Pausanias Analysis

Passage 1.31.1 Class: Mythic

δῆμοι δὲ οἱ μικροὶ τῆς Ἀττικῆς, ὡς ἔτυχεν ἕκαστος οἰκισθείς, τάδε ἐς μνήμην παρείχοντο· Ἀλιμουσίοις μὲν Θεσμοφόρου Δήμητρος καὶ Κόρης ἐστὶν ἱερόν, ἐν Ζωστῆρι δὲ ἐπὶ θαλάσσης καὶ βωμὸς Ἀθηνᾶς καὶ Ἀπόλλωνος καὶ Ἀρτέμιδος καὶ Λητοῦς. τεκεῖν μὲν οὖν Λητὼ τοὺς παῖδας ἐνταῦθα οὔ φασι, λύσασθαι δὲ τὸν ζωστῆρα ὡς τεξομένην, καὶ τῷ χωρίῳ διὰ τοῦτο γενέσθαι τὸ ὄνομα. Προσπαλτίοις δέ ἐστι καὶ τούτοις Κόρης καὶ Δήμητρος ἱερόν, Ἀναγυρασίοις δὲ Μητρὸς θεῶν ἱερόν· Κεφαλῆσι δὲ οἱ Διόσκουροι νομίζονται μάλιστα, Μεγάλους γὰρ σφᾶς οἱ ταύτῃ θεοὺς ὀνομάζουσιν.

Proper Nouns:

Δήμητρα Διόσκουροι Ζώστηρ Κεφαλαί Κόρη Λητώ Λητώ Μήτηρ θεῶν Προσπαλτιοῖ Ἀθηνᾶ Ἀλιμοῦσιοι Ἀναγυρασίοι Ἀπόλλων Ἀττική Ἄρτεμις

The small demes of Attica, founded each according to chance, provide the following noteworthy places: the Halimousians have a sanctuary of Demeter Thesmophoros and Kore. In Zoster, near the sea, there stands an altar dedicated to Athena, Apollo, Artemis, and Leto. They do not say that Leto actually bore her children here, but rather that she loosened her girdle at this spot, preparing herself for childbirth; hence the district received its name. At Prospalta too, there is a temple sacred to Kore and Demeter, and at Anagyrus a sanctuary of the Mother of the Gods. Among the Kephalenses, the Dioskouroi receive special veneration, and the people here call them the "Great Gods."

Passage 1.31.2 Class: Mythic

ἐν δὲ Πρασιεῦσιν Ἀπόλλωνός ἐστι ναός· ἐνταῦθα τὰς Ὑπερβορέων ἀπαρχὰς ἰέναι λέγεται, παραδιδόναι δὲ αὐτὰς Ὑπερβορέους μὲν Ἀριμασποῖς, Ἀριμασποὺς δʼ Ἰσσηδόσι, παρὰ δὲ τούτων Σκύθας ἐς Σινώπην κομίζειν, ἐντεῦθεν δὲ φέρεσθαι διὰ Ἑλλήνων ἐς Πρασιάς, Ἀθηναίους δὲ εἶναι τοὺς ἐς Δῆλον ἄγοντας· τὰς δὲ ἀπαρχὰς κεκρύφθαι μὲν ἐν καλάμῃ πυρῶν, γινώσκεσθαι δὲ ὑπʼ οὐδένων. ἔστι δὲ μνῆμα ἐπὶ Πρασιαῖς Ἐρυσίχθονος, ὡς ἐκομίζετο ὀπίσω μετὰ τὴν θεωρίαν ἐκ Δήλου, γενομένης οἱ κατὰ τὸν πλοῦν τῆς τελευτῆς.

Proper Nouns:

Δῆλος Δῆλος Πρασιαί Πρασιαί Πρασιαί Σινώπη Σκύθαι Ἀθηναῖοι Ἀπόλλων Ἀριμασποί Ἐρυσίχθων Ἕλληνες Ἰσσηδοί Ὑπερβόρεοι Ὑπερβόρεοι

In Prasiai there is a temple of Apollo. It is said that the first offerings from the Hyperboreans arrive here. The Hyperboreans hand them over first to the Arimaspians, the Arimaspians then pass them to the Issedones, and from them the Scythians carry them on to Sinope; from Sinope they are brought through Greece to Prasiai, and finally the Athenians convey them to Delos. These offerings are said to be hidden within stalks of wheat, and thus remain unknown to anyone. In Prasiai there is also the tomb of Erysichthon, who died during his return journey from Delos after performing the sacred embassy.

Passage 1.31.3 Class: Mythic

Κραναὸν δὲ τὸν βασιλεύσαντα Ἀθηναίων ὅτι μὲν ἐξέβαλεν Ἀμφικτύων κηδεστὴν ὄντα, ἔτι πρότερον εἴρηταί μοι· φυγόντα δὲ αὐτὸν σὺν τοῖς στασιώταις ἐς τὸν δῆμον τὸν Λαμπτρέα ἀποθανεῖν τε αὐτοῦ καὶ ταφῆναί φασι, καὶ ἔστι καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ καὶ ἐν τοῖς Λαμπτρεῦσι Κραναοῦ μνῆμα. Ἴωνος δὲ τοῦ Ξούθου ---καὶ γὰρ οὗτος ᾤκησε παρὰ Ἀθηναίοις καὶ Ἀθηναίων ἐπὶ τοῦ πολέμου τοῦ πρὸς Ἐλευσινίους ἐπολεμάρχησε ---τάφος ἐν Ποταμοῖς ἐστι τῆς χώρας.

Proper Nouns:

Κραναός Κραναός Λαμπτρέα Λαμπτραῖ Ξοῦθος Ποταμοί Ἀθηναῖοι Ἀθηναῖοι Ἀμφικτύων Ἐλευσίνιοι Ἴων

I have already related earlier that Cranaus, who ruled over the Athenians, was expelled by Amphictyon, despite being his kinsman by marriage. They say that, fleeing with his supporters to the deme Lamptrae, Cranaus there died and was buried. His tomb remains among the people of Lamptrae even to my days. As for Ion, the son of Xuthus—since he too lived among the Athenians and served as their commander in the war against the Eleusinians—his tomb is located in the region belonging to the deme of Potamoi.

Passage 1.31.4 Class: Mythic

ταῦτα μὲν δὴ οὕτω λέγεται, Φλυεῦσι δέ εἰσι καὶ Μυρρινουσίοις τοῖς μὲν Ἀπόλλωνος Διονυσοδότου καὶ Ἀρτέμιδος Σελασφόρου βωμοὶ Διονύσου τε Ἀνθίου καὶ νυμφῶν Ἰσμηνίδων καὶ Γῆς, ἣν Μεγάλην θεὸν ὀνομάζουσι· ναὸς δὲ ἕτερος ἔχει βωμοὺς Δήμητρος Ἀνησιδώρας καὶ Διὸς Κτησίου καὶ Τιθρωνῆς Ἀθηνᾶς καὶ Κόρης Πρωτογόνης καὶ Σεμνῶν ὀνομαζομένων θεῶν· τὸ δὲ ἐν Μυρρινοῦντι ξόανόν ἐστι Κολαινίδος. Ἀθμονεῖς δὲ τιμῶσιν Ἀμαρυσίαν Ἄρτεμιν·

Proper Nouns:

Γῆ Δήμητρα Διονυσόδοτος Διόνυσος Ζεύς Κολαινίς Κτήσιος Κόρη Μεγάλη Μυρρινούσιοι Μυρρινοῦς Πρωτογόνη Σελασφόρος Σεμναί Τιθρωνή Φλυεῖς Ἀθηνᾶ Ἀθμονεῖς Ἀμαρυσία Ἀνησιδώρα Ἀνθίος Ἀπόλλων Ἄρτεμις Ἄρτεμις Ἰσμηνίδες

Such then are the accounts thus related. Among the Phlyans there are altars dedicated to Apollo Dionysodotes and Artemis Selasphoros, and to Dionysus Anthios, and to the Ismenian Nymphs, and to Earth, whom they call the Great Goddess. Another temple contains altars of Demeter Anesidora, Zeus Ktesios, Athena Tithrone, Kore Protogene, and the goddesses known as the Semnai. At Myrrhinous there is a wooden cult-statue of Kolainis. The Athmonians worship Artemis Amarysia.

Passage 1.31.5 Class: Mythic

πυνθανόμενος δὲ σαφὲς οὐδὲν ἐς αὐτὰς ἐπισταμένους τοὺς ἐξηγητὰς εὗρον, αὐτὸς δὲ συμβάλλομαι τῇδε. ἔστιν Ἀμάρυνθος ἐν Εὐβοίᾳ· καὶ γὰρ οἱ ταύτῃ τιμῶσιν Ἀμαρυσίαν, ἑορτὴν δὲ καὶ Ἀθηναῖοι τῆς Ἀμαρυσίας ἄγουσιν οὐδέν τι Εὐβοέων ἀφανέστερον· ταύτῃ μὲν γενέσθαι τὸ ὄνομα ἐπὶ τούτῳ παρὰ Ἀθμονεῦσιν ἡγοῦμαι, τὴν δὲ ἐν Μυρρινοῦντι Κολαινίδα ἀπὸ Κολαίνου καλεῖσθαι. γέγραπται δʼ ἤδη μοι τῶν ἐν τοῖς δήμοις φάναι πολλοὺς ὡς καὶ πρὸ τῆς ἀρχῆς ἐβασιλεύοντο τῆς Κέκροπος· ἔστι δὲ ὁ Κόλαινος ἀνδρὸς ὄνομα πρότερον ἢ Κέκροψ ἐβασίλευσεν ---ὡς οἱ Μυρρινούσιοι λέγουσιν---ἄρξαντος.

Proper Nouns:

Εὔβοες Εὔβοια Κέκροψ Κέκροψ Κολαινίς Κόλαινος Κόλαινος Μυρρινούσιοι Μυρρινοῦντον Ἀθηναῖοι Ἀθμονεῖς Ἀμάρυνθος Ἀμαρυσία Ἀμαρυσία

When I inquired about them, I found that the guides could offer no definite information at all, but my own conjecture is this: there is a place called Amarynthos in Euboea, and indeed the inhabitants there honor Amarysia. The Athenians themselves also celebrate the festival of Amarysia, no less prominently than the Euboeans. I suppose, therefore, that the place-name among the Athmonians originated from this. The site called Kolainis in the deme of Myrrhinous, I believe, derived its name from Kolainos. I have already stated in my account of the demes that many assert there were rulers prior even to the reign of Kekrops; and Kolainos, according to the people of Myrrhinous, was the name of a man who ruled before Kekrops began his kingship.

Passage 1.31.6 Class: Mythic

ἔστι δὲ Ἀχαρναὶ δῆμος· οὗτοι θεῶν Ἀπόλλωνα τιμῶσιν Ἀγυιέα καὶ Ἡρακλέα. καὶ Ἀθηνᾶς βωμός ἐστιν Ὑγείας· τὴν δʼ Ἱππίαν Ἀθηνᾶν ὀνομάζουσι καὶ Διόνυσον Μελπόμενον καὶ Κισσὸν τὸν αὐτὸν θεόν, τὸν κισσὸν τὸ φυτὸν ἐνταῦθα πρῶτον φανῆναι λέγοντες.

Proper Nouns:

Διόνυσος Κίσσος Μελπόμενος Ἀγυιεύς Ἀθηνᾶ Ἀπόλλων Ἀχαρναί Ἡρακλῆς Ἱππία Ἀθηνᾶ Ὑγεία

There is a deme called Acharnai; these people honor among the gods Apollo Agyieus and Heracles. There is also an altar of Athena Hygieia; and they call Athena by the name Hippia, and honor Dionysus with the titles Melpomenos ("the singer") and Kissos ("ivy"), asserting that the ivy plant first appeared there.

Legend:

Chapter 1.31