Pausanias Analysis

Passage 6.7.1 Class: Historical

ταῦτα μὲν δὴ ἐς τοσοῦτο εἰρήσθω· μετὰ δὲ τὸν ἀνδριάντα τοῦ Εὐθύμου Πύθαρχός τε ἕστηκε Μαντινεὺς σταδιοδρόμος καὶ πύκτης Ἠλεῖος Χαρμίδης, λαβόντες νίκας ἐπὶ παισί. θεασάμενος δὲ καὶ τούτους ἐπὶ τῶν Ῥοδίων ἀθλητῶν ἀφίξῃ τὰς εἰκόνας, Διαγόραν καὶ τὸ ἐκείνου γένος· οἱ δὲ συνεχεῖς τε ἀλλήλοις καὶ ἐν κόσμῳ τοιῷδε ἀνέκειντο, Ἀκουσίλαος μὲν λαβὼν πυγμῆς ἐν ἀνδράσι στέφανον, Δωριεὺς δὲ ὁ νεώτατος παγκρατίῳ νικήσας Ὀλυμπιάσιν ἐφεξῆς τρισί. πρότερον δὲ ἔτι τοῦ Δωριέως ἐκράτησε καὶ Δαμάγητος τοὺς ἐσελθόντας ἐς τὸ παγκράτιον.

Proper Nouns:

Δαμάγητος Διαγόρας Δωριεύς Δωριεύς Εὔθυμος Μαντινεύς Πύθαρχος Χαρμίδης Ἀκουσίλαος Ἠλεῖος Ὀλυμπιάς Ῥόδιοι

Let this suffice as regards these matters. After the statue of Euthymus, there stands Pytharchus of Mantinea, a runner in the stadion, and Charmides of Elis, a boxer; both had won victories as boys. After observing these figures, you reach the images of the Rhodian athletes, Diagoras and his family. They are placed together in a continuous group, in the following order: Acusilaus, who gained a crown in boxing among men, and next the youngest, Dorieus, who won the pankration at Olympia three consecutive times. Even before Dorieus, Damagetus had also triumphed over all who entered the pankration.

Passage 6.7.2 Class: Historical

οὗτοι μὲν ἀδελφοί τέ εἰσι καὶ Διαγόρου παῖδες, ἐπὶ δὲ αὐτοῖς κεῖται καὶ ὁ Διαγόρας, πυγμῆς ἐν ἀνδράσιν ἀνελόμενος νίκην· τοῦ Διαγόρου δὲ τὴν εἰκόνα Μεγαρεὺς εἰργάσατο Καλλικλῆς Θεοκόσμου τοῦ ποιήσαντος τὸ ἄγαλμα ἐν Μεγάροις τοῦ Διός. Διαγόρου δὲ καὶ οἱ τῶν θυγατέρων παῖδες πύξ τε ἤσκησαν καὶ ἔσχον Ὀλυμπικὰς νίκας, ἐν μὲν ἀνδράσιν Εὐκλῆς Καλλιάνακτός τε ὢν καὶ Καλλιπατείρας τῆς Διαγόρου, Πεισίροδος δὲ ἐν παισίν, ὃν ἡ μήτηρ ἀνδρὸς ἐπιθεμένη γυμναστοῦ σχῆμα ἐπὶ τῶν Ὀλυμπίων αὐτὴ τὸν ἀγῶνα ἤγαγεν·

Proper Nouns:

Διαγόρας Διαγόρας Εὐκλῆς Ζεύς Θεόκοσμος Καλλίαναξ Καλλικλῆς Καλλιπάτειρα Μέγαρα Μεγαρεύς Πεισίροδος Ὀλυμπία Ὀλυμπία

These men are brothers, sons of Diagoras, and upon them stands Diagoras himself, who gained victory in boxing among men. The statue of Diagoras was made by Callicles the Megarian, son of Theocosmus, who also fashioned the statue of Zeus at Megara. The sons of Diagoras’ daughters also trained in boxing and achieved Olympic victories: Eucles, son of Callianax and Callipateira, daughter of Diagoras, among men; and Peisirodus among boys, whose mother herself accompanied him to Olympia disguised as a male trainer and attended the contest.

Passage 6.7.3 Class: Historical

οὗτος δὲ ὁ Πεισίροδος καὶ ἐν τῇ Ἄλτει παρὰ τῆς μητρὸς τὸν πατέρα ἕστηκε. Διαγόραν δὲ καὶ ὁμοῦ τοῖς παισὶν Ἀκουσιλάῳ καὶ Δαμαγήτῳ λέγουσιν ἐς Ὀλυμπίαν ἐλθεῖν· νικήσαντες δὲ οἱ νεανίσκοι διὰ τῆς πανηγύρεως τὸν πατέρα ἔφερον βαλλόμενόν τε ὑπὸ τῶν Ἑλλήνων ἄνθεσι καὶ εὐδαίμονα ἐπὶ τοῖς παισὶ καλούμενον. γένος δὲ ὁ Διαγόρας τὸ ἐξ ἀρχῆς Μεσσήνιος πρὸς γυναικῶν ἦν καὶ ἀπὸ τῆς Ἀριστομένους ἐγεγόνει θυγατρός.

Proper Nouns:

Δαμαγήτος Διαγόρας Μεσσήνιος Πεισίροδος Ἀκουσίλαος Ἀριστομένης Ἄλτις Ἕλληνες Ὀλυμπία

This same Peisirodos stands also in the Altis near his father, dedicated there by his mother. They say that Diagoras came to Olympia accompanied by his sons, Akousilaos and Damagetos. After the young men achieved victory, they carried their father through the assembly, and the Greeks showered him with flowers, calling him blessed for his sons' triumph. By descent Diagoras was originally of Messenian stock on his mother's side, being descended from a daughter of Aristomenes.

Passage 6.7.4 Class: Historical

Δωριεῖ δὲ τῷ Διαγόρου παρὲξ ἢ Ὀλυμπίασιν Ἰσθμίων μὲν γεγόνασιν ὀκτὼ νῖκαι, Νεμείων δὲ ἀποδέουσαι μιᾶς ἐς τὰς ὀκτώ· λέγεται δὲ καὶ ὡς Πύθια ἀνέλοιτο ἀκονιτί. ἀνηγορεύοντο δὲ οὗτός τε καὶ ὁ Πεισίροδος Θούριοι, διωχθέντες ὑπὸ τῶν ἀντιστασιωτῶν ἐκ τῆς Ῥόδου καὶ ἐς Ἰταλίαν παρὰ Θουρίους ἀπελθόντες. χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον κατῆλθεν ὁ Δωριεὺς ἐς Ῥόδον· καὶ φανερώτατα δὴ ἁπάντων ἀνὴρ εἷς φρονήσας οὗτος τὰ Λακεδαιμονίων φαίνεται, ὥστε καὶ ἐναυμάχησεν ἐναντία Ἀθηναίων ναυσὶν οἰκείαις, ἐς ὃ τριήρων ἁλοὺς Ἀττικῶν ἀνήχθη ζῶν παρὰ Ἀθηναίους.

Proper Nouns:

Διαγόρας Δωριεύς Δωριεύς Θοῦριοι Θοῦριοι Λακεδαιμόνιοι Νέμεα Πεισίροδος Πύθια Ἀθηναῖοι Ἀθηναῖοι Ἀττικοί Ἰσθμοί Ἰταλία Ὀλυμπία Ῥόδος Ῥόδος

Dorieus, the son of Diagoras, besides his Olympian victory, won eight victories at the Isthmian games, and at the Nemean games he had seven victories, one short of eight. It is also said that he gained a victory in the Pythian games without competition. He and Peisirodus, both of Thurii, were announced as such because they had been driven from Rhodes by their political opponents and had gone to Thurii in Italy. Later, after some time had passed, Dorieus returned to Rhodes, and of all men he appears most clearly to have shown great loyalty toward the Spartans, so much so that he even fought at sea with his own ships against the Athenians, until, captured by Attic triremes, he was brought alive to Athens.

Passage 6.7.5 Class: Historical

οἱ δὲ Ἀθηναῖοι πρὶν μὲν ἢ Δωριέα παρὰ σφᾶς ἀναχθῆναι θυμῷ τε ἐς αὐτὸν καὶ ἀπειλαῖς ἐχρῶντο· ὡς δὲ ἐς ἐκκλησίαν συνελθόντες ἄνδρα οὕτω μέγαν καὶ δόξης ἐς τοσοῦτο ἥκοντα ἐθεάσαντο ἐν σχήματι αἰχμαλώτου, μεταπίπτει σφίσιν ἐς αὐτὸν ἡ γνώμη καὶ ἀπελθεῖν ἀφιᾶσιν οὐδὲ ἔργον οὐδὲν ἄχαρι ἐργάζονται, παρόν σφισι πολλά τε καὶ σὺν τῷ δικαίῳ δρᾶσαι.

Proper Nouns:

Δωριεύς Ἀθηναῖοι

Before Dorieus was brought before them, the Athenians were filled with anger and threats against him. But when they assembled in the assembly and saw a man so great, whose reputation had reached such heights, reduced to the state of a prisoner, their opinion toward him changed: they let him depart and committed no harsh act, although many lawful actions were in their power.

Passage 6.7.6 Class: Historical

τὰ δὲ ἐς τοῦ Δωριέως τὴν τελευτήν ἐστιν ἐν τῇ συγγραφῇ τῇ Ἀτθίδι Ἀνδροτίωνι εἰρημένα, εἶναι μὲν τηνικαῦτα ἐν Καύνῳ τὸ βασιλέως ναυτικὸν καὶ Κόνωνα ἐπʼ αὐτῷ στρατηγόν, Ῥοδίων δὲ τὸν δῆμον πεισθέντα ὑπὸ τοῦ Κόνωνος ἀπὸ Λακεδαιμονίων μεταβαλέσθαι σφᾶς ἐς τὴν βασιλέως καὶ Ἀθηναίων συμμαχίαν, Δωριέα δὲ ἀποδημεῖν μὲν τότε ἐκ Ῥόδου περὶ τὰ ἐντὸς Πελοποννήσου χωρία, συλληφθέντα δὲ ὑπὸ ἀνδρῶν Λακεδαιμονίων αὐτὸν καὶ ἀναχθέντα ἐς Σπάρτην ἀδικεῖν τε ὑπὸ Λακεδαιμονίων καταγνωσθῆναι καὶ ἐπιβληθῆναί οἱ θάνατον ζημίαν.

Proper Nouns:

Δωριεύς Δωριεύς Καῦνος Κόνων Κόνων Λακεδαιμόνιοι Πελοπόννησος Σπάρτη Ἀθηναῖοι Ἀνδροτίων Ἀτθίς Ῥόδιοι Ῥόδος

The events surrounding the death of Dorieus are recorded in the Attic History by Androtion. He writes that at that time the Persian king's fleet was at Caunus, and Conon was its commander. He relates that the democratic party among the Rhodians was persuaded by Conon to abandon alliance with the Lacedaemonians and shift their support to the king and the Athenians, and that Dorieus was then abroad from Rhodes, traveling among the coastal lands within the Peloponnese. He was captured by the Lacedaemonians, taken back to Sparta, found guilty by them of wrongdoing, and sentenced to death.

Passage 6.7.7 Class: Historical

εἰ δὲ τὸν ὄντα εἶπεν Ἀνδροτίων λόγον, ἐθέλειν μοι φαίνεται Λακεδαιμονίους ἐς τὸ ἴσον ἔτι Ἀθηναίοις καταστῆσαι, ὅτι καὶ Ἀθηναίοις ἐς Θράσυλλον καὶ τοὺς ἐν Ἀργινούσαις ὁμοῦ τῷ Θρασύλλῳ στρατηγήσαντας προπετείας ἐστὶν ἔγκλημα. Διαγόρας μὲν δὴ καὶ τὸ ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ γένος δόξης ἐς τοσοῦτο ἀφίκοντο·

Proper Nouns:

Διαγόρας Θράσυλλος Θράσυλλος Λακεδαιμόνιοι Ἀθηναῖοι Ἀνδροτίων Ἀργινοῦσαι

But if Androtion has told the true story, it seems clear to me that the Lacedaemonians were eager to put themselves back on equal footing with the Athenians, since even the Athenians themselves accused Thrasyllus and those generals who served with him at Arginusae of reckless haste. As for Diagoras himself and his descendants, they attained great renown.

Passage 6.7.8 Class: Historical

ἐγένοντο δὲ καὶ Ἀλκαινέτῳ τῷ Θεάντου Λεπρεάτῃ καὶ αὐτῷ καὶ τοῖς παισὶν Ὀλυμπικαὶ νῖκαι. αὐτὸς μέν γε πυκτεύων ὁ Ἀλκαίνετος ἔν τε ἀνδράσι καὶ πρότερον ἔτι ἐπεκράτησεν ἐν παισίν· Ἑλλάνικον δὲ τὸν Ἀλκαινέτου καὶ Θέαντον ἐπὶ πυγμῇ παίδων ἀναγορευθῆναι τὸν μὲν ἐνάτῃ πρὸς ταῖς ὀγδοήκοντα Ὀλυμπιάδι, τὸν δὲ τῇ ἐφεξῆς ταύτῃ συνέβη τὸν Θέαντον· καί σφισιν ἀνδριάντες ἅπασιν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ κεῖνται.

Proper Nouns:

Θέαντος Θέαντος Λεπρεάτης Ἀλκαίνετος Ἀλκαίνετος Ἑλλάνικος Ὀλυμπία Ὀλυμπία Ὀλυμπιάς

Alcainetos, son of Theantos, a man from Lepreum, himself achieved Olympic victories, as did his sons. Alcainetos was victorious in boxing among the men and had previously prevailed as a boy. Hellanikos and Theantos, sons of Alcainetos, were proclaimed victors in boys' boxing, the former in the eighty-ninth Olympiad, and the latter in the subsequent Olympiad. Statues of all these men stand in Olympia.

Passage 6.7.9 Class: Historical

ἐπὶ δὲ τοῦ Ἀλκαινέτου τοῖς υἱοῖς Γνάθων τε Διπαιεὺς τῆς Μαιναλέων χώρας καὶ Λυκῖνος ἕστηκεν Ἠλεῖος· κρατῆσαι δὲ Ὀλυμπίασι πυγμῇ παῖδας ὑπῆρξε καὶ τούτοις. Γνάθωνα δὲ καὶ ἐς τὰ μάλιστα, ὅτε ἐνίκησεν, εἶναι νέον τὸ ἐπίγραμμα τὸ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ φησί· Καλλικλέους δὲ τοῦ Μεγαρέως ποίημα ὁ ἀνδριάς ἐστιν.

Proper Nouns:

Γνάθων Διπαιεύς Καλλικλῆς Λυκῖνος Μαινάλεια Μεγαρεύς Ἀλκαίνετος Ἠλεῖος Ὀλυμπία

Beside the sons of Alkainetos stand Gnathon, from Dipaia in the territory of Mainalos, and Lykinos, an Elean; these two also achieved victories at Olympia in boys' boxing contests. An epigram composed about Gnathon says that he was particularly young when he won his victory. The statue of Gnathon is the work of Kallikles of Megara.

Passage 6.7.10 Class: Historical

ἀνὴρ δὲ ἐκ Στυμφήλου Δρομεὺς ὄνομα, καὶ δὴ καὶ ἔργον τοῦτο ἐπὶ δολίχῳ παρεσχημένος, δύο μὲν ἔσχεν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ νίκας, τοσαύτας δὲ ἄλλας Πυθοῖ καὶ Ἰσθμίων τε τρεῖς καὶ ἐν Νεμέᾳ πέντε. λέγεται δὲ ὡς καὶ κρέας ἐσθίειν ἐπινοήσειε· τέως δὲ τοῖς ἀθληταῖς σιτία τυρὸν ἐκ τῶν ταλάρων εἶναι. τούτου μὲν δὴ Πυθαγόρας τὴν εἰκόνα, τὴν δὲ ἐφεξῆς ταύτῃ, πένταθλον Ἠλεῖον Πυθοκλέα, Πολύκλειτός ἐστιν εἰργασμένος.

Proper Nouns:

Δρομεύς Νεμέα Πολύκλειτος Πυθαγόρας Πυθοκλῆς Πυθώ Στύμφαλος Ἠλεῖος Ἰσθμία Ὀλυμπία

A man from Stymphalos named Dromeus, whose very name, Dromeus ("Runner"), matched his accomplishment in the long-distance race, won two victories at Olympia, the same number at Pytho, three at the Isthmian games, and five at Nemea. It is said that he was also the first to think of eating meat; previously, athletes relied on cheese from baskets for their nourishment. His statue was made by Pythagoras, while the one next to it, representing the Elean pentathlete Pythocles, was crafted by Polycleitus.

Legend:

Chapter 6.7