Greek passages split into sentences with English translation
| Passage | Sentence | Greek | English | Era | Skepticism |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.1.1 | 1 | μετὰ δὲ τοὺς Ἑρμᾶς ἐστιν ἤδη Λακωνικὴ τὰ πρὸς ἑσπέρας. | After the Herms, going westward, you come presently to the part called Laconia. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.1 | 2 | ὡς δὲ αὐτοὶ Λακεδαιμόνιοι λέγουσι, Λέλεξ αὐτόχθων ὢν ἐβασίλευσε πρῶτος ἐν τῇ γῇ ταύτῃ καὶ ἀπὸ τούτου Λέλεγες ὧν ἦρχεν ὠνομάσθησαν. | According to the accounts of the Lacedaemonians themselves, Lelex, an earth-born native, was the first king who ruled this land, and from him the Leleges, the people he governed, derived their name. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.1 | 3 | Λέλεγος δὲ γίνεται Μύλης καὶ νεώτερος Πολυκάων. | Lelex had two sons, Myles and a younger one, Polycaon. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.1 | 4 | Πολυκάων μὲν δὴ ὅποι καὶ διʼ ἥντινα αἰτίαν ἀπεχώρησεν, ἑτέρωθι δηλώσω· | On another occasion I shall explain where Polycaon went and why he left the country. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.1 | 5 | Μύλητος δὲ τελευτήσαντος παρέλαβεν ὁ παῖς Εὐρώτας τὴν ἀρχήν. | On the death of Myles, his son Eurotas succeeded to the throne. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.1 | 6 | οὗτος τὸ ὕδωρ τὸ λιμνάζον ἐν τῷ πεδίῳ διώρυγι κατήγαγεν ἐπὶ θάλασσαν, ἀπορρυέντος δὲ---ἦν γὰν δὴ τὸ ὑπόλοιπον ποταμοῦ ῥεῦμα--- ὠνόμασεν Εὐρώταν. | Eurotas channeled off the standing water that filled the plain by cutting a canal to the sea; and when this water had drained away, the stream that remained became a river, which he named Eurotas after himself. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.2 | 1 | ἅτε δὲ οὐκ ὄντων· αὐτῷ παίδων ἀρρένων βασιλεύειν καταλείπει Λακεδαίμονα, μητρὸς μὲν Ταϋγέτης ὄντα, ἀφʼ ἧς καὶ τὸ ὄρος ὠνομάσθη, ἐς Δία δὲ πατέρα ἀνήκοντα κατὰ τὴν φήμην· συνῴκει δὲ ὁ Λακεδαίμων Σπάρτῃ θυγατρὶ τοῦ Εὐρώτα. | Since he himself had no male children, he left the kingdom of Lakedaimon to Lakedaimon, whose mother was Taygete—from whom the mountain also received its name—and who, according to tradition, traced his descent on his father's side back to Zeus. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.2 | 2 | τότε δὲ ὡς ἔσχε τὴν ἀρχήν, πρῶτα μὲν τῇ χώρᾳ καὶ τοῖς ἀνθρώποις μετέθετο ἀφʼ αὑτοῦ τὰ ὀνόματα, μετὰ δὲ τοῦτο ᾤκισέ τε καὶ ὠνόμασεν ἀπὸ τῆς γυναικὸς πόλιν, ἣ Σπάρτη καλεῖται καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς. | Lakedaimon married Sparta, daughter of Eurotas. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.3 | 1 | Ἀμύκλας δὲ ὁ Λακεδαίμονος, βουλόμενος ὑπολιπέσθαι τι καὶ αὐτὸς ἐς μνήμην, πόλισμα ἔκτισεν ἐν τῇ Λακωνικῇ. | Amyclas, son of Lacedaemon, desiring himself also to leave something behind in remembrance, founded a small town in Laconia. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.3 | 2 | γενομένων δέ οἱ παίδων Ὑάκινθον μὲν νεώτατον ὄντα καὶ τὸ εἶδος κάλλιστον κατέλαβεν ἡ πεπρωμένη πρότερον τοῦ πατρός, καὶ Ὑακίνθου μνῆμά ἐστιν ἐν Ἀμύκλαις ὑπὸ τὸ ἄγαλμα τοῦ Ἀπόλλωνος. | Among his sons, Hyacinthus, the youngest and the most handsome in appearance, was overtaken by fate before his father, and the tomb of Hyacinthus is in Amyclae, beneath the image of Apollo. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.3 | 3 | ἀποθανόντος δὲ Ἀμύκλα ἐς Ἄργαλον τὸν πρεσβύτατον τῶν Ἀμύκλα παίδων καὶ ὕστερον ἐς Κυνόρταν Ἀργάλου τελευτήσαντος ἀφίκετο ἡ ἀρχή. | After the death of Amyclas, the succession of rule passed first to Argalus, the eldest of Amyclas' sons, and afterward, upon the death of Argalus, to Cynortas. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.4 | 1 | Κυνόρτα δὲ ἐγένετο Οἴβαλος. | From Cynortas was born Oibalos. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.4 | 2 | οὗτος Γοργοφόνην τε τὴν Περσέως γυναῖκα ἔσχεν ἐξ Ἄργους καὶ παῖδα ἔσχε Τυνδάρεων, ᾧ περὶ τῆς βασιλείας Ἱπποκόων ἠμφισβήτει καὶ κατὰ πρεσβείαν ἔχειν ἠξίου τὴν ἀρχήν. | He married Gorgophone, the wife of Perseus, from Argos, and had a son Tyndareus. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.4 | 3 | προσλαβὼν δὲ Ἰκάριον καὶ τοὺς στασιώτας παρὰ πολύ τε ὑπερεβάλετο δυνάμει Τυνδάρεων καὶ ἠνάγκασεν ἀποχωρῆσαι δείσαντα, ὡς μὲν Λακεδαιμόνιοί φασιν, ἐς Πελλάναν, Μεσσηνίων δέ ἐστιν ἐς αὐτὸν λόγος Τυνδάρεων φεύγοντα ἐλθεῖν ὡς Ἀφαρέα ἐς τὴν Μεσσηνίαν εἶναί τε Ἀφαρέα τὸν Περιήρους ἀδελφὸν Τυνδάρεω πρὸς μητρός· | Hippocoön contended with this Tyndareus about the kingship, arguing that he had the stronger claim by birthright. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.4 | 4 | καὶ οἰκῆσαί τε αὐτὸν τῆς Μεσσηνίας φασὶν ἐν Θαλάμαις καὶ τοὺς παῖδας ἐνταῦθα οἰκοῦντι αὐτῷ γενέσθαι. | Taking on his side Icarius and his followers, Hippocoön far surpassed Tyndareus in strength and compelled him to flee in fear. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.5 | 1 | χρόνῳ δὲ ὕστερον κατῆλθέ τε ὑπὸ Ἡρακλέους Τυνδάρεως καὶ ἀνενεώσατο τὴν ἀρχὴν· | Later, after some time, Tyndareus was restored by Heracles' aid and regained the throne. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.5 | 2 | ἐβασίλευσαν δὲ καὶ οἱ Τυνδάρεω παῖδες καὶ Μενέλαος ὁ Ἀτρέως Τυνδάρεω γαμβρὸς ὢν Ὀρέστης τε Ἑρμιόνῃ τῇ Μενελάου συνοικῶν. | The sons of Tyndareus also ruled, as well as Menelaus the son of Atreus, Tyndareus' son-in-law; and Orestes, who was wedded to Hermione, daughter of Menelaus. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.5 | 3 | κατελθόντων δὲ Ἡρακλειδῶν ἐπὶ Τισαμενοῦ τοῦ Ὀρέστου βασιλεύοντος, Μεσσήνη μὲν καὶ Ἄργος ἑκατέρα μοῖρα Τήμενον, ἡ δὲ Κρεσφόντην ἔσχεν ἄρχοντας· | When the Heracleidae returned during the reign of Orestes' son Tisamenus, Argos and Messenia each received Temenus and Cresphontes respectively as their rulers. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.5 | 4 | ἐν Λακεδαίμονι δὲ ὄντων διδύμων τῶν Ἀριστοδήμου παίδων οἰκίαι δύο βασίλειαι γίνονται· | In Lacedaemon, due to the twins who were the sons of Aristodemus, two royal houses emerged. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.6 | 1 | συναρέσαι γὰρ τῇ Πυθίᾳ φασίν. | For they say he pleased the Pythia. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.6 | 2 | Ἀριστοδήμῳ δὲ αὐτῷ πρότερον τὴν τελευτὴν συμβῆναι λέγουσιν ἐν Δελφοῖς πρὶν ἢ Δωριέας κατελθεῖν ἐς Πελοπόννησον. | But Aristodemus himself, it is told, met his death at Delphi before the Dorians descended into the Peloponnesus. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.6 | 3 | οἱ μὲν δὴ ἀποσεμνύνοντες τὰ ἐς αὐτὸν τοξευθῆναι λέγουσιν Ἀριστόδημον ὑπὸ Ἀπόλλωνος, ὅτι οὐκ ἀφίκοιτο ἐπὶ τὸ μαντεῖον, παρὰ δὲ Ἡρακλέους ἐντυχόντος οἱ πρότερον πύθοιτο ὡς ἐς Πελοπόννησον Δωριεῦσι γενήσεται ἥδε ἡ κάθοδος· | Some indeed glorify his story, saying that Aristodemus was shot by Apollo, because he had not approached the oracle but had previously inquired from Heracles, who appeared to him, how the planned descent of the Dorians into the Peloponnesus would turn out. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.6 | 4 | ὁ δὲ ἀληθέστερος ἔχει λόγος Πυλάδου τοὺς παῖδας καὶ Ἠλέκτρας, ἀνεψιοὺς ὄντας Τισαμενῷ τῷ Ὀρέστου, φονεῦσαι τὸν Ἀριστόδημον. | The more truthful account, however, maintains that the sons of Pylades and Electra, cousins of Tisamenus son of Orestes, killed Aristodemus. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.7 | 1 | ὀνόματα μὲν δὴ τοῖς παισὶν αὐτοῦ Προκλῆς καὶ Εὐρυσθένης ἐτέθη, δίδυμοι δὲ ὄντες διάφοροι τὰ μάλιστα ἦσαν. | His sons were named Procles and Eurysthenes, who were twins but exceedingly different in character. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.7 | 2 | προεληλυθότες δὲ ἐπὶ μέγα ἀπεχθείας ὅμως ἐν κοινῷ Θήρᾳ τῷ Αὐτεσίωνος, ἀδελφῷ τῆς μητρὸς σφῶν ὄντι Ἀργείας, ἐπιτροπεύσαντι δὲ καὶ αὐτῶν, συνήραντο ἐς ἀποικίαν. | Though they had fallen into great mutual enmity, they nonetheless came together to undertake a colony under Theras, son of Autesion, who was their guardian and the brother of their Argive mother. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.7 | 3 | τὴν δὲ ἀποικίαν ὁ Θήρας ἔστελλεν ἐς τὴν νῆσον τὴν τότε ὀνομαζομένην Καλλίστην, τοὺς ἀπογόνους οἱ τοῦ Μεμβλιάρου παραχωρήσεσθαι τῆς βασιλείας ἐλπίζων ἑκόντας, ὅπερ οὖν καὶ ἐποίησαν | Theras dispatched the colony to the island then called Calliste, anticipating that the descendants of Membliarus would voluntarily yield the royal rule to him—which indeed they did. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.8 | 1 | λαβόντες λογισμὸν ὅτι Θήρᾳ μὲν ἐς αὐτὸν ἀνῄει Κάδμον τὸ γένος, οἱ δὲ ἦσαν ἀπόγονοι Μεμβλιάρου· Μεμβλίαρον δὲ ἄνδρα ὄντα τοῦ δήμου Κάδμος ἐν τῇ νήσῳ κατέλιπεν ἡγεμόνα εἶναι τῶν ἐποίκων. | Taking into consideration that on Therās himself the family line went back to Cadmus, while they themselves were descendants of Membliarus; and Membliarus was a townsman whom Cadmus had appointed leader of the settlers he left behind on the island. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.8 | 2 | καὶ Θήρας μὲν τῇ τε νήσῳ μετέβαλεν ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ τὸ ὄνομα καί οἱ καὶ νῦν ἔτι οἱ Θηραῖοι κατὰ ἔτος ἐναγίζουσιν ὡς οἰκιστῇ· | Therās changed the name of the island, naming it after himself, and even now the Therans, every year, offer sacrifices to him as their founder. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.8 | 3 | Προκλεῖ δὲ καὶ Εὐρυσθένει μέχρι μὲν τῆς προθυμίας τῆς ἐς τὸν Θήραν ἐς τὸ αὐτὸ συνῆλθον αἱ γνῶμαι, τὰ δὲ λοιπὰ διειστήκει σφίσιν ἐπὶ παντὶ τὰ βουλεύματα. | Procles and Eurysthenes agreed with Therās only insofar as their enthusiasm toward him went, but concerning all other matters their opinions were completely at variance. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.9 | 1 | οὐ μὴν οὐδὲ ὁμονοησάντων τοὺς ἀπογόνους αὐτῶν ἐς κοινὸν κατάλογον ὑπάξειν ἂν ἔμελλον· | Nevertheless, even if their descendants had agreed, they would not have been able to unite them into one common list. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.9 | 2 | οὐ γάρ τι τὰ πάντα ἐς τὸ αὐτὸ συνεληλύθασιν ἡλικίας, ὡς ἀνεψιόν τε ἀνεψιῷ καὶ ἀνεψιῶν παῖδας, ὡσαύτως δὲ καὶ τοὺς κατωτέρω κατὰ ἀριθμὸν τυχεῖν ἀλλήλοις γεγονότας τὸν ἴσον. | For their generations did not all coincide exactly, so that cousin could correspond with cousin, or cousins' children or others further down the line could match one another perfectly in number. | ? | ? |
| 3.1.9 | 3 | ἑκατέραν οὖν τὴν οἰκίαν ἐπέξειμι αὐτῶν ἰδίως καὶ οὐκ ἀμφοτέρας ἅμα ἐς τὸ αὐτὸ ἀναμίξας. | Therefore, I shall discuss each of their houses separately, rather than mingling them both together at once. | ? | ? |