Greek passages split into sentences with English translation
| Passage | Sentence | Greek | English | Era | Skepticism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1.3.1 | 1 | τὸ δὲ χωρίον ὁ Κεραμεικὸς τὸ μὲν ὄνομα ἔχει ἀπὸ ἥρωος Κεράμου, Διονύσου τε εἶναι καὶ Ἀριάδνης καὶ τούτου λεγομένου· | The place called Cerameicus obtains its name from the hero Ceramus, who is said to be the son of Dionysus and Ariadne. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 1.3.1 | 2 | πρώτη δέ ἐστιν ἐν δεξιᾷ καλουμένη στοὰ βασίλειος, ἔνθα καθίζει βασιλεὺς ἐνιαυσίαν ἄρχων ἀρχὴν καλουμένην βασιλείαν. | Upon entering, the first structure on the right is a stoa known as the Royal Portico, in which sits the king who holds the yearly office termed the monarchy. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.3.1 | 3 | ταύτης ἔπεστι τῷ κεράμῳ τῆς στοᾶς ἀγάλματα ὀπτῆς γῆς, ἀφιεὶς Θησεὺς ἐς θάλασσαν Σκίρωνα καὶ φέρουσα Ἡμέρα Κέφαλον, ὃν κάλλιστον γενόμενόν φασιν ὑπὸ Ἡμέρας ἐρασθείσης ἁρπασθῆναι· | On the terracotta roof of this portico are statues made of baked clay, depicting Theseus casting Sciron into the sea, and Day carrying off Cephalus, who was said to be exceptionally handsome, and whom Day, becoming enamored of him, carried away. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.3.1 | 4 | καί οἱ παῖδα γενέσθαι Φαέθοντα, ὃν ὕστερον ἡ Ἀφροδίτη ἥρπασε καὶ φύλακα ἐποίησε τοῦ ναοῦ. | They say he was the father of Phaethon, who afterwards Aphrodite herself seized and appointed guardian of her temple. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.3.1 | 5 | ταῦτα ἄλλοι τε καὶ Ἡσίοδος εἴρηκεν ἐν ἔπεσι τοῖς ἐς τὰς γυναῖκας. | This account is also narrated by Hesiod and by others in the poems dedicated to women. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.3.2 | 1 | πλησίον δὲ τῆς στοᾶς Κόνων ἕστηκε καὶ Τιμόθεος υἱὸς Κόνωνος καὶ βασιλεὺς Κυπρίων Εὐαγόρας, | Near the portico stand statues of Conon, his son Timotheus, and Evagoras, the king of Cyprus. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.3.2 | 2 | ὃς καὶ τὰς τριήρεις τὰς Φοινίσσας ἔπραξε παρὰ βασιλέως Ἀρταξέρξου δοθῆναι Κόνωνι· ἔπραξε δὲ ὡς Ἀθηναῖος καὶ τὸ ἀνέκαθεν ἐκ Σαλαμῖνος, ἐπεὶ καὶ γενεαλογῶν ἐς προγόνους ἀνέβαινε Τεῦκρον καὶ Κινύρου θυγατέρα. | Evagoras was responsible for urging King Artaxerxes to grant Phoenician triremes to Conon; he acted thus as an Athenian, descended from the ancient line of Salamis, tracing his ancestry back on one side to Teucer and on the other to a daughter of Cinyras. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.3.2 | 3 | ἐνταῦθα ἕστηκε Ζεὺς ὀνομαζόμενος Ἐλευθέριος καὶ βασιλεὺς Ἀδριανός, ἐς ἄλλους τε ὧν ἦρχεν εὐεργεσίας καὶ ἐς τὴν πόλιν μάλιστα ἀποδειξάμενος τὴν Ἀθηναίων. | Here also stand statues of Zeus surnamed Eleutherios ("the Liberator") and Emperor Hadrian, who bestowed exceptional kindness upon the peoples he governed and, above all, upon the city of Athens itself. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.3.3 | 1 | στοὰ δὲ ὄπισθεν ᾠκοδόμηται γραφὰς ἔχουσα θεοὺς τοὺς δώδεκα καλουμένους· | Behind is built a colonnade containing paintings of the gods called the Twelve. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.3.3 | 2 | ἐπὶ δὲ τῷ τοίχῳ τῷ πέραν Θησεύς ἐστι γεγραμμένος καὶ Δημοκρατία τε καὶ Δῆμος. | Upon the opposite wall there are painted figures of Theseus, Democracy, and the People (Dēmos). | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.3.3 | 3 | δηλοῖ δὲ ἡ γραφὴ Θησέα εἶναι τὸν καταστήσαντα Ἀθηναίοις ἐξ ἴσου πολιτεύεσθαι· | The painting indicates that Theseus was the one who established equal governance among the Athenians. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.3.3 | 4 | κεχώρηκε δὲ φήμη καὶ ἄλλως ἐς τοὺς πολλούς, ὡς Θησεὺς παραδοίη τὰ πράγματα τῷ δήμῳ καὶ ὡς ἐξ ἐκείνου δημοκρατούμενοι διαμείναιεν, πρὶν ἢ Πεισίστρατος ἐτυράννησεν ἐπαναστάς. | A common tradition has spread extensively among many people that Theseus handed over authority to the people, and from that time onward they governed democratically until Peisistratos rose up and established his tyranny. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 1.3.3 | 5 | λέγεται μὲν δὴ καὶ ἄλλα οὐκ ἀληθῆ παρὰ τοῖς πολλοῖς οἷα ἱστορίας ἀνηκόοις οὖσι καὶ ὁπόσα ἤκουον εὐθὺς ἐκ παίδων ἔν τε χοροῖς καὶ τραγῳδίαις πιστὰ ἡγουμένοις, | Indeed, many other stories told by the mass of people are also untrue, since they are unfamiliar with history, and they regard as reliable all they have heard from childhood in choruses and dramatic performances. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 1.3.3 | 6 | λέγεται δὲ καὶ ἐς τὸν Θησέα, ὃς αὐτός τε ἐβασίλευσε καὶ ὕστερον Μενεσθέως τελευτήσαντος καὶ ἐς τετάρτην οἱ Θησεῖδαι γενεὰν διέμειναν ἄρχοντες. | Such is also the case concerning Theseus, who himself ruled as king, and whose descendants after Menestheus remained rulers until the fourth generation. | Mythic | Skeptical |
| 1.3.3 | 7 | εἰ δέ μοι γενεαλογεῖν ἤρεσκε, καὶ τοὺς ἀπὸ Μελάνθου βασιλεύσαντας ἐς Κλείδικον τὸν Αἰσιμίδου καὶ τούτους ἂν ἀπηριθμησάμην. | And if it were pleasing to me to pursue genealogies, I could have enumerated those rulers descending from Melanthos down to Cleidicus, the son of Aisimidos. | Mythic | Not Skeptical |
| 1.3.4 | 1 | ἐνταῦθά ἐστι γεγραμμένον καὶ τὸ περὶ Μαντίνειαν Ἀθηναίων ἔργον, οἳ βοηθήσοντες Λακεδαιμονίοις ἐπέμφθησαν. | Here also is depicted the action of the Athenians near Mantineia, who were sent to aid the Lacedaemonians. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.3.4 | 2 | συνέγραψαν δὲ ἄλλοι τε καὶ Ξενοφῶν τὸν πάντα πόλεμον, κατάληψίν τε τῆς Καδμείας καὶ τὸ πταῖσμα Λακεδαιμονίων τὸ ἐν Λεύκτροις καὶ ὡς ἐς Πελοπόννησον ἐσέβαλον Βοιωτοὶ καὶ τὴν συμμαχίαν Λακεδαιμονίοις τὴν παρʼ Ἀθηναίων ἐλθοῦσαν· | Various historians, including Xenophon, have described this entire war—the capture of the Cadmeia, the defeat of the Spartans at Leuctra, the Boeotian invasion of the Peloponnese, and the alliance the Athenians entered into on behalf of the Lacedaemonians. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.3.4 | 3 | ἐν δὲ τῇ γραφῇ τῶν ἱππέων ἐστὶ μάχη, ἐν ᾗ γνωριμώτατοι Γρύλος τε ὁ Ξενοφῶντος ἐν τοῖς Ἀθηναίοις καὶ κατὰ τὴν ἵππον τὴν Βοιωτίαν Ἐπαμινώνδας ὁ Θηβαῖος. | In this picture is a cavalry engagement, where the prominent figures are Grylus, the son of Xenophon, among the Athenians, and Epaminondas the Theban among the Boeotians. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.3.4 | 4 | ταύτας τὰς γραφὰς Εὐφράνωρ ἔγραψεν Ἀθηναίοις καὶ πλησίον ἐποίησεν ἐν τῷ ναῷ τὸν Ἀπόλλωνα Πατρῷον ἐπίκλησιν· | These paintings Euphranor executed for the Athenians, and near to them he placed in the temple a statue of Apollo surnamed "Patroos" (Paternal). | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.3.4 | 5 | πρὸ δὲ τοῦ νεὼ τὸν μὲν Λεωχάρης , ὃν δὲ καλοῦσιν Ἀλεξίκακον Κάλαμις ἐποίησε. | Of the statues before the temple, the one is by Leochares, and the other, called Alexikakos ("Averter of Evil"), is by Calamis. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.3.4 | 6 | τὸ δὲ ὄνομα τῷ θεῷ γενέσθαι λέγουσιν, ὅτι τὴν λοιμώδη σφίσι νόσον ὁμοῦ τῷ Πελοποννησίων πολέμῳ πιέζουσαν κατὰ μάντευμα ἔπαυσε ν ἐκ Δελφῶν. | They say the god received this epithet because, upon the advice of the Delphic oracle, he brought an end to the plague that afflicted them along with the Peloponnesian War. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.3.5 | 1 | ᾠκοδόμηται δὲ καὶ Μητρὸς θεῶν ἱερόν, ἣν Φειδίας εἰργάσατο, καὶ πλησίον τῶν πεντακοσίων καλουμένων βουλευτήριον, οἳ βουλεύουσιν ἐνιαυτὸν Ἀθηναίοις· | There is also a sanctuary built to the Mother of the Gods, a work created by Pheidias, and near it is the Council Chamber of those called the Five Hundred, who advise the Athenians for a year. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.3.5 | 2 | Βουλαίου δὲ ἐν αὐτῷ κεῖται ξόανον Διὸς καὶ Ἀπόλλων τέχνη Πεισίου καὶ Δῆμος ἔργον Λύσωνος. | Within this chamber stands a wooden image of Zeus Boulaios, as well as an Apollo crafted by Peisias and a representation of the People by Lyson. | Historical | Not Skeptical |
| 1.3.5 | 3 | τοὺς δὲ θεσμοθέτας ἔγραψε Πρωτογένης Καύνιος, Ὀλβιάδης δὲ Κάλλιππον, ὃς Ἀθηναίους ἐς Θερμοπύλας ἤγαγε φυλάξοντας τὴν ἐς τὴν Ἑλλάδα Γαλατῶν ἐσβολήν. | Protogenes of Caunus painted the Thesmothetai, and Olbiades painted Callippos, who led the Athenians to Thermopylae to repel the invasion of Greece by the Gauls. | Historical | Not Skeptical |