Sentence-level words and phrases that predict skepticism vs. non-skepticism
The following metrics are from the logistic regression classifier's performance on the test set:
| Class | Precision | Recall | F1-Score | Support |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-skeptical | 0.932 | 0.849 | 0.888 | 674 |
| Skeptical | 0.463 | 0.677 | 0.550 | 130 |
| Overall Accuracy | 0.821 | 804 | ||
| Word/Phrase | English | Coefficient | Skeptical Count | Non-skeptical Count | p-value | q-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| λέγουσιν | they say | 6.2550 | 98 | 60 | 2.11e-41 | 2.11e-38 |
| λέγεται | it is said | 5.7682 | 54 | 16 | 1.34e-30 | 4.48e-28 |
| φασιν | they say | 5.0364 | 58 | 26 | 2.3e-28 | 5.75e-26 |
| φασὶν | they say | 4.2801 | 37 | 14 | 1.1e-19 | 1.83e-17 |
| λέγουσι | they say | 4.0817 | 48 | 31 | 5.82e-20 | 1.16e-17 |
| εἶναι | to be | 3.8688 | 126 | 162 | 8.38e-32 | 4.19e-29 |
| εἴτε | whether | 3.4146 | 13 | 1 | 4.6e-10 | 5.75e-08 |
| ποιῆσαι | to make; to do | 2.9655 | 16 | 7 | 8.2e-09 | 7.46e-07 |
| φασι | they say | 2.8705 | 20 | 9 | 1.43e-10 | 2.05e-08 |
| φασὶ | they say | 2.8535 | 17 | 10 | 3.12e-08 | 2.23e-06 |
| ἐγὼ | I | 2.5608 | 13 | 12 | 2.94e-05 | 0.000979 |
| εἰ | if | 2.4294 | 26 | 41 | 5.38e-06 | 0.000234 |
| δοκεῖν | to seem; to think | 2.1767 | 19 | 18 | 5.43e-07 | 3.19e-05 |
| οἶδα | I know | 2.1685 | 19 | 20 | 1.61e-06 | 8.48e-05 |
| ἐμοὶ | to me | 2.1033 | 19 | 19 | 9.48e-07 | 5.27e-05 |
| οὐ | not | 2.0567 | 66 | 229 | 0.00264 | 0.0508 |
| γενέσθαι | to become | 2.0136 | 46 | 76 | 3.2e-09 | 3.55e-07 |
| οὐδὲν | nothing | 1.9581 | 16 | 37 | 0.00907 | 0.128 |
| ὡσ | as; like; how; that; when | 1.9329 | 97 | 261 | 1.57e-08 | 1.21e-06 |
| αὐτήν | her | 1.8528 | 8 | 10 | 0.00424 | 0.0706 |
| ὀστᾶ | bones | 1.8095 | 7 | 6 | 0.00165 | 0.0352 |
| ὑπὸ | under; beneath; by (of agent) | 1.7854 | 86 | 232 | 1.35e-07 | 8.45e-06 |
| ταύτην | this one | 1.7476 | 27 | 45 | 7.74e-06 | 0.000298 |
| ἔχει | he/she/it has | 1.6761 | 17 | 65 | 0.247 | 0.673 |
| ἄνδρα | man | 1.6576 | 17 | 22 | 3.97e-05 | 0.00128 |
| ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν | in my opinion | 1.6255 | 16 | 16 | 7e-06 | 0.00028 |
| ὅτωι | to whomever | 1.6017 | 7 | 12 | 0.0268 | 0.231 |
| λέγοντεσ | speaking | 1.5746 | 7 | 8 | 0.00521 | 0.0778 |
| νομίζουσι | they think | 1.5571 | 8 | 9 | 0.00262 | 0.0508 |
| τὸν | the | 1.5364 | 163 | 535 | 1.56e-08 | 1.21e-06 |
| Word/Phrase | English | Coefficient | Skeptical Count | Non-skeptical Count | p-value | q-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| τούτοισ | to these | -1.4423 | 2 | 39 | 0.0527 | 0.354 |
| σφισιν | to them | -1.4071 | 9 | 104 | 0.0107 | 0.138 |
| μὲν | on the one hand | -1.2927 | 137 | 771 | 0.427 | 0.854 |
| θάλασσαν | sea | -1.1834 | 3 | 43 | 0.102 | 0.451 |
| ἦν | was | -1.1784 | 21 | 156 | 0.117 | 0.484 |
| θέασ | of a view | -1.1677 | 1 | 42 | 0.0102 | 0.136 |
| αὐτῆι | to her | -1.1591 | 3 | 34 | 0.259 | 0.676 |
| πλησίον | near; nearby; close (to); neighbor (as a noun) | -1.1075 | 7 | 67 | 0.101 | 0.451 |
| καὶ | and | -1.0812 | 383 | 2153 | 0.0612 | 0.39 |
| ἀθηναῖοι | Athenians | -1.0267 | 5 | 49 | 0.149 | 0.543 |
| ἐστίν | is (he/she/it is) | -1.0233 | 0 | 33 | 0.00655 | 0.0949 |
| διʼ | through; by means of; because of; on account of | -1.0174 | 3 | 47 | 0.0521 | 0.354 |
| ὁδὸν | road | -1.0104 | 2 | 32 | 0.154 | 0.55 |
| ἐσ τὸ | into the | -0.9966 | 11 | 99 | 0.0678 | 0.406 |
| μακεδόνων | of the Macedonians | -0.9929 | 1 | 35 | 0.0353 | 0.279 |
| αὐτίκα | immediately; at once | -0.9770 | 2 | 32 | 0.154 | 0.55 |
| χώραν | land | -0.9687 | 4 | 35 | 0.507 | 0.887 |
| ἔτι | still; yet | -0.9420 | 20 | 166 | 0.0381 | 0.28 |
| καὶ τὰ | and the | -0.9293 | 4 | 56 | 0.0496 | 0.347 |
| ἕλληνεσ | Greeks | -0.9292 | 4 | 23 | 1 | 1 |
| λακεδαιμονίοισ | to the Lacedaemonians | -0.9106 | 0 | 21 | 0.0376 | 0.279 |
| ἐποίησε | he/she/it did | -0.8819 | 2 | 31 | 0.152 | 0.549 |
| ἔσχεν | he/she/it had | -0.8797 | 0 | 22 | 0.0377 | 0.279 |
| χρόνωι | in time | -0.8501 | 1 | 19 | 0.233 | 0.666 |
| τὴν ἀρχήν | the beginning | -0.8345 | 0 | 15 | 0.15 | 0.543 |
| πύρρου | of Pyrrhus | -0.8186 | 0 | 16 | 0.0925 | 0.435 |
| ὁδὸσ | road; way | -0.8154 | 0 | 21 | 0.0376 | 0.279 |
| ἄξιον | worthy | -0.8126 | 0 | 24 | 0.0239 | 0.215 |
| ἱερὸν | temple; sanctuary | -0.8125 | 14 | 116 | 0.086 | 0.435 |
| ἀθηναίοισ | to/for the Athenians | -0.8079 | 9 | 80 | 0.108 | 0.463 |