Greek passages split into sentences with English translation
| Passage | Sentence | Greek | English | Era | Skepticism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.24.1 | 1 | ἐνταῦθα Ἀθηνᾶ πεποίηται τὸν Σιληνὸν Μαρσύαν παίουσα, ὅτι δὴ τοὺς αὐλοὺς ἀνέλοιτο, ἐρρῖφθαι σφᾶς τῆς θεοῦ βουλομένης. | Here is represented Athena striking Marsyas the Silenus, because he had taken up the flutes which the goddess intended to discard after casting them away. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.1 | 2 | τούτων πέραν, ὧν εἴρηκα, ἐστὶν ἡ λεγομένη Θησέως μάχη πρὸς τὸν ταῦρον τὸν Μίνω καλούμενον, εἴτε ἀνὴρ εἴτε θηρίον ἦν ὁποῖον κεκράτηκεν ὁ λόγος· | Beyond these things I have described is the depiction of what is known as Theseus' battle against the bull called the Minotaur—whether it was a man or beast according to the prevailing tradition. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 1.24.1 | 3 | τέρατα γὰρ πολλῷ καὶ τοῦδε θαυμασιώτερα καὶ καθʼ ἡμᾶς ἔτικτον γυναῖκες. | For even in my own time women have given birth to monstrosities far more wondrous than this creature. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.2 | 1 | κεῖται δὲ καὶ Φρίξος ὁ Ἀθάμαντος ἐξενηνεγμένος ἐς Κόλχους ὑπὸ τοῦ κριοῦ· | There is also a depiction of Phrixus, son of Athamas, who was carried away to the Colchians by the ram. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.2 | 2 | θύσας δὲ αὐτὸν ὅτῳ δὴ θεῷ, ὡς δὲ εἰκάσαι τῷ Λαφυστίῳ καλουμένῳ παρὰ Ὀρχομενίοις, τοὺς μηροὺς κατὰ νόμον ἐκτεμὼν τὸν Ἑλλήνων ἐς αὐτοὺς καιομένους ὁρᾷ. | Having sacrificed the ram to whichever deity it may have been—presumably the one called Laphystios by the Orchomenians—Phrixus is shown performing the prescribed Greek ritual, cutting out its thighs and burning them. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 1.24.2 | 3 | κεῖνται δὲ ἑξῆς ἄλλαι τε εἰκόνες καὶ Ἡρακλέους· ἄγχει δέ, ὡς λόγος ἔχει, τοὺς δράκοντας. | Next to him stand other statues, including one of Heracles, who, according to tradition, is strangling the serpents. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.2 | 4 | Ἀθηνᾶ τέ ἐστιν ἀνιοῦσα ἐκ τῆς κεφαλῆς τοῦ Διός. | Athena is also depicted, rising from the head of Zeus. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.2 | 5 | ἔστι δὲ καὶ ταῦρος ἀνάθημα τῆς βουλῆς τῆς ἐν Ἀρείῳ πάγῳ, ἐφʼ ὅτῳ δὴ ἀνέθηκεν ἡ βουλή· | There is furthermore a bronze bull, dedicated by the Council of the Areopagus—for what reason the Council made this offering is not clear. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.3 | 1 | πολλὰ δʼ ἄν τις ἐθέλων εἰκάζοι. | One could speculate upon many things if willing. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 1.24.3 | 2 | λέλεκται δέ μοι καὶ πρότερον ὡς Ἀθηναίοις περισσότερόν τι ἢ τοῖς ἄλλοις ἐς τὰ θεῖά ἐστι σπουδῆς· | I have said previously, too, that the Athenians have greater earnestness regarding divine matters than other people. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.3 | 3 | πρῶτοι μὲν γὰρ Ἀθηνᾶν ἐπωνόμασαν Ἐργάνην, πρῶτοι δʼ ἀκώλους Ἑρμᾶς ἀνέθεσαν. | It was they who first gave Athena the surname Ergane ("Worker"), and they who first erected Hermae without limbs. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.3 | 4 | ὁμοῦ δέ σφισιν ἐν τῷ ναῷ †σπουδαίων δαίμων ἐστίν. | And among them in the sanctuary there is a deity of earnestness. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.3 | 5 | ὅστις δὲ τὰ σὺν τέχνῃ πεποιημένα ἐπίπροσθε τίθεται τῶν ἐς ἀρχαιότητα ἡκόντων, καὶ τάδε ἔστιν οἱ θεάσασθαι. | Whoever places a higher value upon works made with skill than upon those belonging to antiquity will have here objects to behold. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.3 | 6 | κράνος ἐστὶν ἐπικείμενος ἀνὴρ Κλεοίτου, καί οἱ τοὺς ὄνυχας ἀργυροῦς ἐνεποίησεν ὁ Κλεοίτας· | There is a man wearing a helmet, the work of Cleoetas; Cleoetas also fashioned his fingernails from silver. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.3 | 7 | ἔστι δὲ καὶ Γῆς ἄγαλμα ἱκετευούσης ὗσαί οἱ τὸν Δία, εἴτε αὐτοῖς ὄμβρου δεῆσαν Ἀθηναίοις εἴτε καὶ τοῖς πᾶσιν Ἕλλησι συμβὰς αὐχμός. | There is also a statue of Earth, beseeching Zeus to rain upon her, either because the Athenians themselves needed rain, or because drought had afflicted all the Greeks collectively. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.3 | 8 | ἐνταῦθα καὶ Τιμόθεος ὁ Κόνωνος καὶ αὐτὸς κεῖται Κόνων· | In this place are laid to rest Timotheus, son of Conon, and Conon himself. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.3 | 9 | Πρόκνην δὲ τὰ ἐς τὸν παῖδα βεβουλευμένην αὐτήν τε καὶ τὸν Ἴτυν ἀνέθηκεν Ἀλκαμένης. | Alcamenes made the dedication of Procne, planning her crime against her son, and of Itys himself. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.3 | 10 | πεποίηται δὲ καὶ τὸ φυτὸν τῆς ἐλαίας Ἀθηνᾶ καὶ κῦμα ἀναφαίνων Ποσειδῶν· | Sculpted also are Athena's olive tree and Poseidon, manifesting a wave. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.4 | 1 | καὶ Διός ἐστιν ἄγαλμα τό τε Λεωχάρους καὶ ὁ ὀνομαζόμενος Πολιεύς, | There is also a statue of Zeus, one made by Leochares and another called Polieus. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.4 | 2 | ᾧ τὰ καθεστηκότα ἐς τὴν θυσίαν γράφων τὴν ἐπʼ αὐτοῖς λεγομένην αἰτίαν οὐ γράφω. | Though I record the established customs connected to the sacrifice for Zeus Polieus, I omit writing down the explanation traditionally offered for them. | Historical | Skeptical |
| 1.24.4 | 3 | τοῦ Διὸς τοῦ Πολιέως κριθὰς καταθέντες ἐπὶ τὸν βωμὸν μεμιγμένας πυροῖς οὐδεμίαν ἔχουσι φυλακήν· | They place barley grains mixed with wheat on the altar of Zeus Polieus without setting any guard over them. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.4 | 4 | ὁ βοῦς δέ, ὃν ἐς τὴν θυσίαν ἑτοιμάσαντες φυλάσσουσιν, ἅπτεται τῶν σπερμάτων φοιτῶν ἐπὶ τὸν βωμόν. | The ox prepared for sacrifice, however, is carefully guarded; nonetheless, it goes up to the altar and touches the grains. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.4 | 5 | καλοῦσι δέ τινα τῶν ἱερέων βουφόνον, ὃς κτείνας τὸν βοῦν καὶ ταύτῃ τὸν πέλεκυν ῥίψας---οὕτω γάρ ἐστίν οἱ νόμος--- οἴχεται φεύγων· | One of the priests, whom they call the bouphonos ("ox-slayer"), kills the ox and immediately throws away the axe—for such is the custom—and flees swiftly away. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.4 | 6 | οἱ δὲ ἅτε τὸν ἄνδρα ὃς ἔδρασε τὸ ἔργον οὐκ εἰδότες, ἐς δίκην ὑπάγουσι τὸν πέλεκυν. | Those present, pretending not to know who performed the deed, put the axe on trial. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.4 | 7 | ταῦτα μὲν τρόπον τὸν εἰρημένον δρῶσιν· | They perform these rites in the manner described. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.4 | 8 | ἐς δὲ τὸν ναὸν ὃν Παρθενῶνα ὀνομάζουσιν, ἐς τοῦτον ἐσιοῦσιν | Next, they enter the temple known as the Parthenon. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.5 | 1 | ὁπόσα ἐν τοῖς καλουμένοις ἀετοῖς κεῖται, πάντα ἐς τὴν Ἀθηνᾶς ἔχει γένεσιν, τὰ δὲ ὄπισθεν ἡ Ποσειδῶνος πρὸς Ἀθηνᾶν ἐστιν ἔρις ὑπὲρ τῆς γῆς· | Everything depicted on what are called the pediments relates entirely to the birth of Athena, while on the rear is the contest between Poseidon and Athena over the land. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.5 | 2 | αὐτὸ δὲ ἔκ τε ἐλέφαντος τὸ ἄγαλμα καὶ χρυσοῦ πεποίηται. | The statue itself is made from ivory and gold. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.5 | 3 | μέσῳ μὲν οὖν ἐπίκειταί οἱ τῷ κράνει Σφιγγὸς εἰκών---ἃ δὲ ἐς τὴν Σφίγγα λέγεται, γράψω προελθόντος ἐς τὰ Βοιώτιά μοι τοῦ λόγου---, καθʼ ἑκάτερον δὲ τοῦ κράνους γρῦπές εἰσιν ἐπειργασμένοι. | In the middle of her helmet is placed the figure of a Sphinx—I shall write about what is said regarding the Sphinx when my account comes to Boeotia—and on each side of the helmet are fashioned griffins. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.6 | 1 | τούτους τοὺς γρῦπας ἐν τοῖς ἔπεσιν Ἀριστέας ὁ Προκοννήσιος μάχεσθαι περὶ τοῦ χρυσοῦ φησιν Ἀριμασποῖς τοῖς ὑπὲρ Ἰσσηδόνων· | Concerning these griffins, Aristeas of Proconnesus in his verses says that they fight for the gold against the Arimaspi, who dwell beyond the Issedones. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.6 | 2 | τὸν δὲ χρυσόν, ὃν φυλάσσουσιν οἱ γρῦπες, ἀνιέναι τὴν γῆν· | And that the gold guarded by the griffins is produced by the earth itself. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.6 | 3 | εἶναι δὲ Ἀριμασποὺς μὲν ἄνδρας μονοφθάλμους πάντας ἐκ γενετῆς, γρῦπας δὲ θηρία λέουσιν εἰκασμένα, πτερὰ δὲ ἔχειν καὶ στόμα ἀετοῦ. | He relates that all Arimaspi are men with one eye from birth, and that griffins are beasts resembling lions, but having the wings and beaks of eagles. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.6 | 4 | καὶ γρυπῶν μὲν πέρι τοσαῦτα εἰρήσθω· | Let thus much suffice regarding the griffins. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.7 | 1 | τὸ δὲ ἄγαλμα τῆς Ἀθηνᾶς ὀρθόν ἐστιν ἐν χιτῶνι ποδήρει καί οἱ κατὰ τὸ στέρνον ἡ κεφαλὴ Μεδούσης ἐλέφαντός ἐστιν ἐμπεποιημένη. | The statue of Athena stands upright, robed in a garment reaching down to her feet; upon her breast is a head of Medusa worked into ivory. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.7 | 2 | καὶ Νίκην τε ὅσον τεσσάρων πηχῶν, ἐν δὲ τῇ χειρί δόρυ ἔχει. | The figure of Nike is about four cubits tall, and in Athena's hand is a spear. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.7 | 3 | καί οἱ πρὸς τοῖς ποσὶν ἀσπίς τε κεῖται καὶ πλησίον τοῦ δόρατος δράκων ἐστίν. | At her feet lies a shield, and, close to the spear, a serpent. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.7 | 4 | εἴη δʼ ἂν Ἐριχθόνιος οὗτος ὁ δράκων. | This serpent may represent Erichthonius. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 1.24.7 | 5 | ἔστι δὲ τῷ βάθρῳ τοῦ ἀγάλματος ἐπειργασμένη Πανδώρας γένεσις. | Carved upon the pedestal of the statue is the Birth of Pandora. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.7 | 6 | πεποίηται δὲ Ἡσιόδῳ τε καὶ ἄλλοις ὡς ἡ Πανδώρα γένοιτο αὕτη γυνὴ πρώτη. | According to Hesiod and others, this Pandora was the first woman, | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 1.24.7 | 7 | πρὶν δὲ ἢ γενέσθαι Πανδώραν οὐκ ἦν πω γυναικῶν γένος. | and the race of women did not yet exist before Pandora came into being. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.7 | 8 | ἐνταῦθα εἰκόνα ἰδὼν οἶδα Ἀδριανοῦ βασιλέως μόνου. | Here I saw also only one statue of the emperor Hadrian, | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.7 | 9 | καὶ κατὰ τὴν ἔσοδον Ἰφικράτους ἀποδειξαμένου πολλά τε καὶ θαυμαστὰ ἔργα. | and near the entrance is Iphicrates, who accomplished many remarkable deeds. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.8 | 1 | τοῦ ναοῦ δέ ἐστι πέραν Ἀπόλλων χαλκοῦς, καὶ τὸ ἄγαλμα λέγουσι Φειδίαν ποιῆσαι· | Beyond the temple stands a bronze Apollo; they say this statue was crafted by Phidias. | Historical | Skeptical |
| 1.24.8 | 2 | Παρνόπιον δὲ καλοῦσιν, ὅτι σφίσι παρνόπων βλαπτόντων τὴν γῆν ἀποτρέψειν ὁ θεὸς εἶπεν ἐκ τῆς χώρας. | They call the god Parnopius because he declared that he would drive locusts (parnopes) harming their land away from their territory. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.8 | 3 | καὶ ὅτι μὲν ἀπέτρεψεν ἴσασι, τρόπῳ δὲ οὐ λέγουσι ποίῳ. | That he successfully drove them off is known, but they do not say precisely how. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.24.8 | 4 | τρὶς δὲ αὐτὸς ἤδη πάρνοπας ἐκ Σιπύλου τοῦ ὄρους οὐ κατὰ ταὐτὰ οἶδα φθαρέντας, ἀλλὰ τοὺς μὲν ἐξέωσε βίαιος ἐμπεσὼν ἄνεμος, τοὺς δὲ ὕσαντος τοῦ θεοῦ καῦμα ἰσχυρὸν καθεῖλεν ἐπιλαβόν, οἱ δὲ αἰφνιδίῳ ῥίγει καταληφθέντες ἀπώλοντο. | I myself know that locusts have already perished three times on Mount Sipylus, but not in the same manner each time: once they were driven off by a violent prevailing wind; another time a sudden intense heat sent by the god came upon them and destroyed them; and finally, some perished after being suddenly overtaken by sharp cold. | Historical | Not Skeptical |