily posture/gesture, purely descriptive and non-mythic/non-historical.
6.14.7 3 other high τὸν ἐλάχιστον οὖν τῶν δακτύλων κάτω γινόμενον οὐκ ἀπεκίνησεν ἄν τις βιαζόμενος. Thus, the little finger, lying lowest, could not be moved, even by force. Purely anatomical/descriptive statement about a finger's position and movement; not mythic or historical.
6.14.8 1 mythic high ἀποθανεῖν δὲ ὑπὸ θηρίων φασὶν αὐτόν· They say he died by wild beasts. Death by wild beasts is a legendary/mythic mode of death, not a historical or descriptive notice.
6.14.8 2 other high ἐπιτυχεῖν γὰρ αὐτὸν ἐν τῇ Κροτωνιάτιδι αὐαινομένῳ ξύλῳ, σφῆνες δὲ ἐγκείμενοι διίστασαν τὸ ξύλον· For he came across a tree trunk in the territory of Croton, drying and splitting apart because wedges had been driven into it. Purely descriptive and geographical: a tree trunk in Croton’s territory, with no mythic or historical event.
6.14.8 3 mythic high ὁ δὲ ὑπὸ φρονήματος ὁ Μίλων καθίησι τὰς χεῖρας ἐς τὸ ξύλον, ὀλισθάνουσί τε δὴ οἱ σφῆνες καὶ ἐχόμενος ὁ Μίλων ὑπὸ τοῦ ξύλου λύκοις ἐγίνετο εὕρημα. Out of pride Milo thrust his hands into the trunk, and at that moment the wedges slipped out. The sentence recounts the mythic death of Milo of Croton, a legendary anecdote rather than a historical event.
6.14.8 4 mythic high μάλιστα δέ πως τὸ θηρίον τοῦτο ἐν τῇ Κροτωνιάτιδι πολύ τε νέμεται καὶ ἄφθονον. Milo, caught and held fast by the wood, became prey to wolves. Refers to Milo’s death and wolves, an episode tied to a legendary figure and its mythic aftermath rather than ordinary history.
6.14.9 1 historical high Μίλωνι μὲν δὴ τοιόνδε τέλος ἐπηκολούθησε· Such indeed was the end that accompanied Milo. Refers to Milo’s death/end, a historical figure and event rather than mythic or descriptive material.
6.14.9 2 historical high Πύρρον δὲ τὸν Αἰακίδου βασιλεύσαντα ἐν τῇ Θεσπρωτίδι ἠπείρῳ καὶ ἔργα πολλὰ ἐργασάμενον καὶ ἄξια μνήμης, ἃ ἐν τῷ λόγῳ τῷ ἐς Ἀθηναίους ἐδήλωσα, τοῦτον ἐς τὴν Ἄλτιν ἀνέθηκε Θρασύβουλος Ἠλεῖος. As for Pyrrhus, son of Aeacides, who ruled in the Thesprotian territory of Epirus and performed many notable deeds worthy of remembrance, which I have recounted in my account of the Athenians, his statue was dedicated at Olympia by Thrasybulus, an Elean. Pyrrhus is a post-classical historical ruler, and the sentence concerns his statue's dedication at Olympia.
6.14.9 3 other high παρὰ δὲ τὸν Πύρρον ἀνὴρ μικρὸς αὐλοὺς ἔχων ἐστὶν ἐκτετυπωμένος ἐπὶ στήλῃ. Near Pyrrhus is carved on a stone pillar a small-statured man holding flutes. Descriptive archaeological detail about a carved figure near Pyrrhus; no mythic or historical event is being narrated.
6.14.9 4 historical high τούτῳ Πυθικαὶ νῖκαι γεγόνασι τῷ ἀνδρὶ δευτέρῳ μετὰ Σακάδαν τὸν Ἀργεῖον· This man won victories at the Pythian Games, being the second man after Sacadas the Argive to do so. Records an athletic victory at the Pythian Games, a post-mythic historical notice.
6.14.10 1 historical high Σακάδας μὲν γὰρ τὸν ἀγῶνα τὸν τεθέντα ὑπὸ Ἀμφικτυόνων οὐκ ὄντα πω στεφανίτην καὶ ἐπʼ ἐκείνῳ στεφανίτας δύο ἐνίκησε, For Sacadas won the contest established by the Amphictyons before it carried a wreath as a prize, and after it became crowned he also won two more. Refers to Sacadas winning a contest established by the Amphictyons, a historical institutional event.
6.14.10 2 historical high Πυθόκριτος δὲ ὁ Σικυώνιος τὰς ἐφεξῆς τούτων πυθιάδας ἕξ, μόνος δὴ οὗτος αὐλητής· Pythokritos of Sicyon triumphed in the next six Pythian festivals after these, the only auletes ever to do so. Records an athletic victor in the historical period; this is an antiquarian/historical notice, not mythic.
6.14.10 3 historical high δῆλα δὲ ὅτι καὶ ἐν τῷ ἀγῶνι τῷ Ὀλυμπίασιν ἐπηύλησεν ἑξάκις τῷ πεντάθλῳ. Moreover, clearly he performed the flute accompaniment six times for the pentathlon competition at Olympia as well. Refers to a specific athletic performance at Olympia, a historical event after the mythic age.
6.14.10 4 other high Πυθοκρίτῳ μὲν γέγονεν ἀντὶ τούτων ἡ ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ στήλη καὶ ἐπίγραμμα ἐπʼ αὐτῇ, Πυθοκρίτου τοῦ Καλλινίκου μνᾶμα ταὐλητᾶ τά δε· At Olympia there is a pillar and an inscription upon it erected in honor of Pythokritos on account of these achievements; the tomb of Pythokritos, son of Kallinikos, the flute-player, bears the following verses. Describes a commemorative pillar, inscription, and tomb at Olympia; this is antiquarian/descriptive material, not mythic or historical narrative.
6.14.10 5 historical high ἀνέθεσαν δὲ καὶ τὸ κοινὸν τὸ Αἰτωλῶν Κύλωνα, ὃς The Aitolian league also dedicated a statue of Cylon, who Aitolian league dedication of a statue is a post-500 BC historical commemorative act.
6.14.11 1 historical high ἀπὸ τῆς Ἀριστοτίμου τυραννίδος ἠλευθέρωσεν Ἠλείους. He liberated the Eleans from the tyranny of Aristotimus. Refers to the liberation of the Eleans from Aristotimus' tyranny, a historical event.
6.14.11 2 historical high Γόργον δὲ τὸν Εὐκλήτου Μεσσήνιον ἀνελόμενον πεντάθλου νίκην καὶ Δαμάρετον καὶ τοῦτον Μεσσήνιον κρατήσαντα πυγμῇ παῖδας, τὸν μὲν αὐτῶν Βοιώτιος Θήρων, Δαμαρέτου δὲ τὴν εἰκόνα Ἀθηναῖος Σιλανίων ἐποίησεν. Gorgus, son of Eucletus, a Messenian, who won the victory in pentathlon, and Damaretus, also a Messenian, who gained a victory in boys' boxing, had statues dedicated. Records named athletes and their statue dedications, a post-500 BC historical/antiquarian notice.
6.14.11 3 other high Ἀναυχίδας δὲ ὁ Φίλυος Ἠλεῖος πάλης ἔσχεν ἐν παισὶ στέφανον καὶ ἐν ἀνδράσιν ὕστερον· The statue of the former was made by the Boeotian Theron, while the Athenian Silanion made the statue of Damaretus. A biographical/antiquarian notice about athletic victories and statues, not a mythic event or a post-500 BC historical event impacting the landscape.
6.14.11 4 other high τούτῳ μὲν δὴ τὴν εἰκόνα ὅστις ὁ εἰργασμένος ἐστὶν οὐκ ἴσμεν. Anauchidas, son of Philys, an Elean, won crowns in boys' wrestling, and later as an adult as well. A remark about not knowing the maker of the statue; antiquarian/descriptive, not mythic or historical.
6.14.11 5 historical high Ἄνοχος δὲ ὁ Ἀδαμάτα Ταραντῖνος, σταδίου λαβὼν καὶ διαύλου νίκην, ἐστὶν Ἀγελάδα τέχνη τοῦ Ἀργείου. We do not know who crafted the statue of this athlete. Mentions an athlete and his statue/craftsmanship, a non-mythic, post-archaic commemorative/historical context.
6.14.12 1 other high παῖδα δὲ ἐφʼ ἵππου καθήμενον καὶ ἑστηκότα ἄνδρα παρὰ τὸν ἵππον φησὶ τὸ ἐπίγραμμα εἶναι Ξενόμβροτον ἐκ Κῶ τῆς Μεροπίδος, ἐπὶ ἵππου νίκῃ κεκηρυγμένον, Ξενόδικον δὲ ἐπὶ πυγμῇ παίδων ἀναγορευθέντα· The epigram states that the boy seated upon a horse and the man standing beside the horse are Xenombrotus from Cos of the Meropid clan, who was proclaimed victor in the horse-race, and Xenodicus, who was declared champion of boxing among boys. An epigram identifying athletes and their victories is antiquarian/descriptive, not mythic or historical narrative.
6.14.12 2 other high τὸν μὲν Παντίας αὐτῶν, Ξενόμβροτον δὲ Φιλότιμος Αἰγινήτης ἐποίησε. Of these statues, Pantias sculpted Xenodicus, while Philotimus of Aegina made Xenombrotus. Identifies sculptors of statues; this is antiquarian/descriptive material, not mythic or historical event narration.
6.14.12 3 historical high Πύθου δὲ τοῦ Ἀνδρομάχου, γένος ἀνδρὸς ἐξ Ἀβδήρων, ἐποίησε μὲν Λύσιππος , ἀνέθεσαν δὲ οἱ στρατιῶται δύο εἰκόνας· Lysippus sculpted the two statues of Pythes, son of Andromachus, a man whose family was from Abdera; soldiers dedicated these statues. Refers to sculpting and dedication of statues by soldiers, a post-500 BC historical/art-historical event.
6.14.12 4 historical medium εἶναι δὲ ἡγεμών τις ξένων ἢ καὶ ἄλλως τὰ πολεμικὰ ἀγαθὸς ὁ Πύθης ἔοικε. It appears that this Pythes was a commander of mercenaries or otherwise distinguished himself notably in warfare. Refers to Pythes as a commander and military figure, which is post-mythic historical material.
6.14.13 1 other high κεῖνται δὲ καὶ ἐν παισὶν εἰληφότες δρόμου νίκας Μενεπτόλεμος ἐξ Ἀπολλωνίας τῆς ἐν τῷ Ἰονίῳ κόλπῳ καὶ Κορκυραῖος Φίλων, ἐπὶ δὲ αὐτοῖς Ἱερώνυμος Ἄνδριος, ὃς τὸν Ἠλεῖον Τισαμενὸν πενταθλοῦντα ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ κατεπάλαισε τὸν ἐν Ἕλλησιν ὕστερον τούτων ἐναντία Μαρδονίου καὶ Μήδων Πλαταιᾶσι μαντευσάμενον. Statues also stand here of victors who won foot-race victories as boys: Meneptolemus from Apollonia on the Ionian Gulf, and Philon from Corcyra. Descriptive notice of statues of athletic victors; no mythic or post-500 BC historical event is being narrated.
6.14.13 2 historical high οὗτός τε δὴ ὁ Ἱερώνυμος ἀνάκειται καὶ παρʼ αὐτὸν παλαιστὴς παῖς, Ἄνδριος καὶ οὗτος, Προκλῆς ὁ Λυκαστίδα· Beside them is Hieronymus of Andros, who defeated in wrestling the pentathlete Tisamenus of Elis at Olympia, the same man who later prophesied among the Greeks at Plataea against Mardonius and the Medes. Refers to Olympic and Plataea-era individuals and events after 500 BC, including the battle against Mardonius.
6.14.13 3 other high τοῖς πλάσταις δὲ οἳ τοὺς ἀνδριάντας ἐποίησαν, τῷ μὲν Στόμιός ἐστιν ὄνομα, τῷ δὲ τὸν Προκλέα εἰργασμένῳ Σῶμις. This Hieronymus has his statue exhibited, and near him is the figure of a boy wrestler, also an Andrian, Procles, son of Lycastidas. Identifies sculptors of statues; antiquarian/descriptive material rather than mythic or historical event.
6.14.13 4 other high Αἰσχίνῃ δὲ Ἠλείῳ νῖκαί τε δύο ἐγένοντο πεντάθλου καὶ ἴσαι ταῖς νίκαις αἱ εἰκόνες. The artists who produced their statues were Stomius, who made Hieronymus, and Somis, who made Procles. This is an antiquarian/artistic note identifying sculptors and statues, not a mythic or historical event.