Pausanias Analysis

Greek passages split into sentences with English translation

Chapter 10.26

Passage Sentence Greek English Era Skepticism
10.26.1 1 τῶν δὲ γυναικῶν τῶν μεταξὺ τῆς τε Αἴθρας καὶ Νέστορος, εἰσὶν ἄνωθεν τούτων αἰχμάλωτοι καὶ αὗται Κλυμένη τε καὶ Κρέουσα καὶ Ἀριστομάχη καὶ Ξενοδίκη. Among the women standing between Aethra and Nestor, above them likewise are captives: Clymene, Creusa, Aristomache, and Xenodice. Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.1 2 Κλυμένην μὲν οὖν Στησίχορος ἐν Ἰλίου πέρσιδι κατηρίθμηκεν ἐν ταῖς αἰχμαλώτοις· Stesichorus, in his "Sack of Ilium," numbers Clymene among the captive women. Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.1 3 ὡσαύτως δὲ καὶ Ἀριστομάχην ἐποίησεν ἐν Νόστοις θυγατέρα μὲν Πριάμου, Κριτολάου δὲ γυναῖκα εἶναι τοῦ Ἱκετάονος· Similarly, in the "Returns," he represents Aristomache as a daughter of Priam and the wife of Critolaus, son of Hicetaon. Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.1 4 Ξενοδίκης δὲ μνημονεύσαντα οὐκ οἶδα οὔτε ποιητὴν οὔτε ὅσοι λόγων συνθέται. As for Xenodice, I know of no poet or writer who has made mention of her. Mythic Skeptical
10.26.1 5 ἐπὶ δὲ τῇ Κρεούσῃ λέγουσιν ὡς ἡ θεῶν μήτηρ καὶ Ἀφροδίτη δουλείας ἀπὸ Ἑλλήνων αὐτὴν ἐρρύσαντο, εἶναι γὰρ δὴ καὶ Αἰνείου τὴν Κρέουσαν γυναῖκα· Regarding Creusa, it is said that the Mother of the Gods and Aphrodite rescued her from slavery at the hands of the Greeks, for she was, indeed, the wife of Aeneas. Mythic Skeptical
10.26.1 6 Λέσχεως δὲ καὶ ἔπη τὰ Κύπρια διδόασιν Εὐρυδίκην γυναῖκα Αἰνείᾳ. However, Lesches and the author of the "Cyprian Epic" name Eurydice as Aeneas' wife. Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.2 1 γεγραμμέναι δὲ ἐπὶ κλίνης ὑπὲρ ταύτας Δηινόμη τε καὶ Μητιόχη καὶ Πεῖσίς ἐστι καὶ Κλεοδίκη· Written upon a couch above these women are Deinome, Metioche, Peisis, and Cleodice. Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.2 2 τούτων ἐν Ἰλιάδι καλουμένῃ μικρᾷ μόνης ἐστὶ τὸ ὄνομα τῆς Δηινόμης, τῶν δʼ ἄλλων ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν συνέθηκε τὰ ὀνόματα ὁ Πολύγνωτος. Of these, only Deinome's name occurs in the poem called the Little Iliad; it is my opinion that Polygnotus himself invented the names of the others. Mythic Skeptical
10.26.2 3 γέγραπται δὲ καὶ Ἐπειὸς γυμνὸς καταβάλλων ἐς ἔδαφος τῶν Τρώων τὸ τεῖχος· ἀνέχει δὲ ὑπὲρ αὐτὸ κεφαλὴ τοῦ ἵππου μόνη τοῦ δουρείου. There is also painted Epeius, depicted naked, pulling down the Trojan wall to the ground; and above it rises only the head of the Wooden Horse. Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.2 4 Πολυποίτης δὲ ὁ Πειρίθου δεδεμένος τὴν κεφαλὴν ταινίᾳ καὶ παρʼ αὐτὸν Ἀκάμας ἐστὶν ὁ Θησέως ἐπικείμενος τῇ κεφαλῇ κράνος· Polypoetes, the son of Peirithous, has his head bound with a fillet, and beside him stands Acamas, the son of Theseus, wearing a helmet upon his head. Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.3 1 λόφος δὲ ἐπὶ τῷ κράνει πεποίηται. Upon the helmet a crest has been fashioned. Historical Not Skeptical
10.26.3 2 καὶ Ὀδυσσεύς τέ ἐστι καὶ ἐνδέδυκε θώρακα Ὀδυσσεύς. Odysseus is depicted there, wearing his breastplate. Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.3 3 Αἴας δὲ ὁ Οἰλέως ἔχων ἀσπίδα βωμῷ προσέστηκεν, ὀμνύμενος ὑπὲρ τοῦ ἐς Κασσάνδραν τολμήματος· Ajax, the son of Oileus, stands beside an altar holding a shield, swearing concerning the outrage committed against Cassandra. Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.3 4 ἡ δὲ κάθηταί τε ἡ Κασσάνδρα χαμαὶ καὶ τὸ ἄγαλμα ἔχει τῆς Ἀθηνᾶς, εἴγε δὴ ἀνέτρεψεν ἐκ βάθρων τὸ ξόανον, ὅτε ἀπὸ τῆς ἱκεσίας αὐτὴν ὁ Αἴας ἀφεῖλκε. Cassandra herself is seated upon the ground, grasping the image of Athena, which indeed Ajax has overturned from its pedestal when he dragged her away from its sanctuary. Mythic Skeptical
10.26.3 5 γεγραμμένοι δὲ καὶ οἱ παῖδές εἰσιν οἱ Ἀτρέως, ἐπικείμενοι καὶ οὗτοι κράνη, Μενελάῳ δὲ ἀσπίδα ἔχοντι δράκων ἐπὶ τῇ ἀσπίδι ἐστὶν εἰργασμένος τοῦ ἐν Αὐλίδι φανέντος ἐπὶ τοῖς ἱερείοις τέρατος ἕνεκα. The sons of Atreus are also portrayed; these as well wear helmets, and on the shield of Menelaus a serpent is fashioned, symbolizing the prodigy that manifested over the sacrifices at Aulis. Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.3 6 ὑπὸ τούτοις τοῖς τὸν Αἴαντα ἐξορκοῦσιν, κατʼ εὐθὺ δὲ τοῦ ἵππου τοῦ Underneath these figures are those who administer the oath to Ajax, and directly in line with the horse itself— Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.4 1 παρὰ τῷ Νέστορι Νεοπτόλεμος ἀπεκτονώς ἐστιν Ἔλασον, ὅστις δὴ ὁ Ἔλασος. Near Nestor, Neoptolemus is depicted having slain Elasus, whoever this Elasus might be. Mythic Skeptical
10.26.4 2 οὗτος μὲν δὴ ὀλίγον ἐμπνέοντι ἔτι εἴκασται· He has been represented as still breathing slightly. Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.4 3 Ἀστύνοον δέ, οὗ δὴ ἐποιήσατο καὶ Λέσχεως μνήμην, πεπτωκότα ἐς γόνυ ὁ Νεοπτόλεμος ξίφει παίει. Astynous, whom Lescheos also mentioned, is shown as fallen on his knees, Neoptolemus striking him with a sword. Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.4 4 Νεοπτόλεμον δὲ μόνον τοῦ Ἑλληνικοῦ φονεύοντα ἔτι τοὺς Τρῶας ἐποίησεν ὁ Πολύγνωτος, ὅτι ὑπὲρ τοῦ Νεοπτολέμου τὸν τάφον ἡ γραφὴ πᾶσα ἔμελλεν αὐτῷ γενήσεσθαι. Polygnotus portrayed Neoptolemus alone among the Greeks still killing Trojans, since the entire painting was meant to be set above Neoptolemus’ tomb. Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.4 5 τοῦ δὲ Ἀχιλλέως τῷ παιδὶ Ὅμηρος μὲν Νεοπτόλεμον ὄνομα ἐν ἁπάσῃ οἱ τίθεται τῇ ποιήσει· τὰ δὲ Κύπρια ἔπη φησὶν ὑπὸ Λυκομήδους μὲν Πύρρον, Νεοπτόλεμον δὲ ὄνομα ὑπὸ Φοίνικος αὐτῷ τεθῆναι, ὅτι Ἀχιλλεὺς ἡλικίᾳ ἔτι νέος πολεμεῖν ἤρξατο. As for Achilles' son, Homer throughout all his poetry gives him the name Neoptolemus; however, the Cypria states that he was called Pyrrhus by Lycomedes, and that he was named Neoptolemus by Phoenix, because Achilles had begun war when still young. Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.5 1 γέγραπται δὲ βωμός τε καὶ ὑπὸ δείματος παῖς μικρὸς ἐχόμενος τοῦ βωμοῦ· There is depicted an altar and also a small boy clutching the altar in fear. Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.5 2 κεῖται δὲ καὶ θώραξ ἐπὶ τῷ βωμῷ χαλκοῦς. Set upon the altar is a bronze cuirass. Historical Not Skeptical
10.26.5 3 κατὰ δὴ ἐμὲ σπάνιον τῶν θωράκων τὸ σχῆμα ἦν τούτων, τὸ δὲ ἀρχαῖον ἔφερον αὐτούς. In my opinion, the shape of these cuirasses was uncommon, yet it was the ancient form that they bore. Historical Not Skeptical
10.26.5 4 δύο ἦν χαλκᾶ ποιήματα, τὸ μὲν στέρνῳ καὶ τοῖς ἀμφὶ τὴν γαστέρα ἁρμόζον, τὸ δὲ ὡς νώτου σκέπην εἶναι ---γύαλα ἐκαλοῦντο---· They consisted of two bronze pieces: one fitted for the chest and the parts around the belly, and the other designed as protection for the back—they were called "gyala." Historical Not Skeptical
10.26.5 5 τὸ μὲν ἔμπροσθεν τὸ δὲ ὄπισθεν προσῆγον, ἔπειτα περόναι συνῆπτον πρὸς ἄλληλα. They would bring the one piece to the front and the other to the back and then fasten them together with pins. Historical Not Skeptical
10.26.6 1 ἀσφάλειαν δὲ ἀποχρῶσαν ἐδόκει παρέχεσθαι καὶ ἀσπίδος χωρίς· They considered that even without a shield it provided sufficient protection. Historical Not Skeptical
10.26.6 2 ἐπὶ τούτῳ καὶ Ὅμηρος Φόρκυνα τὸν Φρύγα οὐκ ἔχοντα ἀσπίδα ἐποίησεν, ὅτι αὐτῷ γυαλοθώραξ ἦν. Concerning this matter, Homer also depicted Phorcys the Phrygian as being without a shield because he wore a breastplate of metal plates. Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.6 3 ἐγὼ δὲ γραφῇ μεμιμημένον τοῦτον ἐθεασάμην ὑπὸ τοῦ Πολυγνώτου, καὶ ἐν Ἀρτέμιδος τῆς Ἐφεσίας Καλλιφῶν ὁ Σάμιος Πατρόκλῳ τοῦ θώρακος τὰ γύαλα ἁρμοζούσας ἔγραψε γυναῖκας. I myself saw this image reproduced in a painting by Polygnotus; and at the temple of Artemis at Ephesus, Calliphon of Samos painted women fitting metal plates of armor onto Patroclus' breastplate. Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.7 1 τοῦ βωμοῦ δὲ ἐπέκεινα Λαοδίκην ἔγραψεν ἑστῶσαν. Beyond the altar he painted Laodice standing. Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.7 2 ταύτην οὔτε ὑπὸ ποιητοῦ κατειλεγμένην ἐν ταῖς αἰχμαλώτοις ταῖς Τρῳάσιν εὕρισκον οὔτε ἄλλως ἐφαίνετο ἔχειν μοι τὸ εἰκὸς ἢ ἀφεθῆναι τὴν Λαοδίκην ὑπὸ Ἑλλήνων. I found that she is neither mentioned by any poet among the captive Trojan women, nor did it seem to me probable that Laodice could have been otherwise than spared by the Greeks. Mythic Skeptical
10.26.7 3 Ὅμηρος μέν γε ἐδήλωσεν ἐν Ἰλιάδι Μενελάου καὶ Ὀδυσσέως ξενίαν παρὰ Ἀντήνορι καὶ ὡς Ἑλικάονι ἡ Λαοδίκη συνοικοίη τῷ Ἀντήνορος· Indeed Homer declared clearly in the Iliad that Menelaos and Odysseus had enjoyed hospitality at the home of Antenor, and that Laodice had married Helicaon, Antenor's son. Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.8 1 Λέσχεως δὲ τετρωμένον τὸν Ἑλικάονα ἐν τῇ νυκτομαχίᾳ γνωρισθῆναί τε ὑπὸ Ὀδυσσέως καὶ ἐξαχθῆναι ζῶντα ἐκ τῆς μάχης φησίν. But Lesches says that Helicaon, being wounded during the night battle, was recognized by Odysseus and brought alive out of the combat. Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.8 2 ἕποιτο ἂν οὖν τῇ Μενελάου καὶ Ὀδυσσέως κηδεμονίᾳ περὶ οἶκον τὸν Ἀντήνορος μηδὲ ἐς τοῦ Ἑλικάονος τὴν γυναῖκα ἔργον δυσμενὲς ὑπὸ Ἀγαμέμνονος καὶ Μενελάου γενέσθαι· Thus, it would follow logically from Menelaus and Odysseus's concern over Antenor's household that no hostile action was carried out by Agamemnon and Menelaus against Helicaon's wife. Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.8 3 Εὐφορίων δὲ ἀνὴρ Χαλκιδεὺς σὺν οὐδενὶ εἰκότι τὰ ἐς τὴν Λαοδίκην ἐποίησεν. Euphorion of Chalcis, however, composed what concerns Laodice without any apparent plausibility. Mythic Skeptical
10.26.9 1 ἐφεξῆς δὲ τῇ Λαοδίκῃ ὑποστάτης τε λίθου καὶ λουτήριόν ἐστιν ἐπὶ τῷ ὑποστάτῃ χαλκοῦν, Next to Laodice is a stone pedestal with a bronze washing-basin placed upon it. Historical Not Skeptical
10.26.9 2 Μέδουσα δὲ κατέχουσα ταῖς χερσὶν ἀμφοτέραις τὸ ὑπόστατον ἐπὶ τοῦ ἐδάφους κάθηται· Medusa sits on the ground holding the pedestal with both hands. Mythic Not Skeptical
10.26.9 3 ἐν δὲ ταῖς Πριάμου θυγατράσιν ἀριθμήσαι τις ἂν καὶ ταύτην κατὰ τοῦ Ἱμεραίου τὴν ᾠδήν. According to the epic poem of Himeraeus, Medusa too might be reckoned among the daughters of Priam. Mythic Skeptical
10.26.9 4 παρὰ δὲ τὴν Μέδουσαν ἐν χρῷ κεκαρμένη πρεσβῦτις ἢ ἄνθρωπός ἐστιν εὐνοῦχος, παιδίον δὲ ἐν τοῖς γόνασιν ἔχει γυμνόν· τὸ δὲ τὴν χεῖρα ὑπὸ δείματος ἐπίπροσθε τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν πεποίηται. Nearby Medusa is an elderly woman, her hair closely shorn, or possibly a eunuch, who holds a naked child upon her knees; the child is depicted holding its hand before its eyes in fear. Mythic Skeptical