Sentences where the two classifiers disagree
| Passage | Sentence | Original | Greta-inspired | Greek | English | Greta-inspired rationale |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 9.1.5 | 4 | historical | other | ἀλλὰ--- ἠπίσταντο γὰρ τοὺς Θηβαίους ὡς πανδημεὶ καὶ ἅμα ἐπὶ πλεῖστον εἰώθεσαν βουλεύεσθαι---παρεφύλασσον τὰς ἐκκλησίας αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐν τῷ τοσούτῳ καθʼ ἡσυχίαν ἐφεώρων τὰ ἑαυτῶν καὶ οἱ ἔσχατοι γεωργοῦντες. | Moreover—for they knew that the Thebans usually deliberated altogether and at length—they would watch carefully the times when the Thebans met in their assemblies, and in those intervals, even those farming the furthest land tended their fields in peace. | This is a procedural/political observation about Theban assemblies and farming routines, not a narrated historical event or mythic story. |
| 9.2.1 | 3 | mythic | other | πάλαι δὲ ἐκ τοῦ φρέατος κατὰ τὸν Βοιωτῶν λόγον ἐμαντεύοντο πίνοντες. | In ancient times, according to the Boeotian account, those who drank from this well practiced divination. | This is a procedural/cultic note about divination from a well, not a narrated mythic deed or a post-500 BC historical event. |
| 9.2.2 | 1 | historical | other | ἐπανελθοῦσι δὲ ἐς τὴν λεωφόρον ἐστὶν αὖθις ἐν δεξιᾷ Μαρδονίου λεγόμενον μνῆμα εἶναι. | When one returns to the main road, there is again on the right hand side a tomb said to be that of Mardonius. | A bare notice of a tomb's location and identification; it does not itself narrate Mardonius' deeds or any historical event. |
| 9.2.7 | 1 | historical | other | ἐν αὐτῇ δὲ τῇ πόλει προϊοῦσιν ἀπὸ τοῦ βωμοῦ καὶ τοῦ ἀγάλματος ἃ τῷ Διὶ πεποίηται τῷ Ἐλευθερίῳ, Πλαταίας ἐστὶν ἡρῷον· | Within the city itself, as you proceed onward from the altar and the statue dedicated to Zeus Eleutherios, there is a heroic shrine of Plataea. | A route/location notice identifying a heroic shrine; it does not narrate a myth or historical event. |
| 9.2.7 | 6 | mythic | other | ἐνταῦθα καὶ ἄλλο Ἥρας ἄγαλμα καθήμενον Καλλίμαχος ἐποίησε· Νυμφευομένην δὲ τὴν θεὸν ἐπὶ λόγῳ τοιῷδε ὀνομάζουσιν. | Another statue of Hera here is seated and was made by Callimachus; this goddess they call the "Bride," naming her thus due to the following story. | The sentence only locates a statue and notes its name; it does not itself narrate the naming story or any mythic/historical event. |
| 9.3.2 | 3 | other | mythic | ἐπὶ ταύταις ταῖς διαλλαγαῖς Δαίδαλα ἑορτὴν ἄγουσιν, ὅτι οἱ πάλαι τὰ ξόανα ἐκάλουν δαίδαλα· | In honor of this reconciliation they hold a festival, called the Daedala, because in ancient times wooden statues were called "daedala." | Explains the festival's name by an ancient naming etiology involving wooden statues; this is mythic/etiological content, not historical. |
| 9.3.2 | 4 | other | mythic | ἐκάλουν δὲ ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν πρότερον ἔτι ἢ Δαίδαλος ὁ Παλαμάονος ἐγένετο Ἀθήνῃσι, τούτῳ δὲ ὕστερον ἀπὸ τῶν δαιδάλων ἐπίκλησιν γενέσθαι δοκῶ καὶ οὐκ ἐκ γενετῆς τεθῆναι τὸ ὄνομα. | And it is my belief that they were called this even before Daedalus, son of Palamaon, lived at Athens, and that afterwards this Daedalus received his surname from these "daedala," rather than it being his original birth name. | The sentence asserts a mythic genealogy/naming claim about Daedalus and the origin of his surname from the daedala. |
| 9.3.3 | 1 | other | mythic | Δαίδαλα οὖν ἄγουσιν οἱ Πλαταιεῖς ἑορτὴν διʼ ἔτους ἑβδόμου μέν, ὡς ἔφασκεν ὁ τῶν ἐπιχωρίων ἐξηγητής, ἀληθεῖ μέντοι λόγῳ διʼ ἐλάσσονος καὶ οὐ τοσούτου χρόνου· | The Plataeans celebrate the Daedala festival every seventh year, according to the account of the local guide; but in truth the interval is shorter and not as long as that. | The sentence asserts the Plataeans celebrate the Daedala festival and gives its periodicity; this is a cult/festival fact with mythic etiology implied by the named festival, but no post-500 BC historical event or person. |
| 9.3.4 | 5 | mythic | other | ἐφʼ οὗ δʼ ἂν καθεσθῇ, τεμόντες ποιοῦσιν ἀπὸ τούτου τὸ δαίδαλον· | Having noted this, they cut down that very tree to fashion from it the image. | This is a procedural/action sentence about cutting a tree and making an image; it does not itself narrate mythic or historical content. |
| 9.3.5 | 1 | mythic | other | ταύτην μὲν ἰδίᾳ οἱ Πλαταιεῖς ἑορτὴν ἄγουσι, Δαίδαλα μικρὰ ὀνομάζοντες· Δαιδάλων δὲ ἑορτὴν τῶν μεγάλων καὶ Βοιωτοί σφισι συνεορτάζουσι, διʼ ἑξηκοστοῦ δὲ ἄγουσιν ἔτους· | This festival the Plataeans celebrate by themselves, calling it the Little Daedala; but the Greater Daedala the Boeotians join them in celebrating, holding it at intervals of sixty years. | Describes the celebration and timing of a festival, which is ritual/institutional information rather than a mythic narrative or historical event. |
| 9.3.6 | 1 | other | historical | ταῦτα ἀναιροῦνται κλήρῳ Πλαταιεῖς Κορωναῖοι Θεσπιεῖς Ταναγραῖοι Χαιρωνεῖς Ὀρχομένιοι Λεβαδεῖς Θηβαῖοι· | These positions are assigned by lot among the Plataeans, the Coronaians, Thespians, Tanagraeans, Chaeroneans, Orchomenians, Lebadeians and Thebans. | Describes a civic/historical procedure of assigning positions by lot among named communities; no mythic content. |
| 9.3.8 | 3 | mythic | other | σὺν δέ σφισι καὶ αὐτὸν τὸν βωμὸν ἐπιλαβὸν τὸ πῦρ ἐξανήλωσε· | Along with these, the flame also seizes upon and consumes even the altar itself. | Physical description of the fire consuming the altar; no mythic or historical assertion in the sentence itself. |
| 9.3.9 | 1 | mythic | other | ὑπὸ δὲ τῆς κορυφῆς, ἐφʼ ᾗ τὸν βωμὸν ποιοῦνται, πέντε που μάλιστα καὶ δέκα ὑποκαταβάντι σταδίους νυμφῶν ἐστιν ἄντρον Κιθαιρωνίδων, Σφραγίδιον μὲν ὀνομαζόμενον, | Below the peak, upon which they have erected the altar, about fifteen stadia downward, there is a cave of the Cithaeronian Nymphs called Sphragidion. | This is a topographic notice locating a cave and naming it; it does not narrate a myth or historical event. |
| 9.4.1 | 5 | other | historical | Φειδίας δὲ καὶ Πλαταιεῦσιν ἦν ὁ τῆς Ἀθηνᾶς τὸ ἄγαλμα ποιήσας. | Pheidias also made for the Plataeans this statue of Athena. | Names a historical artisan, Pheidias, and reports his making of a statue; this is a historical dedication/production statement, not mythic narrative. |
| 9.4.2 | 3 | historical | other | κεῖται δὲ τοῦ ἀγάλματος πρὸς τοῖς ποσὶν εἰκὼν Ἀριμνήστου· | At the feet of the statue lies the image of Arimnestus. | A bare location notice about an image at the statue's feet; no mythic or historical event is asserted. |
| 9.5.1 | 2 | mythic | other | καὶ ἀπὸ τούτου τοῖς πολλοῖς τῶν ποιητῶν ἐπίκλησις ἐς τὰς Θήβας ἐστὶν Ὠγύγιαι. | Because of him, it has become customary for many poets to call Thebes "Ogygian." | This is a literary naming note about poets calling Thebes 'Ogygian,' not a narration of mythic action or historical event. |
| 9.5.2 | 2 | historical | other | αὐξηθείσης δὲ ὕστερον τῆς πόλεως, οὕτω τὴν Καδμείαν ἀκρόπολιν συνέβη τῶν κάτω γενέσθαι Θηβῶν. | Later, when the city had grown larger, Cadmeia became accordingly the citadel of Thebes, which lay below it. | Purely a topographic/historical-geographic note about the city's growth and Cadmeia's position as the citadel; no mythic or post-500 BCE historical event is asserted. |
| 9.5.4 | 4 | mythic | other | ἔμελλε δὲ ἄρα αὐτόν, ὥς οἱ παρίστατο ἡ τελευτή, παῖδα ἔτι ἀπολείψειν, καὶ ἐπιτρέπει τόν τε υἱὸν καὶ τὴν ἀρχὴν Νυκτεῖ. | When his death was at hand, since his son was still a child, he entrusted both the boy and the rule to Nycteus. | A biographical/political transfer of rule to Nycteus, but the sentence itself is just a historical-style succession notice without a datable post-500 BCE event. |
| 9.5.11 | 5 | mythic | both | δηλοῖ δὲ καὶ ὁ τὰ ἔπη ποιήσας ἃ Οἰδιπόδια ὀνομάζουσι· καὶ Ὀνασίας Πλαταιᾶσιν ἔγραψε κατηφῆ τὴν Εὐρυγάνειαν ἐπὶ τῇ μάχῃ τῶν παίδων. | This is also made clear by the poet who composed the verses called the Oedipodeia, and Onasias likewise portrayed Euryganeia at Plataea in grief over the battle of her sons. | Mentions the Oedipodeia and Euryganeia, a mythic figure and mythic subject; also refers to Onasias' painting at Plataea, a historical artist and dedication. |
| 9.5.12 | 3 | historical | other | κατελθὼν δὲ ἐς διαφορὰν προήχθη τῷ Ἐτεοκλεῖ, καὶ οὕτω τὸ δεύτερον ἔφυγε· | Upon his return, however, he became embroiled in a dispute with Eteocles, and thus fled a second time. | Reports a dispute and flight of a person, but gives no mythic deed or post-500 BCE historical event in itself. |
| 9.5.14 | 3 | historical | other | καί οἱ τὸ μνῆμα ἐς Καΐκου πεδίον ἐλαύνοντί ἐστιν ἐν Ἐλαίᾳ πόλει, λίθος ὁ ἐν τῷ ὑπαίθρῳ τῆς ἀγορᾶς· | His tomb stands within the city of Elaea, situated in the plain of the Caïcus; it is marked by a stone set openly in the marketplace. | Bare location/description of a tomb and its marker; no mythic or historical event is asserted in this sentence. |
| 9.5.15 | 1 | mythic | other | καὶ ἐναγίζειν οἱ ἐπιχώριοί φασιν αὐτῷ. | And the local inhabitants say that ritual offerings were made to him. | A ritual-offering notice is procedural/cultic reporting, not a mythic narrative or historical event. |
| 9.5.16 | 1 | mythic | historical | Αὐτεσίωνος δὲ ἀπελθόντος, οὕτω βασιλέα εἵλοντο Δαμασίχθονα Ὀφέλτου τοῦ Πηνέλεω. | After the departure of Autesion, they thus chose Damasichthon, son of Opheltes, son of Peneleus, as king. | Reports a political act of choosing a king and gives a dynastic genealogy; this is historical content rather than mythic narrative. |
| 9.5.16 | 2 | other | mythic | τούτου δὲ ἦν τοῦ Δαμασίχθονος Πτολεμαῖος, τοῦ δὲ Ξάνθος, | Ptolemaeus was the son of this Damasichthon, and Xanthus was the son of Ptolemaeus. | Genealogical statement about named figures in a mythic lineage; no post-500 BCE historical content. |
| 9.5.16 | 3 | historical | other | ὃν Ἀνδρόπομπος μονομαχήσαντά οἱ δόλῳ καὶ οὐ σὺν τῷ δικαίῳ κτείνει. | Andropompus killed this Xanthus, having fought against him in single combat, treacherously and not justly. | A violent killing by Andropompus is narrated, but no mythic heroism or post-500 BCE historical event/person is asserted. |
| 9.6.1 | 1 | historical | other | τῶν δέ σφισιν ἐν ἀγῶσι πολέμου γενομένων εὐτυχημάτων, καὶ ὡς ἑτέρως, τοσάδε φανερώτατα ὄντα εὕρισκον. | Among the successes occurring for them in contests of war, as well as events of the opposite kind, I find the following to have been most conspicuous: | Authorial transition introducing examples of successes and reverses; no specific mythic or historical event is asserted in this sentence. |
| 9.6.5 | 3 | historical | both | ποιήσασι δὲ ταῦτα προεσήμαινεν αὐτίκα ὁ θεὸς τὸν ἐπιόντα ὄλεθρον, καί σφισιν ἐν Δήμητρος ἱερῷ Θεσμοφόρου σημεῖα ἐγένετο ἐναντία ἢ πρὸ τοῦ ἔργου τοῦ ἐν Λεύκτροις· | But when they undertook this action, the god immediately foretold their approaching destruction; indeed, portents appeared to them in the sanctuary of Demeter Thesmophoros, opposite in meaning to those signs that had preceded their victory at Leuctra. | The sentence reports a god foretelling destruction and portents in a sanctuary, which is mythic/religious content, and it explicitly refers to the historical victory at Leuctra as the prior event. |
| 9.6.6 | 2 | historical | both | λέγεται δὲ καὶ Ἀθηναίοις ὗσαι τέφραν ὁ θεὸς ἐνιαυτῷ πρότερον πρὶν ἢ τὸν πόλεμον τὸν ἐπαχθέντα ὑπὸ Σύλλα τὰ μεγάλα σφίσιν ἐνεγκεῖν παθήματα. | It is also said that one year before the war inflicted by Sulla, which brought great suffering upon the Athenians, the god caused ashes to rain down upon them. | The sentence reports a divine portent (the god causing ashes to rain down) and dates it relative to Sulla's war, a historical event. |
| 9.8.4 | 3 | mythic | other | ἡλικίαν δὲ Προίτου καὶ τὸ ἀνωτέρω γένος χαλεπὰ ἦν εὑρεῖν. | But it proved difficult to discover the epoch of Proetus or the facts about his earlier lineage. | This is a meta-comment about difficulty of determining Proetus' date and ancestry, not an assertion of mythic or historical content itself. |
| 9.8.6 | 1 | other | mythic | τὰς δὲ Ὁμολωίδας κληθῆναί φασιν ἐπὶ τοιῷδε. | They say the Homoloïdae received their name in the following way. | This sentence introduces a naming legend ('received their name in the following way'), which is mythic/etiological content. |
| 9.9.1 | 2 | mythic | historical | ὁ μέν γε Ἐλευσινίων πρὸς Ἀθηναίους τοὺς ἄλλους, ὡσαύτως δὲ καὶ Θηβαίων πρὸς Μινύας, τήν τε ἔφοδον διʼ ὀλίγου τῶν ἐπιστρατευσαμένων καὶ ἐν μάχῃ παρέσχοντο μιᾷ τὴν κρίσιν, ἐς ὁμολογίας τε αὐτίκα ἐτράποντο καὶ σπονδάς· | For indeed, the war of the Eleusinians against the rest of the Athenians, and likewise that of the Thebans against the Minyans, involved only brief campaigning by the invading forces and was decided in a single battle; and immediately afterward they turned toward agreements and treaties. | Describes wars, battle, and treaties between named peoples; this is post-mythic historical/political content. |
| 9.9.2 | 1 | mythic | historical | ὁ δὲ Ἀργείων στρατὸς ἐς Βοιωτίαν τε μέσην ἀφίκετο ἐκ μέσης Πελοποννήσου καὶ ὁ Ἄδραστος ἐξ Ἀρκαδίας καὶ παρὰ Μεσσηνίων συμμαχικὰ ἤθροισεν, | The Argive army came into central Boeotia from the heart of the Peloponnese, and Adrastus gathered allies from Arcadia and from the Messenians. | Describes an army's movement and alliance gathering in a military context; this is historical/political content, not mythic narration. |
| 9.9.2 | 4 | historical | other | καὶ ὡς ἐτράποντο, καταφεύγουσιν ἐς τὸ τεῖχος· | when forced to flee, they sought refuge within the city walls. | Pure route/action narration: they flee into the city walls; no mythic or historical assertion. |
| 9.9.3 | 2 | historical | other | ἐγένετο δὲ καὶ αὐτοῖς τὸ ἔργον οὐκ ἄνευ κακῶν μεγάλων, | Yet the matter was not accomplished for them without enormous losses on their own side as well. | Reports losses in an event, but does not itself assert mythic or post-500 BCE historical content. |
| 9.10.2 | 3 | other | historical | ποιῆσαι δὲ αὐτὸν Φειδίας , τὴν δὲ Ἀθηνᾶν λέγεται Σκόπας · | They say Pheidias made the Hermes, and Scopas the Athena. | This sentence identifies historical artists Pheidias and Scopas as makers of statues; it is a historical attribution, not mythic narrative. |
| 9.10.3 | 2 | mythic | other | οὗτος μὲν πρὸ τῆς ἐσόδου κεῖται, καί οἱ τὸ ὄνομά ἐστι καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς ἔτι Μαντοῦς δίφρος· | It lies before the entrance, and even now is called the Seat of Manto. | A location note naming the Seat of Manto; it does not itself narrate a myth or historical event. |
| 9.10.3 | 3 | mythic | other | ἐν δεξιᾷ δὲ τοῦ ναοῦ λίθου πεποιημένας εἰκόνας Ἡνιόχης εἶναι, τὴν δὲ Πύρρας λέγουσι, | On the right side of the temple there are images made of stone: one is said to be Henioche, and the other Pyrrha. | This is only a locational/physical description of stone images on the right side of the temple; it does not itself assert a mythic deed or a historical event. |
| 9.10.4 | 1 | other | historical | τόδε γε καὶ ἐς ἐμὲ ἔτι γινόμενον οἶδα ἐν Θήβαις· τῷ Ἀπόλλωνι τῷ Ἰσμηνίῳ παῖδα οἴκου τε δοκίμου καὶ αὐτὸν εὖ μὲν εἴδους, εὖ δὲ ἔχοντα καὶ ῥώμης, ἱερέα ἐνιαύσιον ποιοῦσιν· | This custom, at least, I know still continues in my day at Thebes: they choose as annual priest of Apollo Ismenius a boy from a noble family, handsome and strong in body as well. | Describes a continuing civic/religious institution at Thebes (annual priest selection), which is historical/administrative rather than mythic. |
| 9.10.5 | 2 | mythic | other | πρὸς ταύτῃ τῇ κρήνῃ τάφος ἐστὶ Καάνθου· | Near this spring is the tomb of Caanthus. | This sentence only locates a tomb near a spring; it does not narrate Caanthus's story or any historical event. |
| 9.10.6 | 1 | mythic | other | Καάνθου μὲν ἐνταῦθά ἐστι μνῆμα, | Here is the tomb of Caanthus. | Bare notice locating a tomb; it does not narrate any mythic deed or historical event. |
| 9.11.1 | 2 | mythic | other | καὶ τῆς Ἀλκμήνης ἐστὶν ἔτι ὁ θάλαμος ἐν τοῖς ἐρειπίοις δῆλος. | The bedchamber of Alcmena is still discernible among these ruins. | Bare location/physical description of Alcmena's chamber among ruins; it does not narrate a mythic deed or historical event. |
| 9.11.4 | 3 | other | mythic | τὸ δὲ ξόανον τὸ ἀρχαῖον Θηβαῖοί τε εἶναι Δαιδάλου νενομίκασι καὶ αὐτῷ μοι παρίστατο ἔχειν οὕτω. | As for the ancient wooden image, the Thebans consider it to have been made by Daedalus, and it appeared thus to me as well. | Attributes the ancient image to Daedalus, a mythic figure; no post-500 BCE historical event or person is asserted. |
| 9.11.5 | 3 | mythic | other | καὶ νῦν ἔτι αὐτῷ χῶμα οὐ μέγα ἐπὶ ἄκρας ἐστὶν ἀνεχούσης ἐς τὸ Αἰγαῖον. | Even now a small mound for him remains on a headland projecting into the Aegean Sea. | Bare topographic notice that a mound remains on a headland; it does not itself narrate mythic or historical events. |
| 9.12.1 | 3 | mythic | other | καὶ ἀπʼ ἐκείνου ἐργάτας βοῦς θύειν νομίζουσι. | From that time forth, it has been their established custom to sacrifice work-oxen. | States a customary sacrificial practice only; no mythic story or historical event is narrated. |
| 9.12.3 | 2 | mythic | other | θαλάμων δὲ ἀποφαίνουσι τοῦ μὲν Ἁρμονίας ἐρείπια καὶ ὃν Σεμέλης φασὶν εἶναι, τοῦτον δὲ καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς ἔτι ἄβατον φυλάσσουσιν ἀνθρώποις. | They still point out among the ruins certain chambers, one said to have belonged to Harmonia, and another claimed to be Semele's, the latter continuing even to our day to be guarded and kept inaccessible to human beings. | This is a locating/identifying sentence about chambers said to belong to Harmonia and Semele; it does not itself narrate a myth or historical event. |
| 9.12.4 | 3 | other | historical | πλησίον δὲ Διονύσου ἄγαλμα, καὶ τοῦτο Ὀνασιμήδης ἐποίησε διʼ ὅλου πλῆρες ὑπὸ τοῦ χαλκοῦ· | Near it stands a statue of Dionysus created by Onasimedes, entirely composed of solid bronze; | This sentence identifies a statue and its maker Onasimedes, a historical dedicatory attribution; it does not narrate a myth or heroic deed. |
| 9.12.4 | 4 | other | historical | τὸν βωμὸν δὲ οἱ παῖδες εἰργάσαντο οἱ Πραξιτέλους. | the altar was made by the sons of Praxiteles. | A dedication/altar made by identifiable historical artisans is a historical assertion; no mythic narrative is stated. |
| 9.12.6 | 1 | historical | other | λέγεται δὲ ὡς καὶ τοῦ προσώπου τῷ σχήματι καὶ τῇ τοῦ παντὸς κινήσει σώματος περισσῶς δή τι ἔτερπε τὰ θέατρα· | It is said that by the expression of his face and the entire movement of his body he especially delighted the audience in the theater. | This is a physical description of performance and audience reaction, with no mythic or historical assertion. |
| 9.12.6 | 2 | other | historical | καί οἱ καὶ ᾆσμα πεποιημένον ἐστὶ ἐς προσόδιον ἐς Δῆλον τοῖς ἐπʼ Εὐρίπῳ Χαλκιδεῦσι. | Moreover, he composed a processional-song for the Chalcidians who dwell by the Euripus, to be sung at their procession to Delos. | This sentence reports a historical literary act: someone composed a processional song for the Chalcidians. It does not narrate mythic action; the Delos procession is a ritual/historical practice. |
| 9.13.1 | 2 | other | historical | διδάγματα δὲ αὐτοῖς τά τε ἐπιχώρια ἔμαθεν ἐς τὸ ἀκριβέστατον καὶ ὡς ἤδη μειράκιον ἦν ἐφοίτησεν ὡς Λῦσιν, ἄνδρα γένος μὲν Ταραντῖνον, ἐπιστάμενον δὲ τοὺς Πυθαγόρου τοῦ Σαμίου λόγους. | His education included meticulous mastery of the customary native subjects, and when he was already a youth he studied under Lysis, a man who was by birth from Tarentum and knowledgeable in the doctrines of Pythagoras of Samos. | This sentence gives a biographical/historical notice about a person's education and his teacher Lysis, including Lysis's origin and philosophical association; it does not narrate mythic action. |
| 9.13.4 | 2 | other | historical | τοῖς βασιλεῦσιν αὐτῶν ἐς τὰς ἐξόδους πρόβατα εἵπετο θεοῖς τε εἶναι θυσίας καὶ πρὸ τῶν ἀγώνων καλλιερεῖν· ταῖς δὲ ποίμναις ἡγεμόνες τῆς πορείας ἦσαν αἶγες, κατοιάδας οἱ ποιμένες ὀνομάζουσιν αὐτάς. | It was customary for their kings, whenever they set out on expeditions, to have sheep accompany them for sacrifices to the gods and divination before battles; yet in these flocks goats served as leaders on the march, which the shepherds call "katoiades." | Describes a customary practice of kings on expeditions and before battles, i.e. historical/institutional behavior; the sheep and goats are procedural details, not myth. |
| 9.13.5 | 2 | historical | both | Σκεδάσῳ γὰρ περὶ Λεῦκτρα οἰκοῦντι θυγατέρες Μολπία γίνεται καὶ Ἱππώ· ταύτας ἐς ὥραν ἤδη προηκούσας Λακεδαιμονίων ἄνδρες βιάζονται παρὰ θέμιδα ς καὶ Φρουραρχίδας καὶ Παρθένιος. | For Scedasus, who lived near Leuctra, had two daughters, Molpia and Hippo; and when they reached youthful maturity, they were outrageously violated by two Spartans, Phrurarchidas and Parthenios. | The sentence gives a heroic/genealogical figure (Scedasus and his daughters) and a mythic-style violation by named Spartans; it also names identifiable Spartans, but the core content is still narrative rather than merely locational. |
| 9.13.5 | 4 | mythic | other | καὶ ὁ Σκέδασος, ὡς ἐς Λακεδαίμονα ἐλθόντι οὐδεμία ἐγένετο αὐτῷ δίκη, οὕτως ἐς τὰ Λεῦκτρα ἐπανήκων αὑτὸν διεργάζεται. | Scedasus, traveling to Lacedaemon, could obtain no redress whatsoever; then returning thus to Leuctra, he ended his own life. | Reports Scedasus’s personal action and suicide; no mythic deed or post-500 BCE historical event is asserted. |
| 9.13.6 | 1 | mythic | historical | τότε δὲ ὁ Ἐπαμινώνδας Σκεδάσῳ καὶ ταῖς παισὶν ἐνήγιζέ τε καὶ εὔχετο, ὡς οὐ μᾶλλον ὑπὲρ σωτηρίας Θηβαίων ἢ καὶ τιμωρίας ἐκείνων τὸν ἀγῶνα ἐσόμενον. | Then Epaminondas offered sacrifices and prayed to Scedasus and his daughters, declaring that the battle would be fought no less for vengeance upon their murderers than for the safety of Thebes. | Epaminondas is a historical figure, and the sentence reports his sacrificial prayer in a historical battle context; the mythic names are only recipients of the rite, not the sentence's asserted content. |
| 9.13.7 | 1 | historical | other | τῶν μὲν δὴ ἓξ ἐς τοσοῦτον ἦν κεχωρισμένα τὰ βουλεύματα· | The votes of the six commanders had thus far been equally divided. | Reports a division of votes among commanders; this is a procedural/political note, not mythic narration or a historical event in itself. |
| 9.14.2 | 3 | historical | other | οἱ Θεσσαλοὶ δὲ τότε, ὡς ἑλεῖν τὸν Κερησσόν σφισι πειρωμένοις ἐφαίνετο ἐλπίδος κρεῖσσον, ἀφίκοντο ἐς Δελφοὺς παρὰ τὸν θεόν, καὶ | On that occasion, when the Thessalians discovered that capturing Keressos seemed beyond their hopes despite their efforts, they went to Delphi to consult the god, and | This sentence only says the Thessalians went to Delphi to consult the god; it is a procedural/action note, not the oracle's content or a mythic/historical event. |
| 9.14.3 | 3 | mythic | other | τουτάκι δʼ ἔστι Κερησσὸς ἁλώσιμος, ἄλλοτε δʼ οὐχί. | Only then shall Ceressus be taken; at no other time." | This is a predictive/conditional statement about Ceressus being taken, not a mythic narrative or a historical event. |
| 9.14.5 | 3 | historical | both | καὶ ἀφικόμενος τῷ στρατῷ πρὸς τὴν Σπάρτην, ὡς οὐκ ἀντεπῆγεν Ἀγησίλαος μαχούμενος, οὕτω πρὸς τὸν οἰκισμὸν τρέπεται Μεσσήνης. | When he led the army against Sparta and Agesilaus chose not to oppose him in battle, Epaminondas proceeded towards the founding of Messene. | Mentions Epaminondas, Agesilaus, and the founding of Messene: a historical military episode plus a foundation act. |
| 9.14.7 | 3 | other | historical | λέγονται δὲ οἱ δικάζειν λαχόντες οὐδὲ ἀρχὴν περὶ αὐτοῦ θέσθαι τὴν ψῆφον. | It is said, however, that those assigned to judge his case refused outright even to cast their votes concerning him. | The sentence reports a judicial action by assigned judges, a post-classical institutional/historical matter. |
| 9.16.1 | 1 | other | historical | οὐ πόρρω δέ ἐστι ναὸς Ἄμμωνος, καὶ τὸ ἄγαλμα ἀνέθηκε μὲν Πίνδαρος, Καλάμιδος δέ ἐστιν ἔργον. | Not far away is a temple of Ammon; its statue was dedicated by Pindar, but is the work of Kalamis. | The sentence reports a dedication by Pindar, a historical person, which is historical content; the temple/location notice itself is other. |
| 9.16.1 | 4 | mythic | other | Θηβαίοις δὲ μετὰ τοῦ Ἄμμωνος τὸ ἱερὸν οἰωνοσκοπεῖόν τε Τειρεσίου καλούμενον καὶ πλησίον Τύχης ἐστὶν ἱερόν· | Near the sanctuary of Ammon the Thebans also have the place called the Oracle of Tiresias and, close by, a shrine of Tyche. | This sentence only locates the Oracle of Tiresias and a shrine of Tyche near Ammon; it does not narrate any mythic deed or historical event. |
| 9.16.2 | 1 | other | historical | φέρει μὲν δὴ Πλοῦτον παῖδα· ὡς δὲ Θηβαῖοι λέγουσι, χεῖρας μὲν τοῦ ἀγάλματος καὶ πρόσωπον Ξενοφῶν εἰργάσατο Ἀθηναῖος, Καλλιστόνικος δὲ τὰ λοιπὰ ἐπιχώριος. | She indeed carries as child Plutus; and as the Thebans relate, the hands and face of the statue were made by the Athenian Xenophon, but the remainder by the local artist Callistonikos. | The sentence reports who made parts of a statue, naming historical artists Xenophon and Callistonikos; it does not narrate mythic action. |
| 9.16.2 | 2 | other | historical | σοφὸν μὲν δὴ καὶ τούτοις τὸ βούλευμα, ἐσθεῖναι Πλοῦτον ἐς τὰς χεῖρας ἅτε μητρὶ ἢ τροφῷ τῇ Τύχῃ, σοφὸν δὲ οὐχ ἧσσον τὸ Κηφισοδότου· καὶ γὰρ οὗτος τῆς Εἰρήνης τὸ ἄγαλμα Ἀθηναίοις Πλοῦτον ἔχουσαν πεποίηκεν. | Wise indeed was their conception also, in setting Plutus in the hands of Tyche as if she were his mother or nurse; no less wise was that of Cephisodotus, who similarly made for the Athenians the statue of Eirene holding Plutus. | The sentence identifies Cephisodotus as the maker of a statue for the Athenians, which is a historical/dedicatory attribution; the mythic figures Tyche, Plutus, and Eirene are only part of the artwork description. |
| 9.16.4 | 1 | mythic | other | ἀπηλλαγμένῳ πόθου σωμάτων, Πάνδημον δὲ ἐπὶ ταῖς μίξεσι, τρίτα δὲ Ἀποστροφίαν, ἵνα ἐπιθυμίας τε ἀνόμου καὶ ἔργων ἀνοσίων ἀποστρέφῃ τὸ γένος τῶν ἀνθρώπων· | One (Aphrodite Urania), who is free from bodily desire; another, Pandemos, concerned with physical unions; and thirdly, Apostrophia, whose function is to turn away humankind from unlawful passions and impious deeds. | This is a descriptive classification of Aphrodite's epithets/functions, not a narrated myth, genealogy, or historical event. |
| 9.16.6 | 3 | mythic | other | ἐνταῦθα οἱ Θηβαῖοι τὸ ἕτερον τῶν ἀγαλμάτων φασὶν εἶναι Σεμέλης· ἐνιαυτοῦ δὲ ἅπαξ ἑκάστου τὸ ἱερὸν ἀνοιγνύναι φασὶν ἐν ἡμέραις τακταῖς. | The Thebans assert that one of the statues here represents Semele, and say that this sanctuary is opened only once each year, upon fixed days. | The sentence only identifies a statue as Semele and notes the sanctuary's annual opening; this is a location/ritual notice, not myth narration or historical assertion. |
| 9.16.7 | 1 | mythic | other | καὶ οἰκίας τῆς Λύκου τὰ ἐρείπια καὶ Σεμέλης μνῆμά ἐστιν, Ἀλκμήνης δὲ οὐ μνῆμα· | There are also the ruins of Lycus' house and the tomb of Semele; but there is no tomb of Alcmena. | A bare notice of ruins and tombs located there; it does not narrate a myth or historical event. |
| 9.16.7 | 4 | mythic | other | Θηβαίοις δὲ ἐνταῦθα καὶ τὰ μνήματα πεποίηται τῶν Ἀμφίονος παίδων, χωρὶς μὲν τῶν ἀρσένων, ἰδίᾳ δὲ ταῖς παρθένοις. | Here the Thebans have also erected tombs for the children of Amphion—separate tombs for the males and a separate tomb for the maidens. | Bare notice of tombs and their arrangement for Amphion's children; it locates memorials but does not narrate a myth or historical event. |
| 9.17.1 | 4 | historical | other | Ἀντιποίνῳ μὲν οὖν---τούτῳ γὰρ τὰ ἐς τοὺς προγόνους μάλιστα ὑπῆρχεν ἔνδοξα---οὐχ ἡδὺ ἦν ἀποθνήσκειν πρὸ τοῦ δήμου, ταῖς δὲ Ἀντιποίνου θυγατράσιν ἤρεσκε· | Antipoenus—for to him ancestral honor was especially prominent—was not willing to die for the sake of the community; but it seemed good to his daughters. | This is a character judgment about Antipoenus and his daughters, not a mythic narrative or a post-500 BCE historical event. |
| 9.17.1 | 5 | historical | other | διεργασάμεναι δὲ αὑτὰς τιμὰς ἀντὶ τούτων ἔχουσι. | Having willingly caused their own deaths, they received honors in return for this deed. | The sentence only says they received honors for their deed; it does not itself identify the actors or narrate a mythic or historical event. |
| 9.17.2 | 3 | mythic | other | ἀπέχει δὲ ἡ πυρὰ τῶν Ἀμφίονος παίδων ἥμισυ σταδίου μάλιστα ἀπὸ τῶν τάφων· μένει δὲ ἡ τέφρα καὶ ἐς τόδε ἔτι ἀπὸ τῆς πυρᾶς. | About half a stade away from the graves is the pyre of Amphion's children, and to this day the ashes from the pyre still remain. | This is a topographic/physical note locating the pyre and describing that its ashes still remain; it does not itself narrate a myth or historical event. |
| 9.17.3 | 1 | mythic | other | πλησίον δὲ Ἀμφιτρύωνος ἀνάθημα δύο ἀγάλματα λίθινα λέγουσιν Ἀθηνᾶς ἐπίκλησιν Ζωστηρίας· | Near the dedication of Amphitryon, they say, are two stone statues of Athena, surnamed Zosteria ("Girding"). | This sentence only locates two stone statues of Athena near Amphitryon's dedication; it does not narrate a myth or a historical event. |
| 9.17.4 | 1 | mythic | other | Ζήθῳ δὲ μνῆμα καὶ Ἀμφίονι ἐν κοινῷ γῆς χῶμά ἐστιν οὐ μέγα. | The tomb of Zethus and Amphion is a common mound of earth, not large in size. | Bare notice of a tomb's existence and physical description; no mythic or historical event is asserted. |
| 9.17.4 | 4 | mythic | historical | καὶ ἐπὶ τούτῳ φρουρὰν οἱ Θηβαῖοι τότε ἔχουσι τοῦ μνήματος. | Because of this, the Thebans at that season appoint guards for the tomb. | Describes a contemporary historical practice by the Thebans of appointing guards for a tomb; no mythic narrative is asserted. |
| 9.17.6 | 1 | mythic | other | Φώκου δὲ μνῆμα ὁ Βάκις εἴρηκεν ἐπὶ αἰτίᾳ τοιᾷδε. | Bacis mentions the tomb of Phocus for the following reason. | Authorial cross-reference explaining why Bacis mentions Phocus' tomb; it does not itself narrate mythic or historical ঘটনা. |
| 9.18.1 | 2 | historical | other | τάφος δὲ ἐπὶ τῇ λεωφόρῳ δείκνυται Μελανίππου, Θηβαίων ἐν τοῖς μάλιστα ἀγαθοῦ τὰ πολεμικά· | Near the main road is shown the tomb of Melanippus, who was among the bravest of the Thebans in warfare. | A tomb is merely located and Melanippus is named as a notable Theban warrior; the sentence does not narrate an event or biography. |
| 9.18.3 | 1 | mythic | other | ἑξῆς δέ ἐστι τῶν Οἰδίποδος παίδων μνήματα· | Next come the tombs of the children of Oedipus. | Bare location notice identifying tombs; it does not narrate any mythic deed or historical event. |
| 9.18.3 | 4 | mythic | other | τούτοις δὲ ἐναγιζόντων αὐτῶν τὴν φλόγα, ὡσαύτως δὲ καὶ τὸν ἀπʼ αὐτῆς καπνὸν διχῇ διίστασθαι. | And when they offer sacrifices to these, the flame, and likewise the smoke arising from it, divides itself into two parts. | This is a ritual/phenomenological description of what happens during sacrifice, not a mythic story or historical event. |
| 9.18.4 | 3 | mythic | other | μελλόντων δὲ ἐναγίζειν αὐτῷ καπνὸς αὐτόματος ἄνεισιν ἐκ τοῦ τάφου. | Whenever they intend to offer a sacrifice to him, smoke spontaneously ascends from his tomb. | Describes a ritual sign at a tomb, not a narrated mythic deed or historical event. |
| 9.18.4 | 5 | mythic | other | Θηβαῖοι δὲ καὶ Τειρεσίου μνῆμα ἀποφαίνουσι, πέντε μάλιστα καὶ δέκα ἀπωτέρω σταδίοις ἢ Οἰδίποδος τοῖς παισίν ἐστιν ὁ τάφος· | The Thebans point out the tomb of Teiresias as well, situated approximately fifteen stadia farther away than that of the children of Oedipus. | This is only a location note identifying Teiresias's tomb and its distance from another tomb; it does not narrate a myth or a historical event. |
| 9.18.4 | 6 | other | mythic | ὁμολογοῦντες δὲ καὶ οὗτοι συμβῆναι Τειρεσίᾳ τὴν τελευτὴν ἐν τῇ Ἁλιαρτίᾳ, τὸ παρὰ σφίσιν ἐθέλουσιν εἶναι κενὸν μνῆμα. | Yet, although even they admit that Teiresias died in the territory of Haliartus, they claim that the burial site in their land is an empty monument. | The sentence asserts a mythic figure, Teiresias, and his death/burial claim; it is not a post-500 BCE historical event. |
| 9.19.2 | 3 | mythic | other | τῷ δὲ Αἰγιαλεῖ γενέσθαι τὸ μνῆμα ἐν Παγαῖς πρότερον ἔτι ἐν τῇ συγγραφῇ τῇ Μεγαρίδι ἐδήλωσα. | As for Aigialeus himself, in my account treating of Megaris, I have previously indicated that his tomb lies in Pagae. | This is a cross-reference to a previous account and a tomb location, which is treated as other rather than mythic or historical content. |
| 9.19.4 | 4 | historical | other | ὅντινα δὲ τρόπον ἐγένετο ἡ Μυκαλησσὸς ἀνάστατος, τὰ ἐς Ἀθηναίους ἔχοντα ἐδήλωσέ μοι τοῦ λόγου. | How Mykalessos came to devastation, involving events concerning the Athenians, I have already related in my account. | Authorial cross-reference to a previous account of Mykalessos; no mythic or historical event is asserted in this sentence itself. |
| 9.19.7 | 1 | mythic | other | πλατάνου δέ, ἧς καὶ Ὅμηρος ἐν Ἰλιάδι ἐποιήσατο μνήμην, τὸ ἔτι τοῦ ξύλου περιὸν φυλάσσουσιν ἐν τῷ ναῷ. | They still preserve in the temple a remnant of the wood from the plane tree that Homer also mentioned in the Iliad. | A bare notice about preserving a relic in the temple; it mentions Homer and a plane tree but does not itself narrate mythic or historical events. |
| 9.19.7 | 3 | mythic | other | καὶ ἀπʼ ἐκείνου διαμεμένηκεν ἐν Αὐλίδι πάντα τὰ ἱερεῖα εἶναι δόκιμα. | Ever since then it has remained customary at Aulis that every sacrificial victim is acceptable. | States a customary practice at Aulis; this is a procedural/ritual note, not narration of mythic or historical events. |
| 9.19.7 | 4 | mythic | other | δείκνυται δὲ καὶ ἡ πηγή, παρʼ ἣν ἡ πλάτανος ἐπεφύκει, καὶ ἐπὶ λόφου πλησίον τῆς Ἀγαμέμνονος σκηνῆς οὐδὸς χαλκοῦς· | They also show the spring beside which the plane tree once grew, and on a nearby hill a bronze threshold of the tent of Agamemnon. | The sentence only points out the spring and the bronze threshold’s location; it does not itself narrate a mythic deed or a historical event. |
| 9.20.2 | 2 | mythic | other | διαμεῖναί τε τὸ ὄνομα ἐς τοσοῦτον ὡς καὶ Ὅμηρον ἐν καταλόγῳ ποιῆσαι Θέσπειαν Γραῖάν τε καὶ εὐρύχορον Μυκαλησσόν. | This name continued long enough even for Homer to include it in his Catalogue, writing "Thespeia and Graia and spacious Mykalessos." | Mentions Homer’s Catalogue as a literary reference, but the sentence itself only notes the name’s longevity and quotation; it does not narrate a mythic deed or a historical event. |
| 9.20.5 | 3 | historical | other | ἐπιχειρεῖν δὲ αὐτὸν καὶ τῶν πλοίων τοῖς λεπτοῖς, ἐς ὃ οἱ Ταναγραῖοι κρατῆρα οἴνου προτιθέασιν αὐτῷ. | He even attacked smaller vessels, until the Tanagraeans set out for him a bowl of wine. | This sentence only reports an action and a response; it does not itself assert mythic or post-500 BCE historical content. |
| 9.20.5 | 5 | mythic | other | Ταναγραῖον δὲ ἄνδρα πελέκει παίσαντα ἀποκόψαι τὸν αὐχένα αὐτοῦ· | While he lay there sleeping, a man of Tanagra struck him with an axe and cut off his head. | A violent act by a man of Tanagra is narrated, but the sentence does not identify a mythic hero or a post-500 BCE historical person/event in itself. |
| 9.22.1 | 3 | mythic | historical | καὶ ἐπὶ τούτῳ Κάλαμις ἐποίησεν ἄγαλμα Ἑρμοῦ φέροντα κριὸν ἐπὶ τῶν ὤμων· | In memory of this event, Kalamis made a statue of Hermes carrying the ram on his shoulders. | A historical artist, Kalamis, is said to have made a statue; this is a historical dedication/attribution, not myth narration. |
| 9.22.2 | 1 | historical | mythic | τὸν δὲ Ἑρμῆν λέγουσι τὸν Πρόμαχον Ἐρετριέων ναυσὶν ἐξ Εὐβοίας ἐς τὴν Ταναγραίαν σχόντων τούς τε ἐφήβους ἐξαγαγεῖν ἐπὶ τὴν μάχην καὶ αὐτὸν ὅτε ἔφηβον στλεγγίδι ἀμυνόμενον μάλιστα ἐργάσασθαι τῶν Εὐβοέων τροπήν. | They say that Hermes, called Promachus ("the Champion"), when the Eretrians landed from Euboea at Tanagra with their ships, led forth the youths to battle, and that he himself, appearing as a youth, defended himself using a scraper (strigil), and played the greatest part in routing the Euboeans. | The sentence attributes a battle deed to Hermes and describes him acting as a youthful hero; this is mythic content, not a post-500 BC historical claim. |
| 9.22.5 | 4 | mythic | other | Ἀνθηδονίοις δὲ μάλιστά που κατὰ μέσον τῆς πόλεως Καβείρων ἱερὸν καὶ ἄλσος περὶ αὐτό ἐστι, πλησίον δὲ Δήμητρος καὶ τῆς παιδὸς ναὸς καὶ ἀγάλματα λίθου λευκοῦ· | In the center of Anthedon especially is a sanctuary of the Cabeiri, surrounded by a grove, and nearby stands a temple of Demeter and her daughter, containing statues carved from white marble. | This sentence only locates sanctuaries, a grove, a temple, and statues; it does not narrate a mythic or historical घटना. |
| 9.22.6 | 2 | mythic | other | ἐνταῦθά εἰσι μὲν τάφοι τῶν Ἰφιμεδείας καὶ Ἀλωέως παίδων· | Here are the tombs of the children of Iphimedeia and Aloeus. | Bare location notice identifying tombs; it names mythic figures but does not narrate any mythic deed or historical event. |
| 9.22.6 | 4 | mythic | other | προστίθησι δὲ Πίνδαρος, ὡς ἐπιλάβοι τὸ χρεὼν αὐτοὺς ἐν Νάξῳ τῇ ὑπὲρ Πάρου κειμένῃ. | Pindar further adds that this destiny overtook them on Naxos, the island lying beyond Paros. | This is a cross-reference to Pindar’s statement and a location note about Naxos; it does not itself narrate mythic or historical ঘটনা. |
| 9.22.6 | 5 | mythic | other | τούτων τε δή ἐστι τῇ Ἀνθηδόνι μνήματα καὶ ἐπὶ τῇ θαλάσσῃ καλούμενον Γλαύκου πήδημα· | In Anthedon there are monuments to these figures, and beside the sea is a place called the Leap of Glaucus. | This sentence only locates monuments and names a place; it does not itself narrate Glaucus's myth or any historical event. |
| 9.22.7 | 3 | mythic | historical | Πινδάρῳ δὲ καὶ Αἰσχύλῳ πυνθανομένοις παρὰ Ἀνθηδονίων, τῷ μὲν οὐκ ἐπὶ πολὺ ἐπῆλθεν ᾆσαι τὰ ἐς Γλαῦκον, Αἰσχύλῳ δὲ καὶ ἐς ποίησιν δράματος ἐξήρκεσε. | When Pindar and Aeschylus inquired about him from the people of Anthedon, the former was moved only briefly to sing about matters regarding Glaucus, whereas Aeschylus found in this material sufficient inspiration to compose a dramatic work. | The sentence names historical poets Pindar and Aeschylus and reports their literary activity; it does not itself narrate mythic events, only mentions Glaucus as subject matter. |
| 9.23.1 | 2 | mythic | other | ἐνταῦθα δείκνυται καὶ ἡρῷον Ἰολάου. | At this site is also shown the hero shrine of Iolaus. | Bare notice that a hero shrine exists and is shown at a site; no mythic action or historical event is asserted. |
| 9.23.2 | 1 | historical | other | ὑπερβάντι δὲ τοῦ σταδίου τὰ ἐν δεξιᾷ δρόμος ἵππων καὶ ἐν αὐτῷ Πινδάρου μνῆμά ἐστι. | After passing the stadium, on the right is a race-course for horses, and within it is the tomb of Pindar. | A route/topographic note locating a race-course and tomb; it does not assert mythic or historical content itself. |
| 9.23.2 | 2 | other | historical | Πίνδαρον δὲ ἡλικίαν ὄντα νεανίσκον καὶ ἰόντα ἐς Θεσπιὰς θέρους ὥρᾳ καύματος περὶ μεσοῦσαν μάλιστα ἡμέραν κόπος καὶ ὕπνος ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ κατελάμβανεν· | It is told that when Pindar was a young man, journeying once to Thespiae during the height of summer around noontime when the heat is greatest, exhaustion and sleep overtook him. | This sentence gives a biographical anecdote about Pindar, a historical person, and does not narrate mythic action. |
| 9.23.3 | 1 | other | historical | ἀρχὴ μὲν Πινδάρῳ ποιεῖν ᾄσματα ἐγένετο τοιαύτη· εὐδοκιμοῦντα δὲ αὐτὸν ἤδη ἀνὰ πᾶσαν τὴν Ἑλλάδα ἐς πλέον δόξης ἦρεν ἡ Πυθία ἀνειποῦσα Δελφοῖς, ὁπόσων ἀπήρχοντο τῷ Ἀπόλλωνι, μοῖραν καὶ Πινδάρῳ τὴν ἴσην ἁπάντων νέμειν. | Such was the occasion of Pindar's first composition of poetry; but when his fame already extended throughout all of Greece, it was further enhanced by the oracle at Delphi, which commanded the Delphians that of all offerings dedicated to Apollo, a portion equal to the god's own should be assigned likewise to Pindar. | The sentence is a biographical notice about Pindar and an oracle's command affecting his honors; it asserts a historical figure and a historical institutional action, not mythic narrative. |
| 9.23.3 | 2 | mythic | other | λέγεται δὲ καὶ ὀνείρατος ὄψιν αὐτῷ γενέσθαι προήκοντι ἐς γῆρας· | It is also said that, when Pindar was advanced in years, a vision appeared to him in sleep. | Reports a dream-vision appearing to Pindar, but does not itself assert a mythic deed or a historical event; it is a biographical anecdote without historical action. |
| 9.23.4 | 1 | mythic | other | τὸν μὲν αὐτίκα τὸ χρεὼν ἐπιλαμβάνει πρὶν ἐξήκειν ἡμέραν δεκάτην ἀπὸ τοῦ ὀνείρατος, | Immediately the fate overtook him before the tenth day had passed from his dream. | A general fate overtaking someone after a dream is narrative, but this sentence does not itself assert a specific mythic deed or a historical event. |
| 9.23.4 | 2 | historical | other | ἦν δὲ ἐν Θήβαις γυνὴ πρεσβῦτις γένους ἕνεκα προσήκουσα Πινδάρῳ καὶ τὰ πολλὰ μεμελετηκυῖα ᾄδειν τῶν ᾀσμάτων· | At Thebes there was an elderly woman, of the family related to Pindar, who had often practiced singing his poetry. | This is a bare notice about an elderly woman related to Pindar and her singing practice; it does not narrate mythic or historical ঘটনা. |
| 9.23.4 | 3 | mythic | other | ταύτῃ Πίνδαρος ἐνύπνιον τῇ πρεσβύτιδι ἐπιστὰς ὕμνον ᾖσεν ἐς Περσεφόνην, | To her Pindar appeared in a dream, and standing before this elderly woman, he sang a hymn about Persephone. | This is a dream appearance and hymn performance by Pindar, but the sentence itself does not narrate a mythic deed or a historical event; it is a report of an encounter/performance. |
| 9.23.4 | 4 | mythic | other | ἡ δὲ αὐτίκα ὡς ἀπέλιπεν αὐτὴν ὁ ὕπνος, ἔγραψε ταῦτα ὁπόσα τοῦ ὀνείρατος ἤκουσεν ᾄδοντος. | Immediately upon awakening, she wrote down everything she had heard him singing in her dream. | Describes a dream-writing action only; no mythic or historical event is asserted. |
| 9.23.5 | 3 | historical | other | ὑπὸ δὲ ἀσθενείας καὶ γήρως οὐδὲ ἐς τὴν Ἀττικὴν ἀποσωθῆναι δυνηθέντες ἐνταῦθα ᾤκησαν. | These men, unable due to weakness and old age even to make their way safely into Attica, made their homes here. | Describes only that certain men, due to weakness and old age, settled here; no mythic or datable historical event is asserted. |
| 9.23.6 | 4 | historical | both | καί ποτε ἄνδρα Εὐρωπέα---ὄνομα δέ οἱ εἶναι Μῦν---, τοῦτον ἀποσταλέντα ὑπὸ Μαρδονίου τὸν Μῦν ἐπερέσθαι τε φωνῇ τῇ σφετέρᾳ καί οἱ χρῆσαι τὸν θεόν, οὐχ ἑλληνίσαντα οὐδὲ αὐτόν, διαλέκτῳ τῇ Καρικῇ. | It is said that once a man from Europe—whose name was Mys—was sent by Mardonius, and this Mys questioned the god in his own native tongue; without replying in Greek, the god uttered his prophecy in the Carian dialect. | The sentence reports an oracle response by the god (mythic) and names Mardonius, a historical Persian commander, in a datable context (historical). |
| 9.24.2 | 1 | mythic | other | λέγουσι δὲ οἱ Βοιωτοὶ καὶ πολίσματα ἄλλα πρὸς τῇ λίμνῃ ποτὲ Ἀθήνας καὶ Ἐλευσῖνα οἰκεῖσθαι, καὶ ὡς ὥρᾳ χειμῶνος ἐπικλύσασα ἠφάνισεν αὐτὰ ἡ λίμνη. | The Boeotians say that other towns, once inhabited, called Athenae and Eleusis, existed near the lake, but one winter season the lake flooded and caused their disappearance. | A topographic/local tradition about towns near a lake and their disappearance by flooding; no mythic deed or post-500 BCE historical event is asserted. |
| 9.24.3 | 3 | mythic | other | καὶ ὅσα μὲν ἐς Ὕηττον ἄνδρα Ἀργεῖον καὶ Ὄλμον τὸν Σισύφου λεγόμενα ἤκουον, προσέσται καὶ αὐτὰ τῇ Ὀρχομενίᾳ συγγραφῇ· | Whatever accounts I heard concerning Hyettus, an Argive hero, and Olmus, the son of Sisyphus, these likewise will be recounted in my description of Orchomenus. | This is an authorial cross-reference about what will be recounted elsewhere, not a mythic or historical assertion in itself. |
| 9.25.1 | 1 | mythic | other | Θηβαίοις δὲ τῶν πυλῶν ἐστιν ἐγγύτατα τῶν Νηιστῶν Μενοικέως μνῆμα τοῦ Κρέοντος· | Near the Neistan gates in Thebes is the tomb of Menoikeus, son of Creon. | A bare location notice identifying a tomb near the gates; it does not narrate Menoikeus' story or any historical event. |
| 9.25.1 | 3 | mythic | other | τοῦ δὲ Μενοικέως ἐπιπέφυκε ῥοιὰ τῷ μνήματι· τοῦ καρποῦ δὲ ὄντος πεπείρου διαρρήξαντί σοι τὸ ἐκτὸς λοιπόν ἐστιν εὑρεῖν τὸ ἔνδον αἵματι ἐμφερές. | Upon the tomb of Menoikeus grows a pomegranate tree; when the fruit is ripe, if you break its outer skin, you will find within it something resembling blood. | A tomb description and physical comparison of the pomegranate's interior; no mythic or historical event is asserted in this sentence. |
| 9.25.1 | 5 | other | mythic | ἄμπελον δὲ φῦναι μὲν οἱ Θηβαῖοι παρὰ σφίσι πρώτοις φασὶν ἀνθρώπων, ἀποφῆναι δὲ οὐδὲν ἔτι ἐς αὐτὴν ὑπόμνημα εἶχον. | As for the vine, the Thebans maintain that it first grew among themselves, earlier than among any other men; however, they could produce no further record as evidence for this assertion. | The sentence reports a foundation-like mythic claim about the vine first growing among the Thebans; the lack of evidence is incidental. |
| 9.25.2 | 4 | mythic | other | καλεῖται δὲ ὁ σύμπας οὗτος τόπος Σῦρμα Ἀντιγόνης· | The entire area is called the "Dragging of Antigone." | Only names the place and gives its designation; it does not itself narrate Antigone's story or any historical event. |
| 9.25.4 | 3 | mythic | other | καὶ ἀπωτέρω μικρὸν Ἡρακλῆς ἕστηκεν ἐν ὑπαίθρῳ Ῥινοκολούστης ἐπωνυμίαν ἔχων, | A short distance further on stands Heracles, called Rhinokoloustes ("nose-mutilator"), in the open air. | Bare location/existence notice of a Heracles statue; no mythic deed or historical event is asserted in this sentence. |
| 9.25.4 | 4 | mythic | other | ὅτι τῶν κηρύκων, ὡς οἱ Θηβαῖοι λέγουσιν, ἀπέτεμεν ἐπὶ λώβῃ τὰς ῥῖνας, οἳ παρὰ Ὀρχομενίων ἀφίκοντο ἐπὶ τοῦ δασμοῦ τὴν ἀπαίτησιν. | He received this name because, according to the Thebans, he cut off the noses of heralds who had come from the Orchomenians demanding tribute, thus dishonoring them. | This sentence reports an etiological story about a name and an act of mutilation, but it is framed as a local account and not as mythic hero-deed or post-500 BCE historical event. |
| 9.25.5 | 2 | mythic | other | τούτου δὲ τοῦ ἄλσους ἑπτά που σταδίους τῶν Καβείρων τὸ ἱερὸν ἀφέστηκεν. | About seven stades from this grove stands the sanctuary of the Cabeiri. | Bare topographic/location notice that a sanctuary stands a certain distance away; it does not assert mythic or historical content itself. |
| 9.25.8 | 1 | other | mythic | ὅτι δὲ τῶν ὅρων ἐκτὸς ἐμύησεν ἡ Πελαργὴ τῶν ἀρχαίων, Τηλώνδης καὶ ὅσοι γένους τοῦ Καβειριτῶν ἐλείποντο κατῆλθον αὖθις ἐς τὴν Καβειραίαν. | Because Pelarge initiated individuals outside the prescribed boundaries of ancient custom, Telondes and the remaining members of the Cabeirite lineage returned again to Cabeiraea. | Mentions Pelarge and the Cabeirite lineage in an etiological/mythic context about initiation and return to Cabeiraea; no post-500 BCE historical event or person. |
| 9.25.9 | 1 | mythic | other | τὰ γὰρ δὴ δρώμενα ἐν Θήβαις ἐτόλμησαν ἐν Ναυπάκτῳ κατὰ ταὐτὰ ἰδιῶται δρᾶσαι, καὶ σφᾶς οὐ μετὰ πολὺ ἐπέλαβεν ἡ δίκη. | Indeed, private individuals in Naupactus ventured to perform rites identical to those done in Thebes, and justice soon overtook them. | Reports a ritual imitation and ensuing punishment, but not a mythic deed or a post-500 BCE historical event. |
| 9.25.10 | 1 | historical | both | Ἀλεξάνδρου δέ, ὡς ἐνίκησε τῇ μάχῃ, Θήβας τε αὐτὰς καὶ σύμπασαν τὴν Θηβαΐδα διδόντος πυρί, ἄνδρες τῶν ἐκ Μακεδονίας ἐλθόντες ἐς τῶν Καβείρων τὸ ἱερὸν ἅτε ἐν γῇ τῇ πολεμίᾳ κεραυνοῖς τε ἐξ οὐρανοῦ καὶ ἀστραπαῖς ἐφθάρησαν. | But after Alexander had won the battle and was delivering both Thebes itself and the whole of the Theban territory to fire, some men from Macedonia entered the sanctuary of the Cabeiri, being in a hostile land, and were destroyed by thunderbolts and lightning from heaven. | The sentence asserts Alexander's historical action at Thebes and the destruction of Macedonians by divine thunderbolts, a mythic/divine intervention. |
| 9.26.7 | 4 | historical | other | τῶν μὲν δὴ διαφθαρέντων μνημονεύειν τὰ ὀνόματα οὔ φασιν· ἐπὶ δὲ Κλεοστράτῳ λαχόντι τὸν ἐραστὴν αὐτοῦ Μενέστρατον λέγουσιν ἐπιτεχνήσασθαι. | They say that they do not preserve the memory of the names of those who perished; but when Cleostratus was chosen by lot, his lover Menestratus, they say, devised a stratagem. | This sentence reports a named person's stratagem in a narrative anecdote, but not a mythic deed or a post-500 BCE historical event in its own right. |
| 9.27.1 | 1 | mythic | other | θεῶν δὲ οἱ Θεσπιεῖς τιμῶσιν Ἔρωτα μάλιστα ἐξ ἀρχῆς, καί σφισιν ἄγαλμα παλαιότατόν ἐστιν ἀργὸς λίθος. | Among the gods, the Thespians honor Eros above all from the earliest times, and their most ancient image of him is an unwrought stone. | The sentence only states that the Thespians honor Eros and describes an ancient image of him; it is a cult/location notice, not a mythic narrative or historical event. |
| 9.27.2 | 2 | other | mythic | Ὠλῆνος δὲ ὕστερον Πάμφως τε ἔπη καὶ Ὀρφεὺς ἐποίησαν· καί σφισιν ἀμφοτέροις πεποιημένα ἐστὶν ἐς Ἔρωτα, ἵνα ἐπὶ τοῖς δρωμένοις Λυκομίδαι καὶ ταῦτα ᾄδωσιν· | After Olen, Pamphos and Orpheus composed verses, and both writers have produced poetry about Eros, which the Lycomidae sing during their rites. | The sentence asserts that Pamphos and Orpheus composed verses about Eros, a mythic figure; this is mythic content. It does not assert post-500 BCE historical events. |
| 9.27.3 | 1 | historical | other | Σαπφὼ δὲ ἡ Λεσβία πολλά τε καὶ οὐχ ὁμολογοῦντα ἀλλήλοις ἐς Ἔρωτα ᾖσε. | Sappho of Lesbos composed many poems about Love, various and even contradictory in their sentiments. | This is a literary statement about Sappho composing poems; it does not narrate mythic action or assert post-500 BCE historical events. |
| 9.27.4 | 2 | historical | other | τῶν δὲ ἀσεβησάντων ἐς τὸν θεὸν ὁ μὲν ἀνθρώπῳ στρατιώτῃ διδοὺς ἀεὶ τὸ αὐτὸ σύνθημα μετὰ ὑπούλου χλευασίας ἐς τοσοῦτο προήγαγε θυμοῦ τὸν ἄνθρωπον ὥστε σύνθημα διδόντα αὐτὸν διεργάζεται, | Of the others who acted impiously toward the god, one officer, who was continually giving a certain soldier the same watchword along with subtle mockery, drove the man to such an extreme degree of wrath that he eventually killed the officer as he was giving him the watchword. | This sentence narrates an impious officer-soldier incident, but it is not mythic or historical in the tagging sense; it is a narrative detail without a post-500 BCE historical assertion or mythic content. |
| 9.27.4 | 4 | other | historical | τὸν δὲ ἐφʼ ἡμῶν Ἔρωτα ἐν Θεσπιαῖς ἐποίησεν Ἀθηναῖος Μηνόδωρος, τὸ ἔργον τὸ Πραξιτέλους μιμούμενος. | The Eros in Thespiae existing in my own time was sculpted by Menodoros, an Athenian who imitated the statue of Praxiteles. | It identifies a statue made in Pausanias' own time by a named sculptor, a historical/dedication fact; it does not narrate mythic action. |
| 9.29.4 | 2 | mythic | both | Μίμνερμος δέ, ἐλεγεῖα ἐς τὴν μάχην ποιήσας τὴν Σμυρναίων πρὸς Γύγην τε καὶ Λυδούς, φησὶν ἐν τῷ προοιμίῳ θυγατέρας Οὐρανοῦ τὰς ἀρχαιοτέρας Μούσας, τούτων δὲ ἄλλας νεωτέρας εἶναι Διὸς παῖδας. | But Mimnermus, in the elegies he composed about the battle of the Smyrnaeans against Gyges and the Lydians, states in his prologue that the elder Muses were daughters of Uranus, and that beside these there are other, younger ones, who are daughters of Zeus. | The sentence reports Mimnermus' claim about the Muses' divine genealogy (mythic) and also situates it in his elegies about the Smyrnaeans' battle against Gyges and the Lydians (historical). |
| 9.29.5 | 1 | mythic | other | ἐν Ἑλικῶνι δὲ πρὸς τὸ ἄλσος ἰόντι τῶν Μουσῶν ἐν ἀριστερᾷ μὲν ἡ Ἀγανίππη πηγή. | On Helicon, as one proceeds toward the grove of the Muses, there is on the left side the spring Aganippe. | A route/topographic notice locating the spring Aganippe on Helicon; it does not itself narrate myth or history. |
| 9.29.6 | 1 | mythic | other | ταύτης τε οὖν εἰκὼν καὶ μετʼ αὐτὴν Λίνος ἐστὶν ἐν πέτρᾳ μικρᾷ σπηλαίου τρόπον εἰργασμένῃ· | There is a statue of her, and after her is Linus, placed in a small rock shaped into the form of a cave. | Bare notice of statues and their placement; no mythic narrative or historical event asserted. |
| 9.29.7 | 3 | mythic | other | τοῖσι δʼ ἐνὶ μέσσοισι πάις φόρμιγγι λιγείῃ ἱμερόεν κιθάριζε, Λίνον δʼ ὑπὸ καλὸν ἄειδεν· Hom. Il. 18.569-70 Pausanias misquotes. | He says: "...and among them a boy played delightfully on the clear-toned lyre, singing beautifully the song of Linus." | This is a literary quotation/misquotation about a boy singing; it does not itself assert a mythic deed or a historical event. |
| 9.29.8 | 1 | mythic | other | Πάμφως δέ, ὃς Ἀθηναίοις τῶν ὕμνων ἐποίησε τοὺς ἀρχαιοτάτους, οὗτος ἀκμάζοντος ἐπὶ τῷ Λίνῳ τοῦ πένθους Οἰτόλινον ἐκάλεσεν αὐτόν. | Pamphos, who composed the oldest hymns for the Athenians, called this Linus Oitolinos during the heyday of the sorrowful lamentation. | Authorial note about Pamphos and a naming detail; it does not itself narrate a mythic deed or a post-500 BCE historical event. |
| 9.29.8 | 3 | historical | both | Θηβαῖοι δὲ λέγουσι παρὰ σφίσι ταφῆναι τὸν Λίνον, καὶ ὡς μετὰ τὸ πταῖσμα τὸ ἐν Χαιρωνείᾳ τὸ Ἑλληνικὸν Φίλιππος ὁ Ἀμύντου κατὰ δή τινα ὄψιν ὀνείρατος τὰ ὀστᾶ ἀνελόμενος τοῦ Λίνου κομίσειεν ἐς Μακεδονίαν· | The Thebans say that Linus was buried among them, and that after the Greek defeat at Chaeronea, Philip son of Amyntas, following some vision in a dream, exhumed Linus' bones and brought them to Macedonia. | Mentions the mythic figure Linus and a story about his burial/exhumation, and also a post-500 BCE historical event: Philip after Chaeronea. |
| 9.30.1 | 3 | other | historical | τὰς δὲ ὑπολοίπους τρεῖς ἐποίησεν Ὀλυμπιοσθένης . | The remaining three were crafted by Olympiosthenes. | The sentence attributes the making of three objects to Olympiosthenes, a historical agent; it is a dedication/production notice rather than myth. |
| 9.30.1 | 4 | mythic | other | καὶ Ἀπόλλων χαλκοῦς ἐστιν ἐν Ἑλικῶνι καὶ Ἑρμῆς μαχόμενοι περὶ τῆς λύρας, καὶ Διόνυσος ὁ μὲν Λυσίππου , | On Helicon, there is also a bronze representation of Apollo and Hermes disputing about the lyre, and a statue of Dionysus by Lysippus. | This is a bare description of statues on Helicon and their maker; it does not narrate a myth or a historical event. |
| 9.30.7 | 2 | mythic | other | ἰόντι δὲ ἐκ Δίου τὴν ἐπὶ τὸ ὄρος καὶ στάδια προεληλυθότι εἴκοσι κίων τέ ἐστιν ἐν δεξιᾷ καὶ ἐπίθημα ἐπὶ τῷ κίονι ὑδρία λίθου, ἔχει δὲ τὰ ὀστᾶ τοῦ Ὀρφέως ἡ ὑδρία, καθὰ οἱ ἐπιχώριοι λέγουσι. | Traveling from Dium towards the mountain, after going forward about twenty stades, there is a pillar on the right side with a stone urn resting upon it; this urn contains the bones of Orpheus, according to local tradition. | This sentence is mainly a route/topographic notice and a bare location of Orpheus' bones in an urn; it does not itself narrate a mythic deed or a historical event. |
| 9.30.9 | 1 | mythic | other | ἤκουσα δὲ καὶ ἄλλον ἐν Λαρίσῃ λόγον, ὡς ἐν τῷ Ὀλύμπῳ. πόλις οἰκοῖτο Λίβηθρα, ᾗ ἐπὶ Μακεδονίας τέτραπται τὸ ὄρος, καὶ εἶναι οὐ πόρρω τῆς πόλεως τὸ τοῦ Ὀρφέως μνῆμα· | I also heard in Larisa another tale concerning Olympus—that at the foot of the mountain facing Macedonia there once existed a city called Libethra, and not far from that city stood the tomb of Orpheus. | This sentence is a reported local tale plus a location notice about Libethra and Orpheus’s tomb; it does not itself narrate a mythic deed or a historical event. |
| 9.30.10 | 3 | mythic | other | οἱ οὖν ἐγγύτατα νέμοντες ἢ καὶ ἀροῦντες ἕκαστοι τὰ ἔργα ἀπολείποντες ἠθροίζοντο ἐπὶ τοῦ ποιμένος τὴν ἐν τῷ ὕπνῳ ᾠδήν· | Those nearby who were grazing flocks or ploughing fields abandoned their various tasks and gathered near the shepherd to listen to his song in sleep. | This is a narrative detail about nearby people gathering to hear a shepherd's song; it does not itself assert mythic or historical content. |
| 9.30.11 | 2 | historical | other | τότε οὖν οὗτος ὁ ποταμὸς κατέβαλε μὲν τὰ τείχη Λιβηθρίοις, θεῶν δὲ ἱερὰ καὶ οἴκους ἀνέτρεψεν ἀνθρώπων, ἀπέπνιξε δὲ τούς τε ἀνθρώπους καὶ τὰ ἐν τῇ πόλει ζῷα ὁμοίως τὰ πάντα. | At that time this river destroyed the walls of Libethra, toppled both the sanctuaries of the gods and the dwellings of men, and equally drowned all the human beings and animals in the city. | This sentence is a narrative description of a river destroying walls, sanctuaries, houses, and inhabitants; it does not itself assert a mythic episode or a post-500 BCE historical event. |
| 9.31.3 | 1 | other | both | ἐν δὲ τῷ Ἑλικῶνι καὶ ἄλλοι τρίποδες κεῖνται καὶ ἀρχαιότατος, ὃν ἐν Χαλκίδι λαβεῖν τῇ ἐπʼ Εὐρίπῳ λέγουσιν Ἡσίοδον νικήσαντα ᾠδῇ. | On Helicon there are other tripods, including a very ancient one, which they say Hesiod once received at Chalcis upon the Euripus, having won victory in a poetic contest. | The sentence reports a mythic/legendary claim about Hesiod receiving the tripod after winning a poetic contest, and it also refers to a historical person (Hesiod) in a biographical/historical notice. |
| 9.31.6 | 1 | mythic | other | ἐναντία δὲ καὶ ἐς τοῦ Ἡσιόδου τὴν τελευτήν ἐστιν εἰρημένα. | There are conflicting accounts also concerning Hesiod's death. | This is an authorial note about conflicting accounts of Hesiod's death, not a narration of mythic or historical events itself. |
| 9.31.7 | 3 | mythic | other | ἐνταῦθά ἐστι Ναρκίσσου πηγή, | Here is located the spring of Narcissus. | Bare location notice that a spring exists; naming Narcissus does not itself narrate a myth. |
| 9.31.9 | 1 | mythic | other | νάρκισσον δὲ ἄνθος ἡ γῆ καὶ πρότερον ἔφυεν ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν, εἰ τοῖς Πάμφω τεκμαίρεσθαι χρή τι ἡμᾶς ἔπεσι· | I believe that the narcissus flower grew from the earth even earlier; if we should draw conclusions from the verses of Pamphos. | Authorial speculation about the narcissus and a citation of Pamphos’ verses; no mythic event or historical event is asserted in this sentence itself. |
| 9.32.5 | 4 | historical | other | ἐν Ἁλιάρτῳ δέ ἐστι Λυσάνδρου τοῦ Λακεδαιμονίου μνῆμα· | At Haliartus there is the tomb of Lysander the Spartan. | Bare notice of a tomb's location; it names Lysander but does not narrate any historical act or event. |
| 9.32.6 | 1 | historical | other | Λύσανδρον δὲ τὰ μὲν ἐς τὰ μάλιστα ἐπαινέσαι, τὰ δὲ καὶ πικρῶς ἔστι μέμψασθαι. | Regarding Lysander, there are aspects thoroughly deserving praise, but also others worthy of sharp criticism. | Authorial evaluation of Lysander; no mythic narrative or historical event asserted in the sentence itself. |
| 9.33.1 | 1 | other | historical | ἐν Ἁλιάρτῳ δὲ τοῦ τε Λυσάνδρου μνῆμα καὶ Κέκροπος τοῦ Πανδίονός ἐστιν ἡρῷον. | In Haliartus there is the tomb of Lysander, as well as a heroön dedicated to Cecrops, son of Pandion. | The sentence identifies Lysander's tomb, a historical person, while the Cecrops heroön is only located/named and not narrated mythically. |
| 9.33.4 | 4 | mythic | other | ἐντυχεῖν τε δὴ αὐτῷ παραγενομένῳ τὸν υἱὸν Λόφιν | On his return, he first encountered his own son, Lophis. | The sentence only says he met his son Lophis on his return; it does not itself narrate a mythic deed or a historical event. |
| 9.33.4 | 5 | historical | other | καὶ τὸν οὐ μελλήσαντα τῷ ξίφει τὸν νεανίσκον παῖσαι· | Without hesitation, he struck the youth with his sword. | A simple action scene: someone strikes a youth with a sword; no mythic genealogy or historical event is asserted. |
| 9.33.6 | 2 | historical | other | προσεξειργάσατο δὲ καὶ ἐν ταῖς Ἀλαλκομεναῖς, τῆς Ἀθηνᾶς τὸ ἄγαλμα αὐτὸ συλήσας. | At Alalcomenae also he committed an additional outrage, plundering the very statue of Athena. | This sentence only reports a sacrilegious plundering of Athena's statue at Alalcomenae; it names a divine statue but does not narrate a mythic deed or a historical event. |
| 9.33.6 | 4 | other | historical | τὸ δὲ ἱερὸν τὸ ἐν ταῖς Ἀλαλκομεναῖς ἠμελήθη τὸ ἀπὸ τοῦδε ἅτε ἠρημωμένον τῆς θεοῦ. | From this time onward, neglect befell the sanctuary at Alalcomenae, as though it were abandoned by the goddess. | Asserts a post-event historical change in the sanctuary's condition ('neglect befell' from this time onward); the goddess mention is only explanatory and not a mythic narrative. |
| 9.33.7 | 1 | historical | other | ἐγένετο δὲ καὶ ἄλλο ἐπʼ ἐμοῦ τοιόνδε ἐς κατάλυσιν τοῦ ναοῦ· κισσός οἱ προσπεφυκὼς μέγας καὶ ἰσχυρὸς διέλυσεν ἐκ τῶν ἁρμονιῶν καὶ διέσπα τοὺς λίθους ἀπʼ ἀλλήλων. | In my own time another incident of the following sort also happened to bring about the temple's destruction: a large and powerful ivy had grown upon it, loosening the joints of the structure and forcing the stones apart from each other. | A descriptive note about ivy damaging the temple in the author's own time; it reports physical destruction, not mythic or historical narrative. |
| 9.34.1 | 2 | mythic | both | καλεῖται δὲ ἀπὸ Ἰτωνίου τοῦ Ἀμφικτύονος, καὶ ἐς τὸν κοινὸν συνίασιν ἐνταῦθα οἱ Βοιωτοὶ σύλλογον. | It is named after Itonius, the son of Amphictyon, and the Boeotians assemble here for their common gathering. | The sentence gives a naming legend from Itonius son of Amphictyon, which is mythic/genealogical, and also states the Boeotians' common assembly, an institutional historical practice. |
| 9.34.5 | 4 | mythic | other | ἀνωτέρω δέ ἐστιν Ἡρακλῆς Χάροψ ἐπίκλησιν· | Higher up is Heracles surnamed Charops ("with bright eyes"). | This is only a locational notice identifying a statue/place of Heracles by epithet; it does not narrate any mythic deed or historical event. |
| 9.34.10 | 3 | other | mythic | χρόνῳ δὲ ἐξενίκησεν ὕστερον ὄνομα εἶναι τῇ κώμῃ Ὄλμωνας. | At that time, the village took its name Almones after this Almus, but eventually the form "Olmones" prevailed as the village's name. | The sentence gives a naming legend: the village was first named after Almus, a mythic figure. |
| 9.35.2 | 1 | mythic | other | ἐοικότα μὲν δὴ Χάρισιν ὀνόματα καὶ ταῦτα, ἐοικότα δὲ καὶ παρʼ Ἀθηναίοις· τιμῶσι γὰρ ἐκ παλαιοῦ καὶ Ἀθηναῖοι Χάριτας Αὐξὼ καὶ Ἡγεμόνην. | Indeed these names also seem suitable for the Graces, and fitting as well are those among the Athenians; for from ancient times even the Athenians have honored the Graces named Auxo and Hegemone. | This sentence only notes that the Athenians have long honored Graces with certain names; it is a general cult notice, not a mythic narrative or a historical event. |
| 9.35.2 | 2 | other | both | τὸ γὰρ τῆς Καρποῦς ἐστὶν οὐ Χάριτος ἀλλὰ Ὥρας ὄνομα· τῇ δὲ ἑτέρᾳ τῶν Ὡρῶν νέμουσιν ὁμοῦ τῇ Πανδρόσῳ τιμὰς οἱ Ἀθηναῖοι, Θαλλὼ τὴν θεὸν ὀνομάζοντες. | For Karpo's name is that not of a Grace, but of an Hora; and the Athenians grant honors jointly to Pandrosos and another Hora, calling the goddess Thallo. | The sentence identifies Karpo and Thallo as divine figures (mythic), and also states a historical practice of the Athenians granting honors to Pandrosos and Thallo. |
| 9.35.5 | 4 | other | mythic | Ἑρμησιάνακτι δὲ τῷ τὰ ἐλεγεῖα γράψαντι τοσόνδε οὐ κατὰ τὴν τῶν πρότερον δόξαν ἐστὶν αὐτῷ πεποιημένον, ὡς ἡ Πειθὼ Χαρίτων εἴη καὶ αὐτὴ μία. | Moreover, Hermesianax, who composed elegies, diverges so far from previous opinion that he maintains Peitho ("Persuasion") herself is also one of the Graces. | The sentence reports Hermesianax's mythic claim about Peitho being one of the Graces; no post-500 BCE historical event or person is asserted. |
| 9.35.7 | 1 | other | historical | καὶ πρὸς τῷ ὀνομαζομένῳ Πυθίῳ Χάριτες καὶ ἐνταῦθά εἰσι Πυθαγόρου γράψαντος Παρίου· Σωκράτης τε ὁ Σωφρονίσκου πρὸ τῆς ἐς τὴν ἀκρόπολιν ἐσόδου Χαρίτων εἰργάσατο ἀγάλματα Ἀθηναίοις. | Near the so-called Pythian sanctuary there are also Graces, made here by Pythagoras of Paros; and Socrates, son of Sophroniscus, before the entrance to the Acropolis, fashioned images of the Graces for the Athenians. | The sentence states that Socrates, a historical person, fashioned images of the Graces for the Athenians; the rest is a location notice. |
| 9.36.3 | 5 | historical | other | ὀλίγοι δὲ καὶ ἐς τὴν Φωκίδα διαφεύγουσιν ἐξ αὐτῶν. | Only a few escaped from among them into Phocis. | This is a plain escape/movement statement with no mythic or historical assertion in itself. |
| 9.36.7 | 1 | mythic | other | Ὑήττου δὲ ἐποιήσατο μνήμην καὶ ὁ τὰ ἔπη συνθεὶς ἃς μεγάλας Ἠοίας καλοῦσιν Ἕλληνες· | The poet who composed the verses which the Greeks call the Great Eoeae also made mention of Hyettus, saying: | Authorial reference to a poet and his work; no mythic or historical event is asserted in the sentence itself. |
| 9.37.1 | 3 | mythic | other | Κλύμενον μὲν ἐν τῇ ἑορτῇ τοῦ Ὀγχηστίου Ποσειδῶνος Θηβαίων φονεύουσιν ἄνδρες ἐξ ἀφορμῆς μικρᾶς ἐς ἅπαν θυμοῦ προαχθέντες· | Now, at the festival of Poseidon at Onchestos, certain Theban men slew Clymenus, having been led by an insignificant cause into great anger. | This sentence reports a violent incident at a festival, but it is not presented as mythic narrative or as a post-500 BCE historical event; it is a contextual notice within the description. |
| 9.37.2 | 2 | mythic | both | καὶ μάχῃ μὲν ἐκράτησαν, τὸ δὲ ἀπὸ τούτου χωροῦσιν ἐς ὁμολογίαν Θηβαίους κατὰ ἔτος ἕκαστον τελεῖν δασμὸν τοῦ Κλυμένου φόνου. | They prevailed in battle and thereby compelled the Thebans to an agreement, according to which the latter would pay an annual tribute as recompense for the killing of Clymenus. | The sentence asserts a battle and an agreement imposing annual tribute, which is historical/political; it also refers to the killing of Clymenus, a mythic figure, as the basis for the tribute. |
| 9.37.3 | 2 | historical | other | πλοῦτον δὲ τὸν πρότερον καὶ εὐδαιμονίαν ἐκείνην ἀνασώσασθαι ζητῶν ἠμέλησεν ἁπάντων ὁμοίως τῶν ἄλλων, ὥστε καὶ ἔλαθεν ἄγαμος καὶ ἄπαις ἀφικόμενος ἐς γῆρας. | However, as he sought to restore his earlier wealth and former prosperity, he neglected all other matters entirely, and so reached old age unmarried and childless. | This is a biographical remark about a man's personal circumstances and priorities, with no mythic narrative or post-500 BCE historical event asserted. |
| 9.37.3 | 3 | historical | other | ὡς δὲ αὐτῷ χρήματα συνείλεκτο, ἐνταῦθα ἐπεθύμησέν οἱ γενέσθαι παῖδας. | When at last he had accumulated considerable riches, he then wished to have children. | This is a generic biographical statement about wanting children after acquiring wealth; it does not itself assert mythic or post-500 BCE historical content. |
| 9.37.5 | 3 | mythic | other | καὶ γὰρ τῷ Ἀπόλλωνι τὸν ναὸν ᾠκοδόμησαν τὸν ἐν Δελφοῖς καὶ Ὑριεῖ τὸν θησαυρόν. | For they built Apollo's temple at Delphi and the treasury for Hyrieus. | This sentence only states that a temple and treasury were built; it is a bare dedicatory/locational notice, not a mythic or historical narrative assertion. |
| 9.37.5 | 6 | other | mythic | Ὑριεὺς δὲ εἴχετο ἀφασίᾳ, κλεῖς μὲν καὶ σημεῖα τὰ ἄλλα ὁρῶν ἀκίνητα, τὸν δὲ ἀριθμὸν ἀεὶ τῶν χρημάτων ἐλάττονα. | Hyrieus was baffled, for although he saw the locks and other seals untouched, the amount of treasure was always found diminished. | The sentence narrates a mythic episode about Hyrieus and the mysterious theft of treasure; it is not historical. |
| 9.38.3 | 1 | mythic | other | τάφοι δὲ Μινύου τε καὶ Ἡσιόδου· | There are tombs of Minyas and Hesiod. | Bare notice of tombs' existence and location; it names Minyas and Hesiod but does not narrate any mythic deed or historical event. |
| 9.38.3 | 2 | mythic | other | καταδέξασθαι δέ φασιν οὕτω τοῦ Ἡσιόδου τὰ ὀστᾶ. νόσου καταλαμβανούσης λοιμώδους καὶ ἀνθρώπους καὶ τὰ βοσκήματα ἀποστέλλουσι θεωροὺς παρὰ τὸν θεόν· | About the bones of Hesiod, they recount this story: when a plague afflicted both the people and their cattle, they sent envoys to the god [at Delphi]. | The sentence only reports that envoys were sent to the god during a plague; it is a procedural narrative detail, not a mythic deed or historical event in itself. |
| 9.38.3 | 3 | historical | other | τούτοις δὲ ἀποκρίνασθαι λέγουσι τὴν Πυθίαν, Ἡσιόδου τὰ ὀστᾶ ἐκ τῆς Ναυπακτίας ἀγαγοῦσιν ἐς τὴν Ὀρχομενίαν, ἄλλο δὲ εἶναί σφισιν οὐδὲν ἴαμα. | These envoys received an answer from the Pythian oracle instructing them that their only remedy was to bring Hesiod's bones from the region of Naupactus to Orchomenus. | This is an oracle instruction about moving Hesiod's bones, but as a sentence it reports the Pythia's pronouncement rather than narrating a mythic deed or a historical event. |
| 9.38.4 | 1 | mythic | other | οὕτω τοῖς θεοπρόποις ἀποβᾶσιν ἐς τὴν γῆν πέτραν τε οὐ πόρρω τῆς ὁδοῦ καὶ τὴν ὄρνιθα ἐπὶ τῇ πέτρᾳ φασὶν ὀφθῆναι· | Thus, when the emissaries of the oracle landed in this region, it is said that they saw a rock not far from the road, and a bird perched upon this rock. | This is a route-like report of what the oracle emissaries saw on arrival; it does not itself narrate a mythic deed or a historical event. |
| 9.38.4 | 4 | other | historical | Ἄσκρη μὲν πατρὶς πολυλήιος, ἀλλὰ θανόντος ὀστέα πληξίππων γῆ Μινυῶν κατέχει Ἡσιόδου, τοῦ πλεῖστον ἐν Ἑλλάδι κῦδος ὀρεῖται ἀνδρῶν κρινομένων ἐν βασάνῳ σοφίης. | "Though fertile Ascra was his native land, Now the Minyan soil, famed for swift steeds, Holds Hesiod's bones; whose glory greatest shines In all of Greece, when men in contests strive Through rigorous test to measure wisdom's worth." | The sentence identifies Hesiod and states his burial place and fame; this is biographical/historical content about a historical person, not mythic narration. |
| 9.38.8 | 2 | historical | other | μαρτυρεῖ δέ μοι καὶ Ὄμηρος ἐν Ἀχιλλέως ἀποκρίσει πρὸς τοὺς παρὰ Ἀγαμέμνονος πρέσβεις· οὐδʼ ὅσʼ ἐς Ὀρχομενὸν ποτινίσσεται, Hom. Il. 9.381 δῆλα δήπουθεν ὡς καὶ τότε προσιόντων τοῖς Ὀρχομενίοις χρημάτων πολλῶν. | Homer himself testifies to this point in Achilles' reply to the envoys sent by Agamemnon: "nor all the wealth that flows into Orchomenus"—clearly indicating that even at that time the Orchomenians were in possession of great wealth. | The sentence is an authorial citation of Homer used as evidence and a comment on Orchomenus' wealth; it does not itself narrate mythic or historical events. |
| 9.38.9 | 2 | other | historical | ὁμολογεῖ δὲ καὶ ἔπη σφίσιν ἃ ἐποίησε Χερσίας, ἀνὴρ Ὀρχομένιος· | Supporting their claim are also the verses composed for them by Chersias, a man from Orchomenus: | Mentions verses composed by Chersias, a named historical person; this is a biographical/historical attribution rather than mythic narrative. |
| 9.39.1 | 3 | historical | other | Λεβάδου δὲ ἐξ Ἀθηνῶν ἐς αὐτὴν ἀφικομένου κατέβησάν τε ἐς τὸ χθαμαλὸν οἱ ἄνθρωποι καὶ ἐκλήθη Λεβάδεια ἡ πόλις ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ. | When Lebados arrived there from Athens, the people descended to the lower ground, and the city was afterward renamed Lebadeia after him. | This is a naming/renaming notice tied to a person's arrival and the city's new name, but it does not itself assert a mythic deed or a post-500 BCE historical event. |
| 9.39.2 | 2 | mythic | other | διείργει δὲ ἀπʼ αὐτῆς τὸ ἄλσος τοῦ Τροφωνίου ποταμὸς Ἕρκυνα. | A river, the Herkyna, separates from it the grove of Trophonius. | Pure topographic note: it states that the Herkyna river separates the grove of Trophonius, without narrating myth or history. |
| 9.39.3 | 3 | mythic | other | ταῦτα εἰκάσαι μὲν ἄν τις Ἀσκληπιοῦ τε εἶναι καὶ Ὑγείας, εἶεν δʼ ἂν Τροφώνιος καὶ Ἕρκυνα, ἐπεὶ μηδὲ τοὺς δράκοντας Ἀσκληπιοῦ μᾶλλον ἢ καὶ Τροφωνίου νομίζουσιν ἱεροὺς εἶναι. | One might suppose these images to represent Asclepius and Hygieia, but they may equally be Trophonius and Herkyna, since serpents are regarded as sacred not more to Asclepius than to Trophonius. | The sentence only identifies possible figures in an image and notes a belief about sacred serpents; it does not narrate a myth or a historical event. |
| 9.39.3 | 4 | historical | other | ἐπὶ δὲ τῷ ποταμῷ μνῆμά ἐστιν Ἀρκεσιλάου· | Near the river there is a tomb of Arcesilaus; | Bare notice of a tomb's location; it does not assert a mythic deed or a historical event/biography. |
| 9.39.4 | 4 | historical | other | τοῦτον μὲν δὴ διὰ τὸ μέγεθος ἢ καὶ τῶν πολέμων τὸ ἀλλεπάλληλον ἀφείκασιν ἡμίεργον· | This temple, indeed, has been left half-finished, owing perhaps to its great size or to wars continually breaking out. | A physical/architectural note explaining why the temple is unfinished; it does not assert mythic or historical events in itself. |
| 9.39.6 | 2 | mythic | other | τῶν μὲν δὴ ἄλλων ἱερείων τὰ σπλάγχνα οὐχ ὁμοίως δηλοῖ τοῦ Τροφωνίου τὴν γνώμην· ἐν δὲ νυκτὶ ᾗ κάτεισιν ἕκαστος, ἐν ταύτῃ κριὸν θύουσιν ἐς βόθρον, ἐπικαλούμενοι τὸν Ἀγαμήδην. | Now, the entrails of the other sacrificial animals do not equally make clear the intention of Trophonius; but on the night when each person descends, it is in this night that they sacrifice a ram into the pit, invoking Agamedes. | This sentence gives a ritual instruction for sacrifice and invocation; it does not itself narrate a mythic deed or a historical event. |
| 9.39.8 | 2 | mythic | other | θεασάμενος δὲ ἄγαλμα ὃ ποιῆσαι Δαίδαλόν φασιν---ὑπὸ δὲ τῶν ἱερέων οὐκ ἐπιδείκνυται πλὴν ὅσοι παρὰ τὸν Τροφώνιον μέλλουσιν ἔρχεσθαι--- τοῦτο τὸ ἄγαλμα ἰδὼν καὶ θεραπεύσας τε καὶ εὐξάμενος ἔρχεται πρὸς τὸ μαντεῖον, χιτῶνα ἐνδεδυκὼς λινοῦν καὶ ταινίαις τὸν χιτῶνα ἐπιζωσθεὶς καὶ ὑποδησάμενος ἐπιχωρίας κρηπῖδας. | Having viewed a certain image which is said to have been wrought by Daedalus—an image concealed by the priests from all except those who are preparing to descend to Trophonius—and having seen this image, having made prayers to it and rendered homage, he then proceeds toward the oracle, clothed in a linen tunic girded with ribbons and shod with sandals according to local custom. | The sentence mainly describes a ritual approach and clothing for the oracle; mentioning Daedalus is only an attribution of the image, not a mythic narrative. |
| 9.39.11 | 2 | mythic | other | τὸ δὲ λοιπὸν σῶμα αὐτίκα ἐφειλκύσθη τε καὶ τοῖς γόνασιν ἐπέδραμεν, ὥσπερ ποταμῶν ὁ μέγιστος καὶ ὠκύτατος συνδεθέντα ὑπὸ δίνης ἀποκρύψειεν ἂν ἄνθρωπον. | Immediately the rest of his body is drawn through and swiftly pulled down after the knees, just as might a man, caught by a whirlpool, be swiftly hidden away by the greatest and quickest of rivers. | Simile about a body being pulled like a man hidden by a whirlpool; no mythic or historical assertion in itself. |
| 9.39.12 | 2 | historical | other | τοῦτον δὲ οὔτε ποιῆσαι περὶ τὸ ἱερόν φασιν οὐδὲν τῶν νενομισμένων οὔτε χρησόμενον τῷ θεῷ καταβῆναι, χρυσὸν δὲ καὶ ἄργυρον ἐκκομιεῖν ἐλπίσαντα ἐκ τοῦ ἀδύτου. | It is said that this man neither performed any of the customary rites in the sanctuary nor went down intending to consult the god, but descended hoping to carry out gold and silver from the inner shrine. | This sentence only reports a man's intended sacrilegious action in a sanctuary; it does not narrate mythic events or post-500 BCE historical events. |
| 9.39.14 | 2 | mythic | other | τοὺς δὲ ἐς τοῦ Τροφωνίου κατελθόντας, ἀνάγκη σφᾶς, ὁπόσα ἤκουσεν ἕκαστος ἢ εἶδεν, ἀναθεῖναι γεγραμμένα ἐν πίνακι. | Those who descend to Trophonius are obliged to dedicate on a tablet all that each has heard or seen. | Procedural instruction about what visitors must dedicate after descending to Trophonius; it does not narrate a mythic deed or a historical event. |
| 9.39.14 | 3 | mythic | other | λείπεται δʼ ἔτι καὶ τοῦ Ἀριστομένους ἐνταῦθα ἡ ἀσπίς· | Here still remains also the shield of Aristomenes; | A bare notice that Aristomenes' shield remains here; it only locates an object and does not narrate mythic or historical action. |
| 9.40.1 | 2 | mythic | other | θεωροὺς ἀφʼ ἑκάστης πόλεως ἄνδρας ἀποστέλλουσιν ἐς Δελφούς· οὐ γὰρ δή σφισιν ἔτος δεύτερον ὗεν ὁ θεός. | They dispatched delegates from each city to Delphi, since the god had granted them no rain for two consecutive years. | This sentence only reports sending delegates to Delphi and a drought caused by the god; it is a procedural/historical note without narrating a mythic deed or a specific historical event. |
| 9.40.2 | 1 | mythic | other | ὡς δὲ ἐς τὴν Λεβάδειαν ἐλθόντες οὐκ ἐδύναντο εὑρεῖν τὸ μαντεῖον, ἐνταῦθα τῶν ἐξ Ἀκραιφνίου πόλεως Σάων---οὗτος δὲ ἦν καὶ ἡλικίᾳ τῶν θεωρῶν πρεσβύτατος---εἶδεν ἑσμὸν μελισσῶν, | When they came to Lebadeia but were unable to find the oracle, it happened that Saon, one of their company, who was from the city of Akraiphion and the oldest among the envoys, noticed a swarm of bees. | This sentence only narrates travel and a person noticing bees; it does not itself assert mythic or historical content. |
| 9.40.2 | 3 | mythic | other | αὐτίκα δὴ τὰς μελίσσας ἐς τοῦτο ἐσπετομένας ὁρᾷ τῆς γῆς, καὶ συνεσῆλθέ σφισιν ἐς τὸ μαντεῖον. | Immediately he saw the bees fly into that particular spot of the ground, and he entered along with them into the oracle. | The sentence only describes bees flying into a spot and someone entering the oracle; it is a narrative action without asserting mythic or historical content. |
| 9.40.3 | 1 | mythic | other | Δαιδάλου δὲ τῶν ἔργων δύο μὲν ταῦτά ἐστιν ἐν Βοιωτοῖς, Ἡρακλῆς τε ἐν Θήβαις καὶ παρὰ Λεβαδεῦσιν ὁ Τροφώνιος, | Of the works of Daedalus, two are in the territory of the Boeotians: a Heracles at Thebes, and a Trophonius by the Lebadeans. | This sentence only locates two works of Daedalus; it is a bare notice of existing statues, not a mythic narrative or historical event. |
| 9.40.3 | 3 | mythic | other | παρὰ τούτοις δὲ καὶ ὁ τῆς Ἀριάδνης χορός, οὗ καὶ Ὅμηρος ἐν Ἰλιάδι μνήμην ἐποιήσατο, ἐπειργασμένος ἐστὶν ἐπὶ λευκοῦ λίθου. | Besides these, there is also the chorus of Ariadne, which Homer mentions in the Iliad, carved upon white stone. | The sentence only describes a carved image of Ariadne's chorus and notes Homer mentions it; this is a physical description/cross-reference, not a mythic or historical assertion. |
| 9.40.4 | 3 | mythic | other | πέρα δὲ οὐκ οἶδα ὑπόλοιπα ὄντα τῶν Δαιδάλου· τοῖς γὰρ ἀνατεθεῖσιν ὑπὸ Ἀργείων ἐς τὸ Ἡραῖον καὶ ἐς Γέλαν τὴν ἐν Σικελίᾳ κομισθεῖσιν ἐξ Ὀμφάκης, ἀφανισθῆναί σφισιν ὁ χρόνος καθέστηκεν αἴτιος. | Beyond this, I do not know of any other surviving works by Daedalus, for those dedicated by the Argives in the Heraion and those brought to Gela in Sicily from Omphake have perished, destroyed by time. | This is an authorial remark about surviving works and their destruction; it does not narrate a mythic deed or a historical event. |
| 9.40.8 | 1 | historical | mythic | λέγεται δὲ ὑπὸ Μακεδόνων Καρανὸν βασιλεύοντα ἐν Μακεδονίᾳ κρατῆσαι μάχῃ Κισσέως, ὃς ἐδυνάστευεν ἐν χώρᾳ τῇ ὁμόρῳ· | It is said by the Macedonians that Caranus, when reigning in Macedonia, defeated in battle Cisseus, who ruled in an adjoining territory. | Reports a Macedonian tradition about Caranus defeating Cisseus; this is a legendary/heroic foundation-style claim rather than post-500 BCE history. |
| 9.40.10 | 2 | historical | other | ἐπιγέγραπται μὲν δὴ ἐπίγραμμα οὐδέν, ἐπίθημα δʼ ἔπεστιν αὐτῷ λέων· φέροι δʼ ἂν ἐς τῶν ἀνδρῶν μάλιστα τὸν θυμόν· | No epitaph has been inscribed upon it, but it has the figure of a lion set upon it, most fitting indeed to the courage of the men. | Describes the monument’s inscription and lion figure; this is a physical description, not mythic or historical narration. |
| 9.40.11 | 3 | mythic | other | τοῦτο οὖν τὸ σκῆπτρον σέβουσι, Δόρυ ὀνομάζοντες. | This scepter they honor and call the "Spear." | This is only a note that a scepter is honored and given a name; it does not itself narrate mythic or historical ঘটনা. |
| 9.40.11 | 4 | mythic | other | καὶ εἶναι μέν τι θειότερον οὐχ ἥκιστα δηλοῖ τὸ ἐς τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ἐπιφανὲς ἐξ αὐτοῦ· | That something divine indeed inhabits it is most clearly demonstrated by its evident manifestations among men. | This is an authorial assessment that something divine is present, not a narration of a mythic deed or a historical event. |
| 9.41.1 | 1 | mythic | other | ὁπόσα δὲ εἶναι τῶν Ἡφαίστου ποιηταί τε ᾄδουσι καὶ τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἠκολούθηκεν ἡ φήμη, τούτων, ὅτι μὴ τὸ Ἀγαμέμνονος σκῆπτρον, ἄλλο γε οὐδὲν ἀξιόχρεών ἐστιν ἐς πίστιν. | Of all the works which poets sing, and human tradition has followed, as having been crafted by Hephaestus, there is none worthy of credit except the scepter of Agamemnon. | This is an authorial credibility judgment about alleged Hephaestus-made works and Agamemnon's scepter, not a narration of mythic or historical events. |
| 9.41.2 | 2 | mythic | other | ἔστι δὲ Ἀμαθοῦς ἐν Κύπρῳ πόλις, Ἀδώνιδος ἐν αὐτῇ καὶ Ἀφροδίτης ἱερόν ἐστιν ἀρχαῖον· | In Cyprus there is a city called Amathus, home to an ancient sanctuary of Adonis and Aphrodite. | Bare location notice that an ancient sanctuary exists in Amathus; it does not narrate a myth or historical event. |
| 9.41.2 | 4 | historical | both | ὃν ἀνέθεσαν μὲν οἱ παῖδες ἐς Δελφοὺς οἱ Φηγέως---τρόπον δὲ ὅντινα ἐκτήσαντο αὐτόν, ἐδήλωσεν ἤδη μοι τὰ ἐς Ἀρκάδας ἔχοντα---, ἐσυλήθη δὲ ὑπὸ τυράννων τῶν ἐν Φωκεῦσιν. | This necklace was dedicated at Delphi by the sons of Phegeus—how they came to possess it I have already described in my account dealing with the Arcadians—but it was later plundered by the tyrants of Phocis. | The sentence itself says the sons of Phegeus dedicated the necklace, a mythic/heroic act, and that it was later plundered by the tyrants of Phocis, a historical/political action. |
| 9.41.3 | 2 | other | mythic | ἐν Ἀμαθοῦντι μὲν γάρ ἐστι λίθοι χλωροὶ συνδέοντος χρυσοῦ σφᾶς ὁ ὅρμος, τὸν δὲ τῇ Ἐριφύλῃ δοθέντα Ὅμηρός φησιν ἐν Ὀδυσσείᾳ πεποιῆσθαι χρυσοῦ, καὶ οὕτως ἔχει· | At Amathus there are green stones joined together by gold into a necklace, but the one given to Eriphyle, Homer says in the Odyssey, was entirely fashioned of gold, and in these words he makes it clear: | The sentence explicitly cites Homer’s account of the necklace given to Eriphyle, a mythic figure and mythic object; the Amathus stone necklace is only a physical description. |
| 9.41.4 | 2 | mythic | other | ἐν μέν γε τοῖς Εὐμαίου λόγοις πρὸς Ὀδυσσέα, πρὶν ἢ ἐκ Πύλου Τηλέμαχον ἀφικέσθαι σφίσιν ἐπὶ τὴν αὐλήν, ἐν τούτοις τοῖς λόγοις ἐστὶν ἤλυθʼ ἀνὴρ πολύιδρις ἐμοῦ πρὸς δώματα πατρός χρύσεον ὅρμον ἔχων, μετὰ δʼ ἠλέκτροισιν ἔερτο, Hom. Od. 15.459 | at any rate, in the conversation of Eumaeus addressed to Odysseus, before Telemachus had returned from Pylos to their homestead, occur these words: "A man of much skill came to my father's house bearing a golden necklace, strung with pieces of amber." (Hom. Od. 15.459) | This is a literary quotation/cross-reference to Homer, not Pausanias narrating mythic or historical content in his own voice. |