Pausanias Analysis

Passage 6.9.1 Class: Skeptical

Θεογνήτῳ δὲ Αἰγινήτῃ πάλης μὲν στέφανον λαβεῖν ὑπῆρξεν ἐν παισί, τὸν δὲ ἀνδριάντα οἱ Πτόλιχος ἐποίησεν Αἰγινήτης. διδάσκαλοι δὲ ἐγεγόνεσαν Πτολίχῳ μὲν Συννοῶν ὁ πατήρ, ἐκείνῳ δὲ Ἀριστοκλῆς Σικυώνιος, ἀδελφός τε Κανάχου καὶ οὐ πολὺ τὰ ἐς δόξαν ἐλασσούμενος. ἐφʼ ὅτῳ δὲ ὁ Θεόγνητος πίτυος τῆς γʼ ἡμέρου καὶ ῥοιᾶς φέρει καρπόν, ἐμοὶ μὲν οὐχ οἷά τε ἦν συμβαλέσθαι, τάχα δʼ ἂν Αἰγινήταις τισὶν ἐπιχώριος ἐς αὐτὰ ἂν εἴη λόγος.

Proper Nouns:

Αἰγινήτης Αἰγινήτης Αἰγινήτης Θεόγνητος Κάναχος Πτόλιχος Πτόλιχος Σικυώνιος Συννοῶν Ἀριστοκλῆς

Theognetus of Aegina won the crown for wrestling among boys, and his statue was made by Ptolichus the Aeginetan. The teacher of Ptolichus had been his father Synnoon, and Synnoon's teacher was Aristocles of Sicyon, a brother of Canachus and not much inferior to him in reputation. But why the statue of Theognetus holds the fruit of a cultivated pine and a pomegranate, I was unable to conjecture; perhaps for certain Aeginetans some local story relates to this matter.

Passage 6.9.2 Class: Non-skeptical

μετὰ δὲ τὴν εἰκόνα τοῦ ἀνδρὸς ὃν Ἠλεῖοί φασιν οὐ γραφῆναι μετὰ τῶν ἄλλων, ὅτι ἐπὶ κάλπης ἀνηγορεύθη δρόμῳ, μετὰ τούτου τὴν εἰκόνα Ξενοκλῆς τε Μαινάλιος ἕστηκε παλαιστὰς καταβαλὼν παῖδας καὶ Ἄλκετος Ἀλκίνου κρατήσας πυγμῇ παῖδας, Ἀρκὰς καὶ οὗτος ἐκ Κλείτορος· καὶ τοῦ μὲν Κλέων , Ξενοκλέους δὲ τὸν ἀνδριάντα Πολύκλειτός ἐστιν εἰργασμένος.

Proper Nouns:

Κλέων Κλείτωρ Μαινάλιος Ξενοκλῆς Ξενοκλῆς Πολύκλειτος Ἀρκάς Ἄλκετος Ἄλκινός Ἠλεῖος

Next to the statue of the man whom the Eleans claim was not recorded alongside the others because he was proclaimed as victor in the foot-race by drawing lots after a tied result, stands the image of Xenokles of Mainalos, who defeated his competitors in boys' wrestling; beside him is Alketos, son of Alkinous, of Kleitor, who gained victory in boys' boxing. Alketos' statue was made by Kleon, while that of Xenokles was executed by Polykleitos.

Passage 6.9.3 Class: Skeptical

Ἀριστεὺς δὲ Ἀργεῖος δολίχου μὲν νίκην ἔσχεν αὐτός, πάλης δὲ ὁ πατὴρ τοῦ Ἀριστέως Χείμων· ἑστήκασι μὲν δὴ ἐγγὺς ἀλλήλων, ἐποίησε δὲ τὸν μὲν Παντίας Χῖος παρὰ τῷ πατρὶ δεδιδαγμένος Σωστράτῳ, αἱ δὲ εἰκόνες τοῦ Χείμωνος ἔργον ἐστὶν ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν τῶν δοκιμωτάτων Ναυκύδους , ἥ τε ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ καὶ ἡ ἐς τὸ ἱερὸν τῆς Εἰρήνης τὸ ἐν Ῥώμῃ κομισθεῖσα ἐξ Ἄργους. λέγεται δὲ ὡς Ταυροσθένην καταπαλαίσειεν ὁ Χείμων τὸν Αἰγινήτην καὶ ὡς Ταυροσθένης τῇ Ὀλυμπιάδι τῇ ἐφεξῆς καταβάλοι τοὺς ἐσελθόντας ἐς τὴν πάλην καὶ ὡς ἐοικὸς Ταυροσθένει φάσμα ἐπʼ ἐκείνης τῆς ἡμέρας ἐν Αἰγίνῃ φανὲν ἀπαγγείλειε τὴν νίκην.

Proper Nouns:

Αἰγινήτης Αἴγινα Εἰρήνη Ναυκύδης Παντίας Σώστρατος Ταυροσθένης Ταυροσθένης Ταυροσθένης Χείμων Χείμων Χῖος Ἀργεῖος Ἀριστεὺς Ἄργος Ὀλυμπία Ὀλυμπιάς Ῥώμη

Aristeus, an Argive, himself gained the victory in the dolichos, while his father, Cheimon, was victorious in wrestling. Their statues stand near one another. The statue of Aristeus was made by Pantias of Chios, who had learned his craft from his father Sostratos, while the statues of Cheimon are, in my opinion, among the best works of Naukydes—both the one at Olympia and the one brought from Argos to Rome, placed in the sanctuary of Peace. It is said that Cheimon defeated Taurosthenes of Aegina in wrestling, and that at the following Olympiad Taurosthenes overcame all who entered the wrestling competition. It is also told that on that same day a phantom resembling Taurosthenes appeared in Aegina and announced his victory.

Passage 6.9.4 Class: Skeptical

Φίλλην δὲ Ἠλεῖον κρατήσαντα παῖδας πάλῃ Σπαρτιάτης Κρατῖνος ἐποίησε. τὰ δὲ ἐς τὸ ἅρμα τὸ Γέλωνος οὐ κατὰ ταὐτὰ δοξάζειν ἐμοί τε παρίστατο καὶ τοῖς πρότερον ἢ ἐγὼ τὰ ἐς αὐτὸ εἰρηκόσιν, οἳ Γέλωνος τοῦ ἐν Σικελίᾳ τυραννήσαντός φασιν ἀνάθημα εἶναι τὸ ἅρμα. ἐπίγραμμα μὲν δή ἐστιν αὐτῷ Γέλωνα Δεινομένους ἀναθεῖναι Γελῷον, καὶ ὁ χρόνος τούτῳ τῷ Γέλωνί ἐστι τῆς νίκης τρίτη πρὸς τὰς ἑβδομήκοντα Ὀλυμπιάδας·

Proper Nouns:

Γέλας Γέλων Γέλων Δεινομένης Κρατῖνος Σικελία Σπαρτιάτης Φίλλης Ἠλεῖος Ὀλυμπιάς

The statue of Phillis, the Elean who defeated boys in wrestling, was made by the Spartan Cratinus. Regarding Gelon's chariot, my own view differs from that of earlier writers who have mentioned this matter before me. These earlier authors claim the chariot was a dedication by Gelon, who ruled as tyrant in Sicily. Indeed, the epigram upon it declares explicitly that Gelon, son of Deinomenes, a native of Gela, dedicated it. The date for this Gelon's victory corresponds with the seventy-third Olympiad.

Passage 6.9.5 Class: Skeptical

Γέλων δὲ ὁ Σικελίας τυραννήσας Συρακούσας ἔσχεν Ὑβριλίδου μὲν Ἀθήνῃσιν ἄρχοντος, δευτέρῳ δὲ ἔτει τῆς δευτέρας καὶ ἑβδομηκοστῆς Ὀλυμπιάδος, ἣν Τισικράτης ἐνίκα Κροτωνιάτης στάδιον. δῆλα οὖν ὡς Συρακούσιον ἤδη καὶ οὐ Γελῷον ἀναγορεύειν αὑτὸν ἔμελλεν· ἀλλὰ γὰρ ἰδιώτης εἴη ἄν τις ὁ Γέλων οὗτος, πατρός τε ὁμωνύμου τῷ τυράννῳ καὶ αὐτὸς ὁμώνυμος. Γλαυκίας δὲ Αἰγινήτης τό τε ἅρμα καὶ αὐτῷ τῷ Γέλωνι ἐποίησε τὴν εἰκόνα.

Proper Nouns:

Αἰγινήτης Γέλων Γέλων Γελῷος Γλαυκίας Κροτωνιάτης Σικελία Συρακούσιος Συρακοῦσαι Τισικράτης Ἀθῆναι Ὀλυμπιάς Ὑβρίλιδος

Gelo, who became tyrant over Sicily, ruled Syracuse when Hybrilides was archon in Athens, in the second year of the seventy-second Olympiad, when Tisicrates of Croton won the stadion. Clearly, therefore, he was already about to proclaim himself of Syracuse rather than of Gela. Yet indeed, this Gelo might have been a private citizen, having the same name as the tyrant and the same patronymic as his father. Glaukias of Aegina made both the chariot and the statue of Gelo himself.

Passage 6.9.6 Class: Non-skeptical

τῇ δὲ Ὀλυμπιάδι τῇ πρὸ ταύτης Κλεομήδην φασὶν Ἀστυπαλαιέα ὡς Ἴκκῳ πυκτεύων ἀνδρὶ Ἐπιδαυρίῳ τὸν Ἴκκον ἀποκτείνειεν ἐν τῇ μάχῃ, καταγνωσθεὶς δὲ ὑπὸ τῶν Ἑλλανοδικῶν ἄδικα εἰργάσθαι καὶ ἀφῃρημένος τὴν νίκην ἔκφρων ἐγένετο ὑπὸ τῆς λύπης καὶ ἀνέστρεψε μὲν ἐς Ἀστυπάλαιαν, διδασκαλείῳ δʼ ἐπιστὰς ἐνταῦθα ὅσον ἑξήκοντα ἀριθμὸν παίδων ἀνατρέπει τὸν κίονα ὃς τὸν ὄροφον ἀνεῖχεν.

Proper Nouns:

Κλεομήδης Ἀστυπάλαια Ἀστυπάλαια Ἐπίδαυρος Ἑλλανοδίκαι Ἴκκος Ἴκκος Ὀλυμπιάς

In the Olympiad preceding this, they say Kleomedes of Astypalaia, boxing against Ikkos, a man from Epidauros, killed Ikkos in the match. After the judges declared his actions illegal and stripped him of his victory, Kleomedes, driven mad by grief, returned to Astypalaia. There, entering a school, he overturned the pillar supporting the ceiling, crushing about sixty children.

Passage 6.9.7 Class: Non-skeptical

ἐμπεσόντος δὲ τοῦ ὀρόφου τοῖς παισί, καταλιθούμενος ὑπὸ τῶν ἀστῶν κατέφυγεν ἐς Ἀθηνᾶς ἱερόν· ἐσβάντος δὲ ἐς κιβωτὸν κειμένην ἐν τῷ ἱερῷ καὶ ἐφελκυσαμένου τὸ ἐπίθημα, κάματον ἐς ἀνωφελὲς οἱ Ἀστυπαλαιεῖς ἔκαμνον ἀνοίγειν τὴν κιβωτὸν πειρώμενοι· τέλος δὲ τὰ ξύλα τῆς κιβωτοῦ καταρρήξαντες, ὡς οὔτε ζῶντα Κλεομήδην οὔτε τεθνεῶτα εὕρισκον, ἀποστέλλουσιν ἄνδρας ἐς Δελφοὺς ἐρησομένους ὁποῖα ἐς Κλεομήδην τὰ συμβάντα ἦν.

Proper Nouns:

Δελφοί Κλεομήδης Ἀθηνᾶ Ἀστυπάλαῖα

But when the roof collapsed upon the children, he was stoned by the citizens and took refuge in the sanctuary of Athena. Entering a chest lying in the temple and pulling down the lid upon himself, the people of Astypalaea wearied themselves in vain attempting to open the chest; finally, after breaking apart the wood of the chest, when they found neither the living nor the dead body of Cleomedes, they sent men to Delphi to ask the oracle about the fate of Cleomedes.

Passage 6.9.8 Class: Non-skeptical

τούτοις χρῆσαι τὴν Πυθίαν φασίν· ὕστατος ἡρώων Κλεομήδης Ἀστυπαλαιεύς, ὃν θυσίαις τιμᾶ θʼ ἅ τε μηκέτι θνητὸν ἐόντα. Κλεομήδει μὲν οὖν Ἀστυπαλαιεῖς ἀπὸ τούτου τιμὰς ὡς ἥρωι νέμουσι·

Proper Nouns:

Κλεομήδης Πυθία Ἀστυπαλαιεύς Ἀστυπαλαιεῖς

They say that the Pythia gave them this oracle: "Last of heroes is Kleomedes of Astypalaia, whom honor with sacrifices as one no longer mortal." From that time onward, therefore, the people of Astypalaia have given Kleomedes the honors due to a hero.

Passage 6.9.9 Class: Non-skeptical

παρὰ δὲ τοῦ Γέλωνος τὸ ἅρμα ἀνάκειται Φίλων, τέχνη τοῦ Αἰγινήτου Γλαυκίου . τούτῳ τῷ Φίλωνι Σιμωνίδης ὁ Λεωπρέπους ἐλεγεῖον δεξιώτατον ἐποίησε· πατρὶς μὲν Κόρκυρα, Φίλων δʼ ὄνομʼ· εἰμὶ δὲ Γλαύκου υἱὸς καὶ νικῶ πὺξ δύʼ Ὀλυμπιάδας. ἀνάκειται καὶ Μαντινεὺς Ἀγαμήτωρ, κρατήσας πυγμῇ παῖδας.

Proper Nouns:

Αἰγινήτης Γέλων Γλαύκιος Γλαῦκος Κόρκυρα Λεωπρέπης Μαντινεύς Σιμωνίδης Φίλων Ἀγαμήτωρ Ὀλυμπιάς

Beside the chariot of Gelon stands the dedication of Philon, a work of art by Glaukias of Aegina. For this Philon, Simonides, son of Leoprepes, composed a most graceful elegiac couplet: "My homeland is Corcyra, Philon my name. I am the son of Glaukos, and I won victories twice in boxing at Olympia." Also dedicated here is Agametor of Mantinea, who prevailed in boxing among the boys.

Legend:

Chapter 6.9