Greek passages split into sentences with English translation
| Passage | Sentence | Greek | English | Era | Skepticism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10.38.1 | 1 | ἡ δὲ γῆ ἡ Λοκρῶν τῶν καλουμένων Ὀζολῶν προσεχὴς τῇ Φωκίδι ἐστὶ κατὰ τὴν Κίρραν. | The land of the Locrians, called Ozolian, lies adjacent to Phocis near Cirrha. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.1 | 2 | ἐς δὲ τὴν ἐπίκλησιν τῶν Λοκρῶν τούτων διάφορα ἤκουσα, ὁμοίως δὲ ἅπαντα δηλώσω. | Concerning the epithet given to these Locrians, I have heard various explanations, all of which I shall equally relate. | Historical | Skeptical |
| 10.38.1 | 3 | Ὀρεσθεῖ τῷ Δευκαλίωνος βασιλεύοντι ἐν τῇ χώρᾳ κύων ἔτεκεν ἀντὶ σκύλακος ξύλον· κατορύξαντος δὲ τοῦ Ὀρεσθέως τὸ ξύλον ἅμα τῷ ἦρι φῦναι ἄμπελον ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ λέγουσι καὶ ἀπὸ τοῦ ξύλου τῶν ὄζων γενέσθαι τὸ ὄνομα τοῖς ἀνθρώποις. | They say that in the reign of Orestheus, son of Deucalion, a dog gave birth not to a puppy but to a log of wood. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 10.38.10 | 1 | κληθῆναι δὲ ἀπὸ γυναικὸς ἢ νύμφης τεκμαίρομαι τὴν πόλιν, ἐπεὶ ἐπὶ Ναυπάκτῳ γε οἶδα εἰρημένον ὡς Δωριεῖς οἱ ὁμοῦ τοῖς Ἀριστομάχου παισὶ τὰ πλοῖα αὐτόθι ἐποιήσαντο, οἷς ἐς Πελοπόννησον ἐπεραιώθησαν· καὶ ἀντὶ τούτου γενέσθαι τὸ ὄνομα τῷ χωρίῳ φασί. | I infer that the city took its name from a woman or nymph, since concerning Naupaktos, at least, I know it is said that the Dorians who were with the sons of Aristomachos built ships there, by means of which they crossed over into the Peloponnese; and for this reason, they say, the place received its name. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 10.38.10 | 2 | τὰ δέ μοι Ναυπακτίων, ὡς τοῖς ἐς Ἰθώμην ἀποστᾶσιν ὁμοῦ τῷ σεισμῷ τῷ ἐν Λακεδαίμονι Ἀθηναῖοι Ναύπακτον ἐνοικῆσαί σφισιν ἔδοσαν ἀφελόμενοι τοὺς Λοκροὺς καὶ ὡς τοῦ Ἀθηναίων ὕστερον πταίσματος τοῦ ἐν Αἰγὸς ποταμοῖς Λακεδαιμόνιοι τοὺς Μεσσηνίους ἐδίωξαν καὶ ἐκ τῆς Ναυπάκτου, τάδε μὲν ἐπεξῆλθέ μοι καὶ ἐς πλέον ἡ Μεσσηνία συγγραφή· | As to the history of the inhabitants of Naupaktos—that the Athenians settled here those who had revolted to Ithome at the time of the earthquake in Lakedaimon, having taken Naupaktos away from the Lokrians; and that afterward, when the Athenians suffered their defeat at Aigospotamoi, the Spartans drove the Messenians out of Naupaktos as well—all these matters I have fully related in my account of Messene. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.10 | 3 | ἐκλιπόντων δὲ ὑπὸ ἀνάγκης τῶν Μεσσηνίων, οὕτως οἱ Λοκροὶ συνελέγχθησαν αὖθις ἐς τὴν Ναύπακτον. | When the Messenians were thus forced to abandon the city, the Lokrians once more regained possession of Naupaktos. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.11 | 1 | τὰ δὲ ἔπη τὰ Ναυπάκτια ὀνομαζόμενα ὑπὸ Ἑλλήνων ἀνδρὶ ἐσποιοῦσιν οἱ πολλοὶ Μιλησίῳ· | Now the verses called by the Greeks the "Naupactian poem" most people ascribe to a Milesian poet. | Historical | Skeptical |
| 10.38.11 | 2 | Χάρων δὲ ὁ Πύθεώ φησιν αὐτὰ ποιῆσαι Ναυπάκτιον Καρκίνον. | But Charon, son of Pytheas, says that they were composed by the Naupactian Carcinus. | Historical | Skeptical |
| 10.38.11 | 3 | ἑπόμεθα δὲ καὶ ἡμεῖς τῇ τοῦ Λαμψακηνοῦ δόξῃ· | We also follow the opinion of the Lampsacene. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.11 | 4 | τίνα γὰρ καὶ λόγον ἔχοι ἂν ἔπεσιν ἀνδρὸς Μιλησίου πεποιημένοις ἐς γυναῖκας τεθῆναί σφισιν ὄνομα Ναυπάκτια; | For what sense would there be in naming poems composed by a Milesian poet after women from Naupactus? | Historical | Skeptical |
| 10.38.12 | 1 | ἐνταῦθα ἔστι μὲν ἐπὶ θαλάσσῃ ναὸς Ποσειδῶνος καὶ ἄγαλμα ὀρθὸν χαλκοῦ πεποιημένον. | Here by the sea is a temple of Poseidon and an upright bronze statue. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.12 | 2 | ἔστι δὲ καὶ ἱερὸν Ἀρτέμιδος καὶ ἄγαλμα λευκοῦ λίθου· σχῆμα δὲ ἀκοντιζούσης παρέχεται καὶ ἐπίκλησιν εἴληφεν Αἰτωλή. | There is also a sanctuary of Artemis and a statue made of white stone; it is represented in the attitude of throwing a javelin, and it bears the surname Aetolian. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.12 | 3 | Ἀφροδίτη δὲ ἔχει μὲν ἐν σπηλαίῳ τιμάς· εὔχονται δὲ καὶ ἄλλων εἵνεκα καὶ αἱ γυναῖκες μάλιστα αἱ χῆραι γάμον αἰτοῦσι παρὰ τῆς θεοῦ. | Aphrodite is honored within a cave; people pray to this goddess concerning various matters, but especially women—particularly widows—who beg her for marriage. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.13 | 1 | τοῦ δὲ Ἀσκληπιοῦ τὸ ἱερὸν ἐρείπια ἦν, ἐξ ἀρχῆς δὲ ᾠκοδόμησεν αὐτὸ ἀνὴρ ἰδιώτης Φαλύσιος. | The sanctuary of Asclepius lay in ruins. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.13 | 2 | νοσήσαντι γάρ οἱ τοὺς ὀφθαλμοὺς καὶ οὐ πολὺ ἀποδέον τυφλῷ ὁ ἐν Ἐπιδαύρῳ πέμπει θεὸς Ἀνύτην τὴν ποιήσασαν τὰ ἔπη φέρουσαν σεσημασμένην δέλτον. | Originally, a private citizen named Phalysios had built it; for when he had become afflicted in his eyes and was almost blind, the god at Epidaurus sent to him Anyte, the poetess, carrying a sealed tablet. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.13 | 3 | τοῦτο ἐφάνη τῇ γυναικὶ ὄψις ὀνείρατος, ὕπαρ μέντοι ἦν αὐτίκα. | This appeared to the woman as a dream vision; nevertheless, it proved instantly real. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.13 | 4 | καὶ εὗρέ τε ἐν ταῖς χερσὶ ταῖς αὑτῆς σεσημασμένην δέλτον καὶ πλεύσασα ἐς τὴν Ναύπακτον ἐκέλευσεν ἀφελόντα τὴν σφραγῖδα Φαλύσιον ἐπιλέγεσθαι τὰ γεγραμμένα. | She found in her hands a sealed tablet, and sailing to Naupactus, she instructed Phalysios to break the seal and read what had been written. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.13 | 5 | τῷ δὲ ἄλλως μὲν οὐ δυνατὰ ἐφαίνετο ἰδεῖν τὰ γράμματα ἔχοντι οὕτω τῶν ὀφθαλμῶν. | Now, because of the condition of his eyes, it seemed impossible that he could clearly see the writing. | Historical | Skeptical |
| 10.38.13 | 6 | ἐλπίζων δέ τι ἐκ τοῦ Ἀσκληπιοῦ χρηστὸν ἀφαιρεῖ τὴν σφραγῖδα, καὶ ἰδὼν ἐς τὸν κηρὸν ὑγιής τε ἦν καὶ δίδωσι τῇ Ἀνύτῃ τὸ ἐν τῇ δέλτῳ γεγραμμένον, στατῆρας δισχιλίους χρυσοῦ. | But hoping for some benefit from Asclepius, he removed the seal, and immediately, as soon as he looked upon the wax, he became healthy. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.2 | 1 | οἱ δὲ Νέσσον πορθμεύοντα ἐπὶ τῷ Εὐήνῳ τρωθῆναι μὲν ὑπὸ Ἡρακλέους, οὐ μέντοι καὶ αὐτίκα γε ἀποθανεῖν ἀλλὰ ἐς τὴν γῆν ταύτην ἐκφυγεῖν νομίζουσι, καὶ ὡς ἀπέθανε σήπεσθαί τε ἄταφον καὶ ὀσμῆς τῷ ἐνταῦθα ἀέρι μεταδοῦναι δυσώδους. | Others consider that Nessus, after being wounded by Heracles while ferrying across the river Evenus, did not die immediately, but escaped instead to this land, and that when he died here his body rotted unburied and imparted a foul stench to the air there. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 10.38.2 | 2 | ὁ δὲ τρίτος τῶν λόγων καὶ ὁ τέταρτος, ὁ μὲν ποταμοῦ τινος ἄτοπον τήν τε ἀτμίδα καὶ αὐτό φησιν εἶναι τὸ ὕδωρ, ὁ δὲ τὸν ἀσφόδελον φύεσθαι πολὺν καὶ ἀνθοῦντα ὑπὸ τῆς ὀσμῆς. | The third and fourth accounts—one states that the unpleasant vapor and water itself come from a nearby river, whereas the other attributes the smell to a great quantity of blooming asphodel growing there. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.3 | 1 | λέγεται δὲ καὶ ὡς οἱ πρῶτοι τῶν ἐνταῦθα ἀνθρώπων ἦσαν αὐτόχθονες, ἐσθῆτα δὲ οὐκ ἐπιστάμενοί πω ὑφαίνεσθαι σκέπην πρὸς τὸ ῥῖγος θηρίων δέρματα ἐποιοῦντο ἀδέψητα, τὸ δασὺ τῶν δερμάτων ἐς τὸ ἐκτὸς ὑπὲρ εὐπρεπείας τρέποντες· | It is also said that the first inhabitants of this place were autochthonous, who, not yet knowing how to weave garments, fashioned for protection against the cold coverings made from the skins of animals, unprepared by tanning, turning the hairy side outward for appearance's sake. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 10.38.3 | 2 | ἔμελλεν οὖν κατὰ τὸ αὐτὸ ταῖς βύρσαις καὶ ὁ χρώς σφισιν ἔσεσθαι δυσώδης. | Consequently, their bodies must have become as malodorous as the skins themselves. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.4 | 1 | Δελφῶν δὲ ἀπωτέρω σταδίοις εἴκοσί τε καὶ ἑκατόν ἐστιν Ἄμφισσα μεγίστη καὶ ὀνομαστοτάτη πόλις τῶν Λοκρῶν. | Twenty stades and one hundred beyond Delphi lies Amphissa, the greatest and most famous city of the Locrians. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.4 | 2 | ἐσποιοῦσι δὲ αὑτοὺς ἐς τὸ Αἰτωλικὸν αἰσχύνῃ τῶν Ὀζολῶν τοῦ ὀνόματος· | Due to their shame at the name of the Ozolian Locrians, the inhabitants associate themselves rather with the Aetolian nation. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.4 | 3 | καὶ δὴ καὶ ἔχει λόγον εἰκότα, ὅτε βασιλεὺς ὁ Ῥωμαίων ἀναστάτους ἐς τὸν Νικοπόλεως συνοικισμὸν ἐποίησεν Αἰτωλούς, ἀποχωρῆσαι τοῦ δήμου τὸ πολὺ ἐς τὴν Ἄμφισσαν. | Indeed, the story has a degree of plausibility, because when the emperor of the Romans removed the Aetolians and resettled them in his new foundation of Nicopolis, a large portion of the population withdrew to Amphissa. | Historical | Skeptical |
| 10.38.4 | 4 | τὸ μέντοι ἐξ ἀρχῆς γένους τοῦ Λοκρῶν εἰσι· | Yet originally they descend from the Locrian people. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.4 | 5 | τεθῆναι δὲ τῇ πόλει τὸ ὄνομα ἀπὸ Ἀμφίσσης τῆς Μάκαρος τοῦ Αἰόλου φασὶ καὶ Ἀπόλλωνα ἐραστὴν γενέσθαι τῆς Ἀμφίσσης. | They say the city derived its name from Amphissa, daughter of Macareus, son of Aeolus, and Apollo was said to have been Amphissa's lover. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 10.38.5 | 1 | κεκόσμηται δὲ ἡ πόλις κατασκευῇ τε τῇ ἄλλῃ καὶ τὰ μάλιστα ἥκοντα ἐς μνήμην ἔστι μὲν μνῆμα Ἀμφίσσης, ἔστι δὲ Ἀνδραίμονος· | The city is adorned both in its general construction and especially with things most memorable; there is a tomb of Amphissa and one of Andraimon. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.5 | 2 | σὺν δὲ αὐτῷ ταφῆναι λέγουσι καὶ Γόργην τὴν Οἰνέως συνοικήσασαν τῷ Ἀνδραίμονι. | With him, they say, was buried Gorge, daughter of Oineus, who had become the wife of Andraimon. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.5 | 3 | ἐν δὲ τῇ ἀκροπόλει ναός σφισιν Ἀθηνᾶς καὶ ἄγαλμα ὀρθὸν χαλκοῦ πεποιημένον, κομισθῆναι δὲ ὑπὸ Θόαντός φασιν αὐτὴν ἐξ Ἰλίου καὶ εἶναι λαφύρων τῶν ἐκ Τροίας· | On the acropolis is a temple of Athena, with a bronze statue set upright; they claim that Thoas brought the image from Ilium, and that it formed part of the spoils from Troy. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 10.38.6 | 1 | οὐ μὴν καὶ ἐμέ γε ἔπειθον. | However, at any rate, they did not persuade me. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 10.38.6 | 2 | ἐδήλωσα δὲ ἐν τοῖς προτέροις τοῦ λόγου Σαμίους Ῥοῖκον Φιλαίου καὶ Θεόδωρον Τηλεκλέους εἶναι τοὺς εὑρόντας χαλκὸν ἐς τὸ ἀκριβέστατον τῆξαι· | I mentioned earlier in my account that the Samians Rhoecus, son of Philaeus, and Theodorus, son of Telecles, were the first to discover how to melt bronze with the utmost precision; | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.6 | 3 | καὶ ἐχώνευσαν οὗτοι πρῶτοι. | and these men were the first who cast statues. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.6 | 4 | Θεοδώρου μὲν δὴ οὐδὲν ἔτι οἶδα ἐξευρών, ὅσα γε χαλκοῦ πεποιημένα· | Of Theodorus, indeed, I know of no other invented works that survive today, at least ones made of bronze. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.6 | 5 | ἐν δὲ Ἀρτέμιδος τῆς Ἐφεσίας πρὸς τὸ οἴκημα ἐρχομένῳ τὸ ἔχον τὰς γραφὰς λίθου θριγκός ἐστιν ὑπὲρ τοῦ βωμοῦ τῆς Πρωτοθρονίης καλουμένης Ἀρτέμιδος· | But at Ephesus, as one approaches the temple-building of Artemis, there is a stone cornice above the altar of Artemis, called Protothronia, on the structure where inscriptions are displayed. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.6 | 6 | ἀγάλματα δὲ ἄλλα τε ἐπὶ τοῦ θριγκοῦ καὶ γυναικὸς εἰκὼν πρὸς τῷ πέρατι ἕστηκε, τέχνη τοῦ Ῥοίκου , | On this cornice stand several statues, and at the far end is the likeness of a woman, a work executed by Rhoecus. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.6 | 7 | Νύκτα δὲ οἱ Ἐφέσιοι καλοῦσι. | The Ephesians call this figure Night. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.7 | 1 | τοῦτο οὖν τὸ ἄγαλμα τῆς ἐν τῇ Ἀμφίσσῃ Ἀθηνᾶς καὶ ἰδεῖν ἔστιν ἀρχαιότερον καὶ ἀργότερον τὴν τέχνην. | This statue of Athena in Amphissa can be seen to be ancient in appearance and crude in its workmanship. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.7 | 2 | ἄγουσι δὲ καὶ τελετὴν οἱ Ἀμφισσεῖς Ἀνάκτων καλουμένων παίδων· | The people of Amphissa also hold a rite dedicated to those called the Anaktes ("the Lords") children. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.7 | 3 | οἵτινες δὲ θεῶν εἰσιν οἱ Ἄνακτες παῖδες, οὐ κατὰ ταὐτά ἐστιν εἰρημένον, ἀλλʼ οἱ μὲν εἶναι Διοσκούρους, οἱ δὲ Κούρητας, οἱ δὲ πλέον τι ἐπίστασθαι νομίζοντες Καβείρους λέγουσι. | But as to whose children among the gods these Anaktes might be, accounts differ: some say they are the Dioskouroi, others the Kouretes, and others, believing they have superior knowledge, call them the Kabeiroi. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 10.38.8 | 1 | τούτων δὲ τῶν Λοκρῶν τοσαίδε ἄλλαι πόλεις εἰσίν· | Of these Locrians, there are also the following other cities: | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.8 | 2 | ἄνω μὲν ὑπὲρ Ἀμφίσσης πρὸς ἤπειρον Μυονία σταδίοις ἀπωτέρω τριάκοντα Ἀμφίσσης· | Above Amphissa, toward the interior, is Myonia, thirty stades distant from Amphissa. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.8 | 3 | οὗτοι καὶ τῷ Διὶ ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ εἰσὶν οἱ ἀναθέντες Μυᾶνες τὴν ἀσπίδα. | It is these Myonians who dedicated the shield at Olympia to Zeus. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.8 | 4 | κεῖται δὲ τὸ πόλισμα ἐπὶ ὑψηλοῦ, καί σφισιν ἄλσος καὶ βωμὸς θεῶν Μειλιχίων ἐστί· | Their town is situated upon high ground, and they have a grove and an altar of the Meilichian gods. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.8 | 5 | νυκτεριναὶ δὲ αἱ θυσίαι θεοῖς τοῖς Μειλιχίοις εἰσὶ καὶ ἀναλῶσαι τὰ κρέα αὐτόθι πρὶν ἢ ἥλιον ἐπισχεῖν νομίζουσι. | To these Meilichian gods they offer sacrifice by night, and their custom requires them to consume the sacrificial meat on the spot before sunrise. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.8 | 6 | καὶ Ποσειδῶνός ἐστιν ὑπὲρ τὴν πόλιν τέμενος καλούμενον Ποσειδώνιον, ἐν δὲ αὐτῷ ναὸς Ποσειδῶνος· | Above the city there is also a sacred precinct of Poseidon, called the Poseidonion, in which stands a temple of Poseidon. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.8 | 7 | τὸ δὲ ἄγαλμα ἐς ἐμὲ οὐκ ἦν. | But at the time of my visit there was no image within it. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.9 | 1 | οὗτοι μὲν δὴ ὑπεροικοῦσιν Ἀμφίσσης· | These then are the peoples living beyond Amphissa. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.9 | 2 | ἐπὶ θαλάσσης δὲ Οἰάνθεια καὶ ταύτῃ ὁμοροῦσά ἐστι Ναύπακτος. | On the coast lies Oiantheia, and bordering upon it is Naupaktos. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.9 | 3 | πλὴν δὲ Ἀμφίσσης ὑπʼ Ἀχαιῶν οἱ ἄλλοι Πατρέων ἄρχονται, βασιλέως σφίσι δόντος Αὐγούστου. | Except for Amphissa, the remaining cities were placed under the authority of the people of Patrae by Augustus, who gave them a governor. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.9 | 4 | ἐν Οἰανθείᾳ δὲ Ἀφροδίτης τε ἱερὸν καὶ ὀλίγον ὑπὲρ τὴν πόλιν κυπαρίσσου τε ἀναμὶξ καὶ τῆς πίτυός ἐστιν ἄλσος καὶ ναός τε Ἀρτέμιδος καὶ ἄγαλμα ἐν τῷ ἄλσει· | In Oiantheia there is a sanctuary of Aphrodite, and a little way above the city is a grove of cypress trees intermingled with pines, as well as a temple and statue of Artemis within the grove. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 10.38.9 | 5 | γραφαὶ δὲ ἐπὶ τῶν τοίχων ἐξίτηλοί τε ἦσαν ὑπὸ τοῦ χρόνου καὶ οὐδὲν ἔτι ἐλείπετο ἐς θέαν αὐτῶν. | The paintings on the walls had been effaced by time, and nothing of them remained now to be seen. | Historical | Not Skeptical |