Pausanias Analysis

Passage 2.12.1 Class: Skeptical

ἐν δὲ Τιτάνῃ καὶ Ἀθηνᾶς ἱερόν ἐστιν, ἐς ὃ τὴν Κορωνίδα ἀνάγουσιν· ἐν δὲ αὐτῷ ξόανον Ἀθηνᾶς ἐστιν ἀρχαῖον, κεραυνωθῆναι δὲ καὶ τοῦτο ἐλέγετο· ἐκ τούτου τοῦ λόφου καταβᾶσιν---ᾠκοδόμηται γὰρ ἐπὶ λόφῳ τὸ ἱερὸν---βωμός ἐστιν ἀνέμων, ἐφʼ οὗ τοῖς ἀνέμοις ὁ ἱερεὺς μιᾷ νυκτὶ ἀνὰ πᾶν ἔτος θύει. δρᾷ δὲ καὶ ἄλλα ἀπόρρητα ἐς βόθρους τέσσαρας, ἡμερούμενος τῶν πνευμάτων τὸ ἄγριον, καὶ δὴ καὶ Μηδείας ὡς λέγουσιν ἐπῳδὰς ἐπᾴδει.

Proper Nouns:

Κορωνίς Μήδεια Τιτάνη Ἀθηνᾶ

In Titane there is also a sanctuary of Athena, into which they bring Koronis. Within it stands an ancient wooden statue of Athena, which is said to have been struck by lightning. Descending from this hill (for the sanctuary is built on a hill), there is an altar dedicated to the Winds, on which every year, during one night, the priest sacrifices to the Winds. He also performs other secret rites at four pits, taming the wildness of the winds' spirits; indeed, it is said he recites even the incantations of Medea.

Passage 2.12.2 Class: Non-skeptical

ἐκ δὲ Τιτάνης ἐς Σικυῶνα ἀφικομένοις καὶ καταβαίνουσιν ἐς θάλασσαν ἐν ἀριστερᾷ τῆς ὁδοῦ ναός ἐστιν Ἥρας οὐκ ἔχων ἔτι οὔτε ἄγαλμα οὔτε ὄροφον· τὸν δὲ ἀναθέντα Προῖτον εἶναι τὸν Ἄβαντός φασι. καταβᾶσι δὲ ἐς τὸν Σικυωνίων καλούμενον λιμένα καὶ τραπεῖσιν ἐπʼ Ἀριστοναύτας τὸ ἐπίνειον τὸ Πελληνέων, ἔστιν ὀλίγον ὑπὲρ τὴν ὁδὸν ἐν ἀριστερᾷ Ποσειδῶνος ἱερόν· προελθοῦσι δὲ κατὰ τὴν λεωφόρον Ἑλισσών τε καλούμενος ποταμὸς καὶ μετʼ αὐτὸν Σύθας ἐστίν, ἐκδιδόντες ἐς θάλασσαν.

Proper Nouns:

Πελλήνη Ποσειδῶν Προῖτος Σικυών Σικυώνιοι Σύθας Τιτάνη Ἀργοναῦται Ἄβας Ἑλισσών Ἥρα

On the road from Titane to Sicyon, as one heads downhill towards the sea, there is, on the left side of the way, a temple of Hera, now lacking both its statue and its roof. The dedicant of this temple is said to have been Proetus, the son of Abas. When one has descended to the harbor of the Sicyonians, as it is called, and turned towards Aristonautae, the harbor of the Pellenians, there stands a shrine of Poseidon a little above the road, on the left. Continuing further along the main road, one comes to a river called the Elisson, followed by another called the Sythas, both of which flow into the sea.

Passage 2.12.3 Class: Skeptical

ἡ δὲ Φλιασία τῆς Σικυωνίων ἐστὶν ὅμορος· καὶ Τιτάνης μὲν τεσσαράκοντα σταδίους ἀπέχει μάλιστα ἡ πόλις, ἐκ Σικυῶνος δὲ ἐς αὐτὴν ὁδός ἐστιν εὐθεῖα. καὶ ὅτι μὲν Ἀρκάσι Φλιάσιοι προσήκουσιν οὐδέν, δηλοῖ τὰ ἐς τὸν Ἀρκάδων κατάλογον τῆς Ὁμήρου ποιήσεως, ὅτι οὐκ εἰσὶν Ἀρκάσι καὶ οὗτοι συγκατειλεγμένοι· ὡς δὲ Ἀργεῖοί τε ἦσαν ἐξ ἀρχῆς καὶ ὕστερον Δωριεῖς γεγόνασιν Ἡρακλειδῶν κατελθόντων ἐς Πελοπόννησον, φανεῖται προϊόντι ὁμοῦ τῷ λόγῳ. διάφορα δὲ ἐς τοὺς Φλιασίους τὰ πολλὰ εἰδὼς εἰρημένα, τοῖς μάλιστα αὐτῶν ὡμολογημένοις χρήσομαι.

Proper Nouns:

Δωριεύς Πελοπόννησος Σικυών Σικυών Τιτάνη Φλιάσιος Φλιάσιος Φλιασία Ἀργεῖος Ἀρκάς Ἀρκάς Ἡρακλεής Ὅμηρος

The territory of Phlious borders on that of the Sicyonians. The city of Titane is situated about forty stades away, and the road from Sicyon to Titane is a direct one. That the Phliasians bear no kinship to the Arcadians is clearly shown by the Catalogue of Arcadians in Homer's poetry, in which they are not included with the Arcadians. That originally they were Argives, and afterwards became Dorians when the Heracleidae descended into the Peloponnese, will become clear as my account proceeds. Since I have found many differing statements concerning the Phliasians, I shall chiefly rely on those facts upon which they themselves most agree.

Passage 2.12.4 Class: Non-skeptical

ἐν τῇ γῇ ταύτῃ γενέσθαι πρῶτον Ἄραντά φασιν ἄνδρα αὐτόχθονα· καὶ πόλιν τε ᾤκισε περὶ τὸν βουνὸν τοῦτον, ὃς Ἀραντῖνος ἔτι καλεῖται καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς, οὐ πολὺ ἑτέρου λόφου διεστηκώς, ἐφʼ οὗ Φλιασίοις ἥ τε ἀκρόπολις καὶ τῆς Ἥβης ἐστὶ τὸ ἱερόν. ἐνταῦθά τε δὴ πόλιν ᾤκισε καὶ ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ τὸ ἀρχαῖον ἡ γῆ καὶ ἡ πόλις Ἀραντία ἐκλήθησαν. τούτῳ βασιλεύοντι Ἀσωπὸς Κηλούσης εἶναι λεγόμενος καὶ Ποσειδῶνος ἐξεῦρε τοῦ ποταμοῦ τὸ ὕδωρ, ὅντινα οἱ νῦν ἀπὸ τοῦ εὑρόντος καλοῦσιν Ἀσωπόν. τὸ δὲ μνῆμα τοῦ Ἄραντός ἐστιν ἐν χωρίῳ Κελεαῖς, ἔνθα δὴ καὶ Δυσαύλην ἄνδρα Ἐλευσίνιον τεθάφθαι λέγουσιν.

Proper Nouns:

Δυσαύλης Κελεαί Κηλοῦσα Ποσειδῶν Φλιάσιοι Ἀραντία Ἀραντῖνος Ἀσωπός Ἀσωπός Ἄραντας Ἐλευσίνιος Ἥβη

In this land, they say, there first appeared Aras, an autochthonous man. He founded a city around this hill, which even now is called Arantinus, not far distant from another hill, upon which stands the Phliasian acropolis and the sanctuary of Hebe. Here indeed he founded a city, and consequently the land and city were originally named Arantia after him. In his reign, Asopus—said to be the son of Celusa and Poseidon—discovered the water of the river, and from its discoverer the river is now called Asopus. The tomb of Aras is located at a place called Celeae, where they also report that Dysaules, a man from Eleusis, is buried.

Passage 2.12.5 Class: Non-skeptical

Ἄραντος δὲ υἱὸς Ἄορις καὶ θυγάτηρ ἐγένετο Ἀραιθυρέα. τούτους φασὶ Φλιάσιοι θηρᾶσαί τε ἐμπείρους γενέσθαι καὶ τὰ ἐς πόλεμον ἀνδρείους. προαποθανούσης δὲ Ἀραιθυρέας Ἄορις ἐς μνήμην τῆς ἀδελφῆς μετωνόμασεν Ἀραιθυρέαν τὴν χώραν· καὶ ἐπὶ τῷδε Ὅμηρος τοὺς Ἀγαμέμνονος ὑπηκόους καταλέγων τὸ ἔπος ἐποίησεν Ὀρνειάς τʼ ἐνέμοντο Ἀραιθυρέην τʼ ἐρατεινήν. Hom. Il. 2.571 τάφους δὲ τῶν Ἄραντος παίδων οὐχ ἑτέρωθι ἡγοῦμαι τῆς χώρας, ἐπὶ τῷ λόφῳ δὲ εἶναι τῷ Ἀραντίνῳ· καί σφισιν ἐπίθημα στῆλαι περιφανεῖς εἰσι, καὶ πρὸ τῆς τελετῆς ἣν τῇ Δήμητρι ἄγουσιν Ἄραντα καὶ τοὺς παῖδας καλοῦσιν ἐπὶ τὰς σπονδὰς ἐς ταῦτα βλέποντες τὰ μνήματα.

Proper Nouns:

Δήμητρα Φλιάσιοι Ἀγαμέμνων Ἀραιθυρέα Ἀραιθυρέα Ἀραιθυρέα Ἀραιθυρέα Ἀραντῖνος λόφος Ἄορις Ἄορις Ἄραντος Ἄραντος Ἄραντος παῖδες Ὀρνεαί Ὅμηρος

Aras had a son named Aoris and a daughter named Araithyrea. The Phliasians say these children became skilled hunters and courageous in warfare. When Araithyrea died before her brother, Aoris renamed the land Araithyrea in memory of his sister. It was due to this that Homer, listing the subjects of Agamemnon, composed the verse, "They inhabited Orneae and lovely Araithyrea." (Hom. Il. 2.571). The tombs of the children of Aras, I think, are not situated elsewhere in the country, but on the hill called Arantinus. Conspicuous gravestones stand there as monuments upon them, and before performing the initiatory rite that they celebrate in honor of Demeter, they summon Aras and his children during the libations while gazing upon these memorials.

Passage 2.12.6 Class: Skeptical

Φλίαντα δέ, ὃς τρίτον τοῦτο ἐποίησεν ὄνομα ἀφʼ αὑτοῦ τῇ γῇ, Κείσου μὲν παῖδα εἶναι τοῦ Τημένου κατὰ δὴ τὸν Ἀργείων λόγον οὐδὲ ἀρχὴν ἔγωγε προσίεμαι, Διονύσου δὲ οἶδα καλούμενον καὶ τῶν πλευσάντων ἐπὶ τῆς Ἀργοῦς καὶ τοῦτον γενέσθαι λεγόμενον. ὁμολογεῖ δέ μοι καὶ τοῦ Ῥοδίου ποιητοῦ τὰ ἔπη· Φλίας αὖτʼ ἐπὶ τοῖσιν Ἀραιθυρέηθεν ἵκανεν, ἔνθʼ ἀφνειὸς ἔναιε Διωνύσοιο ἕκητι πατρὸς ἑοῦ, πηγῇσιν ἐφέστιος Ἀσωποῖο. Apollonius Rhodius Argonautica 1.115-117 τοῦ δὲ Φλίαντος Ἀραιθυρέαν εἶναι μητέρα, ἀλλʼ οὐ Χθονοφύλην· Χθονοφύλην δέ οἱ συνοικῆσαι καὶ Ἀνδροδάμαν γενέσθαι Φλίαντι ἐξ αὐτῆς.

Proper Nouns:

Διόνυσος Διόνυσος Κεῖσος Τήμενος Φλίας Φλίας Φλίας Φλίας Χθονοφύλη Ἀνδροδάμας Ἀραιθύρεια Ἀραιθύρεια Ἀργεῖοι Ἀργώ Ἀσωπός Ῥόδιος

As for Phlias, who thirdly gave his own name to this land, I, for my part, do not in the first place accept at all the Argive account that he was the son of Ceisus son of Temenus; rather, I know that he was called a son of Dionysus and was himself counted among those who sailed on the Argo. In agreement with me are the verses of the poet of Rhodes: “Next came Phlias from Araethyrea, where he dwelt in wealth by the grace of his father Dionysus, beside the springs of Asopus.” The mother of Phlias, according to Apollonius Rhodius (Argonautica 1.115–117), was Araethyrea and not Chthonophyle; but Chthonophyle was his wife and bore him a son, Androdamas.

Legend:

Chapter 2.12