Pausanias Analysis

Passage 8.13.1

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Passage 8.13.1: Sanctuary of Artemis Hymnia at Orchomenos with lifelong, austere male and female priests

Historical Non-skeptical

Greek Text

ἐν δὲ τῇ χώρᾳ τῇ Ὀρχομενίων, ἐν ἀριστερᾷ τῆς ὁδοῦ τῆς ἀπὸ Ἀγχισιῶν, ἐν ὑπτίῳ τοῦ ὄρους τὸ ἱερόν ἐστι τῆς Ὑμνίας Ἀρτέμιδος· μέτεστι δὲ αὐτοῦ καὶ Μαντινεῦσι καὶ ἱέρειαν καὶ ἄνδρα ἱερέα. τούτοις οὐ μόνον τὰ ἐς τὰς μίξεις ἀλλὰ καὶ ἐς τὰ ἄλλα ἁγιστεύειν καθέστηκε τὸν χρόνον τοῦ βίου πάντα, καὶ οὔτε λουτρὰ οὔτε δίαιτα λοιπὴ κατὰ τὰ αὐτά σφισι καθὰ καὶ τοῖς πολλοῖς ἐστιν, οὐδὲ ἐς οἰκίαν παρίασιν ἀνδρὸς ἰδιώτου. τοιαῦτα οἶδα ἕτερα ἐνιαυτὸν καὶ οὐ πρόσω Ἐφεσίων ἐπιτηδεύοντας τοὺς τῇ Ἀρτέμιδι ἱστιάτορας τῇ Ἐφεσίᾳ γινομένους, καλουμένους δὲ ὑπὸ τῶν πολιτῶν Ἐσσῆνας. τῇ δὲ Ἀρτέμιδι τῇ Ὑμνίᾳ καὶ ἑορτὴν ἄγουσιν ἐπέτειον.

English Translation

In the territory of the Orchomenians, on the left side of the road from Anchisiae, on the slope of the mountain, stands the sanctuary of Artemis Hymnia. Both Orchomenians and Mantineans share it, and it has a priestess as well as a male priest. Throughout their entire lives these two are not only bound to strict rules concerning sexual relations but also follow holiness in other regards; neither their bathing nor their other ways of life are the same as those of other people, nor may they enter the house of a common individual. I know of similar practices lasting for a year, though no longer, among those Ephesians who become priests dedicated to Artemis of Ephesus, whom their fellow citizens term "Essenes." To Artemis Hymnia is also held an annual festival.

Proper Nouns

Artemis (Ἀρτέμις) deity
Artemis Hymnia (Ἀρτέμις Ὑμνία) deity
Ephesian (Ἐφεσία) deity
Essēnes (Ἐσσῆνες) other
Mantineia (Μαντίνεια) place Q1160195
Anchisiae (Ἀγχισίαι) place
Also in: 8.12.9
Ephesus (Ἔφεσος) place Q47611
Orchomenus (Ὀρχομενός) place Q13574822
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